Issues

 / 

1992

 / 

September

  

Reviews of topical problems


Small metal particles


Vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kaluzhskoe shosse 14, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840, Russian Federation

This review article is devoted to results of theoretical and experimental investigations of properties of nanometer metal particles. First, the modern theory of equilibrium structures and shapes of small particles is presented. The next Section deals with the thermodynamics of small particles. It reflects the present state of the theory of surface forces for small particles, including crystalline ones. Validity conditions are pointed out for the standard approach, and an alternative approach is described which is adequate for particles surrounded by their saturated vapor. In it the Laplace pressure is not a real physical force, but a formal quantity that describes the size dependence of the chemical potential. Specific features are described of melting and interphase fluctuations in small particles. In describing the electron properties of the particles emphasis is laid on the smoothed level density and the size dependence of the Fermi energy. Some effects caused by this dependence are presented, in particular the mutual charging of particles of different sizes which manifests itself in an anomalously strong attraction between particles and so on. Magnetic properties of small particles are also described including macroscopic quantum tunneling of magnetization.

Fulltext pdf (1.9 MB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1992v035n09ABEH002261
PACS: 61.46.Df, 01.30.Vv, 65.80.+n, 64.70.Dv, 73.22.−f, 75.50.Tt (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU1992v035n09ABEH002261
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1992/9/b/
Citation: Nagaev E L "Small metal particles" Sov. Phys. Usp. 35 (9) 747–782 (1992)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Оригинал: Нагаев Э Л «Малые металлические частицы» УФН 162 (9) 49–124 (1992); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0162.199209b.0049

References (282) Cited by (147) Similar articles (20) ↓

  1. I.D. Morokhov, V.I. Petinov et alStructure and properties of fine metallic particlesSov. Phys. Usp. 24 295–317 (1981)
  2. A.I. Gusev “Effects of the nanocrystalline state in solidsPhys. Usp. 41 49–76 (1998)
  3. G.N. Makarov “Experimental methods for determining the melting temperature and the heat of melting of clusters and nanoparticlesPhys. Usp. 53 179–198 (2010)
  4. B.M. Smirnov “Melting of clusters with pair interaction of atomsPhys. Usp. 37 1079–1096 (1994)
  5. R.S. Berry, B.M. Smirnov “Phase transitions in various kinds of clustersPhys. Usp. 52 137–164 (2009)
  6. B.M. Smirnov “Clusters with close packing and filled shellsPhys. Usp. 36 (10) 933–955 (1993)
  7. G.N. Makarov “Cluster temperature. Methods for its measurement and stabilizationPhys. Usp. 51 319–353 (2008)
  8. R.S. Berry, B.M. Smirnov “Phase transitions and adjacent phenomena in simple atomic systemsPhys. Usp. 48 345–388 (2005)
  9. B.M. Smirnov “Systems of atoms with a short-range interactionSov. Phys. Usp. 35 (12) 1052–1079 (1992)
  10. B.M. Smirnov “Processes in expanding and condensing gasesPhys. Usp. 37 621–657 (1994)
  11. B.M. Smirnov “Scaling method in atomic and molecular physicsPhys. Usp. 44 1229–1253 (2001)
  12. G.V. Kozlov “Structure and properties of particulate-filled polymer nanocompositesPhys. Usp. 58 33–60 (2015)
  13. V.Z. Kresin, Yu.N. Ovchinnikov “‘Giant’ strengthening of superconducting pairing in metallic nanoclusters: large enhancement of Tc and potential for room-temperature superconductivityPhys. Usp. 51 427–435 (2008)
  14. R.S. Berry, B.M. Smirnov “Modeling of configurational transitions in atomic systemsPhys. Usp. 56 973–998 (2013)
  15. L.A. Bol’shov, A.P. Napartovich et alSubmonolayer films on the surface of metalsSov. Phys. Usp. 20 432–451 (1977)
  16. G.N. Makarov “Kinetic methods for measuring the temperature of clusters and nanoparticles in molecular beamsPhys. Usp. 54 351–370 (2011)
  17. B.M. Smirnov “Processes involving clusters and small particles in a buffer gasPhys. Usp. 54 691–721 (2011)
  18. G.N. Makarov “Laser applications in nanotechnology: nanofabrication using laser ablation and laser nanolithographyPhys. Usp. 56 643–682 (2013)
  19. S.A. Kukushkin, A.V. Osipov “Thin-film condensation processesPhys. Usp. 41 983–1014 (1998)
  20. E.L. Nagaev “Anomalous magnetic structures and phase transitions in non-Heisenberg magnetic materialsSov. Phys. Usp. 25 31–57 (1982)

The list is formed automatically.

© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions