Polarization waves and super-radiance in active media

V.V. Zheleznyakov, V.V. Kocharovskii, V.V. Kocharovskii
Federal Research Center A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Ulyanova 46, Nizhny Novgorod, 603000, Russian Federation

The macroscopic electrodynamics of time-dependent coherent processes in active media is reviewed. Dicke super-radiance in the two-level model and cyclotron super-radiance in a model consisting of an electron beam in a magnetic field are investigated. Similar phenomena in other media are discussed. Particular attention is devoted to polarization waves, i.e., a type of normal wave that coexists with electromagnetic waves and in many ways determines the character of coherent effects. Super-radiance is considered as a dissipative instability of negative-energy polarization waves, which occurs in an active sample as a result of losses by emission of positive-energy electromagnetic waves into the ambient space. The method of phenomenological quantization is developed for unstable modes in active samples, and directly describes the quantum-mechanical properties of collective excitations. The procedure is used to analyze macroscopic quantum-mechanical fluctuations of super-radiance.

PACS: 42.50.Fx, 42.50.Pq, 42.50.Lc, 42.50.Ar, 71.36.+c (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU1989v032n10ABEH002764
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1989/10/a/
Citation: Zheleznyakov V V, Kocharovskii V V, Kocharovskii V V "Polarization waves and super-radiance in active media" Sov. Phys. Usp. 32 835–870 (1989)

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Оригинал: Железняков В В, Кочаровский В В, Кочаровский В В «Волны поляризации и сверхизлучение в активных средах» УФН 159 193–260 (1989); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0159.198910a.0193

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