Issues

 / 

1976

 / 

May

  

Reviews of topical problems


Stresses produced in gasses by temperature and concentration inhomogeneities. New types of free convection

The main results of theoretical investigation of slow $(\mathbf{Re}\sim1)$ non-isothermal (temperature drop in the gas $\theta=\Delta T/T\sim1$) are reported. These flows are described by equations that differ from the classical Navier--Stokes equations for a compressible liquid in that the momentum equation contains besides the viscous-stress tensor, also a temperature-stress tensor of the same order of magnitude. The question of the influence of temperature stresses on the motion of the gas are analyzed, as are the forces acting on bodies placed in the gas. This question was first raised long ago by J. Maxwell, who used implicitly linearization in $\theta$ and reached the conclusion that the temperature stresses cause neither motion of the gas nor forces. However, when $\theta$ is not small, a new type of convection of the gas appears in the absence of external forces (e.g., of gravitation), namely, the temperature stresses cause the gas to move near uniformly heated (cooled) bodies; some examples of this convection are presented. In addition, for the case of small $\theta$, an electrostatic analogy is established, describing the force interaction between these bodies as a result of the temperature stresses. The problem of the flow around a uniformly heated sphere at $\mathbf{Re}_\infty\ll1$ (the Stokes problem) is solved: the temperature stresses exert an ever increasing influence on the resistance of the sphere with increasing sphere temperature. Analogous phenomena, produced in gas mixtures by concentration (diffusion) stresses, are indicated.

Fulltext pdf (892 KB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1976v019n05ABEH005261
PACS: 45.55.-d
DOI: 10.1070/PU1976v019n05ABEH005261
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1976/5/d/
Citation: Kogan M N, Galkin V S, Fridlender O G "Stresses produced in gasses by temperature and concentration inhomogeneities. New types of free convection" Sov. Phys. Usp. 19 420–428 (1976)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Оригинал: Коган М Н, Галкин В С, Фридлендер О Г «О напряжениях, возникающих в газах вследствие неоднородности температуры и концентраций. Новые типы свободной конвекции» УФН 119 111–125 (1976); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0119.197605d.0111

Cited by (98) Similar articles (18) ↓

  1. S.P. Bakanov, B.V. Deryagin, V.I. Roldugin “Thermophoresis in gasesSov. Phys. Usp. 22 813–825 (1979)
  2. V.M. Zhdanov, V.I. Roldugin “Non-equilibrium thermodynamics and kinetic theory of rarefied gasesPhys. Usp. 41 349–378 (1998)
  3. Yu.L. Klimontovich “Nonlinear Brownian motionPhys. Usp. 37 737–766 (1994)
  4. M.A. Margulis “SonoluminescencePhys. Usp. 43 259–282 (2000)
  5. V.N. Pokrovskii “Stresses, viscosity, and optical anisotropy of a Moving suspension of rigid ellipsoidsSov. Phys. Usp. 14 737–746 (1972)
  6. G.P. Zhigal’skii “1/f noise and nonlinear effects in thin metal filmsPhys. Usp. 40 599–622 (1997)
  7. K.P. Belov, A.M. Kadomtseva “Magnetoelastic properties of rare-earth orthoferritesSov. Phys. Usp. 14 154–162 (1971)
  8. O.V. Dolgov, E.G. Maksimov “Transition temperature of strong-coupling superconductorsSov. Phys. Usp. 25 688–704 (1982)
  9. I.E. Dzyaloshinskii, E.M. Lifshitz, L.P. Pitaevskii “General theory of van der Waals’ forcesSov. Phys. Usp. 4 153–176 (1961)
  10. S.L. Sobolev “Transport processes and traveling waves in systems with local nonequilibriumSov. Phys. Usp. 34 (3) 217–229 (1991)
  11. I.A. Vasil’eva “Fundamentals of the spectral diagnostics of gases containing a condensed dispersed phasePhys. Usp. 36 (8) 694–732 (1993)
  12. E.D. Eidel’man “Excitation of an electric instability by heatingPhys. Usp. 38 1231–1246 (1995)
  13. Yu.A. Izyumov, Yu.N. Skryabin “Double exchange model and the unique properties of the manganitesPhys. Usp. 44 109–134 (2001)
  14. G.N. Makarov “Selective processes of IR excitation and dissociation of molecules in gasdynamically cooled jets and flowsPhys. Usp. 48 37–76 (2005)
  15. G.N. Makarov “Cluster temperature. Methods for its measurement and stabilizationPhys. Usp. 51 319–353 (2008)
  16. L.Kh. Ingel, M.V. Kalashnik “Nontrivial features in the hydrodynamics of seawater and other stratified solutionsPhys. Usp. 55 356–381 (2012)
  17. G.F. Novikov, M.V. Gapanovich “Third generation Cu-In-Ga-(S,-Se) based solar invertersPhys. Usp. 60 161–178 (2017)
  18. M.O. Denisova, A.L. Zuev, K.G. Kostarev “Oscillatory modes of concentration convectionPhys. Usp. 65 767–788 (2022)

The list is formed automatically.

© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions