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Обзоры актуальных проблем


Вейвлеты и их использование

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Физический институт им. П.Н. Лебедева РАН, Ленинский проспект 53, Москва, 119991, Российская Федерация

Цель этого обзора состоит в том, чтобы дать полезное пособие тем, кто собирается применять дискретное вейвлет-преобразование в практических расчетах. Введено понятие вейвлетов и кратко описано их использование в практических вычислениях и различных приложениях без строгих доказательств математических утверждений, ссылки на которые приведены в цитируемой литературе. Многомасштабный анализ и быстрое вейвлет-преобразование стали практически синонимом дискретного вейвлет-преобразования. Правильный выбор вейвлета и использование нестандартного матричного умножения оказываются зачастую весьма существенными для решения поставленной задачи. Анализ различных функций с помощью вейвлетов позволяет выявить фрактальные свойства, особенности функции и т.п. Вейвлет-преобразование операторных выражений помогает в решении некоторых уравнений. В практических приложениях приходится часто иметь дело с дискретными наборами чисел, и тогда возникает проблема устойчивости вейвлет-преобразования и соответствующих численных алгоритмов. После обсуждения всех этих вопросов мы переходим к практическим применениям вейвлет-анализа. Они столь многочисленны, что нам приходится ограничить себя несколькими примерами. Мы будем благодарны всем за конкретные предложения, которые позволили бы приблизиться к цели, сформулированной в первой фразе аннотации.

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English fulltext is available at DOI: 10.1070/PU2001v044n05ABEH000918
PACS: 02.60.−x, 02.70.−c, 05.40.−a, 87.57.−s (все)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0171.200105a.0465
URL: https://ufn.ru/ru/articles/2001/5/a/
000170938900001
Цитата: Дремин И М, Иванов О В, Нечитайло В А "Вейвлеты и их использование" УФН 171 465–501 (2001)
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English citation: Dremin I M, Ivanov O V, Nechitailo V A “Wavelets and their uses” Phys. Usp. 44 447–478 (2001); DOI: 10.1070/PU2001v044n05ABEH000918

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