The most interesting experimental results obtained in studies of 2D and 3D topological insulators (TIs) based on HgTe quantum wells and films are reviewed. In the case of 2D TIs, these include the observation of nonlocal ballistic and diffusion transport, the magnetic breakdown of 2D TIs, and an anomalous temperature dependence of edge-channel resistance. In 3D TIs, a record-setting high mobility (up to $5\times 10^5 $cm$^2 $V$^{-1}$ s$^{-1}$) of surface two-dimensional Dirac fermions (DFs) has been attained. This enabled determination of all of the TI's main parameters (volume gap and density of Dirac fermions on both of its surfaces) and provided information on the phase of the DF's Shubnikov—de Haas oscillations, which indicates the rigid topological coupling between the fermion's spin and momentum. Prospects for further research are discussed in the conclusion.

Keywords: topological insulators, edge state transport, quantum well, inverted energy spectrum PACS: 73.43.Qt, 73.63.Hs (all) DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2019.10.038669 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2020/7/a/ 000575189200001 2-s2.0-85092483236 2020PhyU...63..629K Citation: Kvon Z D, Kozlov D A, Olshanetsky E B, Gusev G M, Mikhailov N N, Dvoretsky S A "Topological insulators based on HgTe" Phys. Usp. 63 629–647 (2020) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Received: 13th, May 2019, revised: 25th, September 2019, accepted: 4th, October 2019 Оригинал: Квон З Д, Козлов Д А, Ольшанецкий Е Б, Гусев Г М, Михайлов Н Н, Дворецкий С А «Топологические изоляторы на основе HgTe» УФН 190 673–692 (2020); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2019.10.038669