Dark matter in galaxies, its abundance and its distribution remain a subject of long-standing discussion—against the background of the fact that neither dark matter particles nor dark matter bodies have yet been found. Experts' opinions range from "there exist a very large number of completely dark galaxies" to "nonbaryonic dark matter does not exist at all in any significant amounts". This review discusses the astronomical evidences for the existence of dark matter and its connection with visible matter as well as examining attempts to estimate its mass and distribution in galaxies from photometry, dynamics, gravitational lensing, etc. observations (the cosmological aspects of the existence of dark matter are not considered in the review). In the authors' view, the presence of dark matter in and around galaxies is a well-established fact. The review concludes with an overview of mechanisms by which a dark halo may influence intragalactic processes.

Keywords: structure of galaxies, dark matter PACS: 95.35.+d, 98.62.Dm, 98.62.Gq (all) DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2016.03.037751 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2017/1/b/ 000399464900002 2-s2.0-85017427859 2017PhyU...60....3Z Citation: Zasov A V, Saburova A S, Khoperskov A V, Khoperskov S A "Dark matter in galaxies" Phys. Usp. 60 3–39 (2017) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Received: 15th, January 2016, revised: 28th, February 2016, accepted: 9th, March 2016 Оригинал: Засов А В, Сабурова А С, Хоперсков А В, Хоперсков С А «Тёмная материя в галактиках» УФН 187 3–44 (2017); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2016.03.037751