Explosive emission processes in thermonuclear facilities with magnetic plasma confinement and in linear electron—positron colliders

S.A. Barengolts^†^a, b, c, G.A. Mesyats^‡^b
^aProkhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
^bLebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 53, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
^cInstitute of Electrophysics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Amundsena 106, Ekaterinburg, 620016, Russian Federation

A model of the phenomenon of explosive electron emission based on its similarity to the electrical explosion of conductors is presented. With this model, the microexplosive processes occurring on a cathode surface due to the action of the explosive emission current have been simulated. The simulation results have been used to analyze explosive emission processes caused by the operation of unipolar arcs in thermonuclear reactors with magnetic plasma confinement and by the initiation of radiofrequency vacuum breakdowns in the accelerating structures of linear electron—positron colliders. The structure of the arc discharge cathode spot and the erosion characteristics have been investigated for nanostructured tungsten (W-fuzz) surfaces formed in thermonuclear reactors with magnetic plasma confinement. For radiofrequency vacuum breakdowns, the initiating parameters have been estimated, and prebreakdown and microexplosive processes have been simulated.

Correspondence should be addressed to
Keywords: pulsed vacuum breakdown, explosive electron emission, unipolar arc, cathode spot, field emission, radiofrequency vacuum breakdown
PACS: 52.40.Hf, 52.80.Vp, 79.70.+q (all)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2022.02.039163
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2023/7/d/
Web of Science

001097028100004
Scopus

2-s2.0-85182877942
ADS NASA

2023PhyU...66..704B
Citation: Barengolts S A, Mesyats G A "Explosive emission processes in thermonuclear facilities with magnetic plasma confinement and in linear electron—positron colliders" Phys. Usp. 66 704–721 (2023)

BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Received: 25th, January 2022, accepted: 28th, February 2022

Оригинал: Баренгольц С А, Месяц Г А «Взрывоэмиссионные процессы в термоядерных установках с магнитным удержанием плазмы и линейных электрон-позитронных коллайдерах» УФН 193 751–769 (2023); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2022.02.039163

References (112) Cited by (8) Similar articles (20) ↓

M.D. Gabovich “Liquid-metal ion emitters” Sov. Phys. Usp. 26 447–455 (1983)
G.A. Mesyats “Electron emission from ferroelectric plasma cathodes” Phys. Usp. 51 79–100 (2008)
V.I. Krauz, Yu.V. Martynenko et al “Nanostructures in controlled thermonuclear fusion devices” Phys. Usp. 53 1015–1038 (2010)
N.M. Blashenkov, G.Ya. Lavrent’ev “Surface-ionization field mass-spectrometry studies of nonequilibrium surface ionization” Phys. Usp. 50 53–78 (2007)
M.L. Shmatov “Igniting a microexplosion by a microexplosion and some other controlled thermonuclear fusion scenarios with neutronless reactions” Phys. Usp. 62 70–81 (2019)
A.S. Bugaev, P.A. Eroshkin et al “Low-power X-ray tubes: the current status” Phys. Usp. 56 691–703 (2013)
P. Mazarov, V.G. Dudnikov, A.B. Tolstoguzov “Electrohydrodynamic emitters of ion beams” Phys. Usp. 63 1219–1255 (2020)
A.A. Ivanov, V.V. Prikhodko “Gas dynamic trap: experimental results and future prospects” Phys. Usp. 60 509–533 (2017)
M.N. Achasov, V.E. Blinov et al “Experiments at the Super Charm-Tau factory” Phys. Usp. 67 55–70 (2024)
M.V. Dorokhin, M.V. Ved’ et al “Magnetically controlled spin light-emitting diode” Phys. Usp. 68 512–524 (2025)
E.Z. Gusakov, A.Yu. Popov “Low-power-threshold parametric decay instabilities of powerful microwave beams in toroidal fusion devices” Phys. Usp. 63 365–387 (2020)
E.Z. Gusakov, A.Yu. Popov “Scattering theory of strongly refracting microwaves in turbulent inhomogeneous plasma. Applications of the theory to the description of fluctuation reflectometry in thermonuclear fusion devices” Phys. Usp. 63 1114–1139 (2020)
E.B. Levichev “Low emittance electron storage rings” Phys. Usp. 61 29–51 (2018)
R.Z. Bakhtizin, T. Hashizume et al “Scanning tunneling microscopy of fullerenes on metal and semiconductor surfaces” Phys. Usp. 40 275–290 (1997)
A.E. Luk’yanov, G.V. Spivak, R.S. Gvozdover “Mirror electron microscopy” Sov. Phys. Usp. 16 529–552 (1974)
D.A. Zolotov, V.E. Asadchikov et al “New approaches to three-dimensional dislocation reconstruction in silicon from X-ray topo-tomography data” Phys. Usp. 66 943–950 (2023)
I.G. Dyachkova, D.A. Zolotov et al “Potential of the microwave method for the activation of carbon materials in comparison with the traditional thermal method” Phys. Usp. 66 1248–1257 (2023)
Yu.A. Budanov, V.P. Golubkov et al “Ion linear accelerators with high-frequency quadrupole focusing” Phys. Usp. 68 1029–1041 (2025)
E.N. Ragozin, E.A. Vishnyakov et al “Soft X-ray spectrometers based on aperiodic reflection gratings and their application” Phys. Usp. 64 495–514 (2021)
N.A. Grigoryeva, E.A. Kravtsov, S.V. Grigoriev “Time-of-flight neutron reflectometers at the compact neutron sources for industrial applications” Phys. Usp. 69 (9) (2026)

The list is formed automatically.