X-ray microscopy is a technique for obtaining real-space two- or three-dimensional images of an object using elements of the focusing optics. In this paper, various types of microscopes are reviewed and their applicability is examined; methods for obtaining image contrast are discussed, and directions for the further development of X-ray microscopy are outlined.

Keywords: X-ray microscopy, X-ray optics, image contrast, X-ray spectroscopy PACS: 07.85.Tt, 41.50.+h (all) DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2016.06.037830 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2017/2/e/ 000401039000005 2-s2.0-85019124476 2017PhyU...60..187L Citation: Lider V V "X-ray microscopy" Phys. Usp. 60 187–203 (2017) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Received: 25th, April 2016, revised: 30th, May 2016, accepted: 9th, June 2016 Оригинал: Лидер В В «Рентгеновская микроскопия» УФН 187 201–219 (2017); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2016.06.037830