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Orientational order in polymer surface layersa St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya naberezhnaya, 7 - 9, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation b State Research Institute for Highly Pure Biomaterials, ul. Pudozhskaya 7, St. Petersburg, 197110, Russian Federation The most important data from birefringence measurements on the structure, optical anisotropy, and formation kinetics of polymer surface layers are reviewed.
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