The operating principles and capabilities of X-ray grating interferometry are described using Talbot and Talbot—Lau interferometers as examples. Various types of diffraction gratings and methods for their production are described. Methods for collecting data in radiography and computed tomography, the origin of artifacts in X-ray images, and methods of suppressing them are considered. Particular attention is devoted to dark-field X-ray imaging and its application in medicine.

Keywords: X-ray radiation, refraction, interference, diffraction grating, X-ray moiré, phase contrast, dark-field contrast PACS: 07.85.−m, 41.50.+h, 42.79.Dj, 87.59.−e (all) DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2022.12.039283 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2023/10/b/ 001112744100002 2-s2.0-85182916315 2023PhyU...66..987L Citation: Lider V V "Talbot and Talbot—Lau X-ray interferometers" Phys. Usp. 66 987–1007 (2023) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Received: 19th, July 2022, revised: 9th, November 2022, accepted: 11th, December 2022 Оригинал: Лидер В В «Рентгеновские интерферометры Тальбота и Тальбота—Лау» УФН 193 1047–1070 (2023); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2022.12.039283