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Issue 11, 2026
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Spectroscopic navigation in phododynamic therapy: new devices, tools, and methods

†  a, b,  a,  a, c, b,  a, d,  a, b,  a,  a, b,  a,  e, f, g,  h,  i,  i,  i,  j, k,  k,  l,  l,  i, l, m
a Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
b National Research Nuclear University ‘MEPhI’, Kashirskoe shosse 31, Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation
c Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Chernyshevskogo St. 173, Nalchik, 360004, Russian Federation
d Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
e RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
f National Medical Research Center of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Koroleva St. 4, Obninsk, 249036, Russian Federation
g P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncology Institute of the Ministry of Health of Russia, 2nd Botkinsky Passage 3, Moscow, 125284, Russian Federation
h N.A. Lopatkin Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology, 3rd Parkovaya St. 51/1, Moscow, 105425, Russian Federation
i I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya St. 8/2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
j St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 7-9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
k High Technology Clinic "Belooostrov", Clinic Beloostrov, 1, Yukki urban settlement, Vsevolozhsk District, St. Petersburg, Leningrad Region, 188632, Russian Federation
l N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kashirskoe Highway 23, Moscow, 115478, Russian Federation
m Tyumen State Medical University, Odesskaya St. 54, Tyumen, 625023, Russian Federation

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising organ-preserving treatment for cancer. However, its widespread clinical use has long been hindered by the lack of reliable methods for intraoperative dosimetric monitoring. This review summarizes the results of experimental and clinical studies conducted in collaboration with leading medical centers in Russia on the development and implementation of fluorescence navigation methods for the personalization of PDT. The review examines the characteristics of photosensitizers (PSs) based on 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and chlorin e6 (Ce6), causing differences in the mechanisms of accumulation, intracellular localization, and pathways of photoinduced cell death. Along with classical PSs, indocyanine green is used as an auxiliary near-infrared fluorophore. The potential of using a combination of PSs (e.g., Ce6 and 5-ALA-induced protoporphyrin IX) to achieve a synergistic effect is demonstrated. Particular attention is paid to spectroscopic navigation in the near-infrared range, which allows for real-time assessment of fluorophore photobleaching, hemoglobin oxygenation, and the optical properties of tissues, thereby enabling the adaptation of irradiation parameters to the individual characteristics of the tumor. The results of clinical trials of the developed methods in the treatment of cervical neoplasms, cholangiocellular carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma of the skin, and others are presented. The body of data demonstrates that fluorescence navigation serves as the foundation for personalizing PDT, enhancing its efficacy and safety, and expanding the method's clinical potential.

Typically, an English full text is available in about 1 month from the date of publication of the original article.

Correspondence should be addressed to
Keywords: photodynamic therapy, fluorescence imaging, diffuse reflection spectroscopy, optical dosimetry, optical biopsy, photosensitizers, personalized medicine, biophotonics, oncology, diseases of significant social impact
PACS: 42.62.Be, 87.19.xj, 87.64.−t (all)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2026.03.040228
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2026/11/g/
Citation: Loschenov V B, Alekseeva P M, Efendiev K T, Yakovlev D V, Savelyeva T A, Moskalev A S, Borodkin A V, Linkov K G, Kaprin A D, Mukhtarulina S V, Shiryaev A A, Gilyadova A V, Reshetov I V, Kashchenko V A, Zavrazhnov A A, Babadzhanov U N, Mamedli Z Z, Gordeev S S "Spectroscopic navigation in phododynamic therapy: new devices, tools, and methods" Phys. Usp. 69 (11) (2026)

Received: 29th, September 2026, 25th, March 2026

Оригинал: Лощенов В Б, Алексеева П М, Эфендиев К Т, Яковлев Д В, Савельева Т А, Москалев А С, Бородкин А В, Линьков К Г, Каприн А Д, Мухтарулина С В, Ширяев А А, Гилядова А В, Решетов И В, Кащенко В А, Завражнов А А, Бабаджанов У Н, Мамедли З З, Гордеев С С «Спектроскопическая навигация в фотодинамической терапии: новые приборы, инструменты и методы» УФН 196 1212–1226 (2026); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2026.03.040228

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