Issues

 / 

1988

 / 

April

  

Reviews of topical problems


Open-ended traps

The open-ended trap is one of the installations used for the magnetic confinement of thermonuclear plasma. Open-ended traps have a number of important advantages as compared with other confinement systems: they are attractive from the engineering point of view, their magnetic field is efficiently used to confine the plasma, they can be operated under steady-state conditions, and there is no particular problem with removing thermonuclear reaction products and heavy impurities from the plasma. At the same time, it has long been considered that the open-ended trap has a doubtful future as a basis for a thermonuclear reactor because of the relatively high rate of loss of plasma along the magnetic lines of force. The situation has changed for the better during the last decade, and a number of improved traps, that are largely free from this defect, has been proposed. This review examines the physical principles of open-ended traps (ambipolar, centrifugal, multimirror, gas-dynamic, and so on), the present state of research into these systems, and their future prospects. The use of open-ended traps as high-flux generators of 14-MeV neutrons is also discussed.

Fulltext pdf (1 MB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1988v031n04ABEH005747
PACS: 52.55.Jd, 52.55.Lf, 52.35.Py, 52.25.Vy, 28.52.−s (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU1988v031n04ABEH005747
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1988/4/b/
Citation: Ryutov D D "Open-ended traps" Sov. Phys. Usp. 31 300–327 (1988)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Îðèãèíàë: Ðþòîâ Ä Ä «Îòêðûòûå ëîâóøêè» ÓÔÍ 154 565–614 (1988); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0154.198804b.0565

References (97) Cited by (79) Similar articles (20) ↓

  1. A.I. Morozov, V.V. Savel’ev “On Galateas — magnetic traps with plasma-embedded conductorsPhys. Usp. 41 1049–1089 (1998)
  2. M.S. Ioffe, B.B. Kadomtsev “Plasma containment in adiabatic trapsSov. Phys. Usp. 13 225–246 (1970)
  3. L.A. Artsimovich “Research on controlled thermonuclear reactions in the U.S.S.R.Sov. Phys. Usp. 1 191–207 (1958)
  4. L.A. Artsimovich “The prospects of investigations of the problem of controlled nuclear fusionSov. Phys. Usp. 10 117–126 (1967)
  5. I.M. Podgornyi “Confinement of high-density plasma in adiabatic trapsSov. Phys. Usp. 8 39–51 (1965)
  6. S.S. Gershtein, Yu.V. Petrov, L.I. Ponomarev “Muon catalysis and nuclear breedingSov. Phys. Usp. 33 (8) 591–615 (1990)
  7. D.A. Dolgolenko, Yu.A. Muromkin “On separation of mixtures of chemical elements in plasmaPhys. Usp. 60 994–1017 (2017)
  8. A.V. Timofeev “Cyclotron oscillations of plasma in an inhomogeneous magnetic fieldSov. Phys. Usp. 16 445–458 (1974)
  9. S.M. Osovets “Dynamic methods of confinement and stabilization of hot plasmaSov. Phys. Usp. 17 239–262 (1974)
  10. B.B. Kadomtsev “Plasma instability and controlled thermonuclear reactionsSov. Phys. Usp. 10 127–130 (1967)
  11. B.E. Meierovich “Toward the realization of electromagnetic collapseSov. Phys. Usp. 29 506–529 (1986)
  12. L.M. Kovrizhnykh, S.V. Shchepetov “Present state of the theory of the MHD equilibrium and stability of stellarator plasmasSov. Phys. Usp. 29 343–363 (1986)
  13. S.I. Anisimov, A.M. Prokhorov, V.E. Fortov “Application of high-power lasers to study matter at ultrahigh pressuresSov. Phys. Usp. 27 181–205 (1984)
  14. V.V. Arsenin, V.A. Chuyanov “Suppression of plasma instabilities by the feedback methodSov. Phys. Usp. 20 736–762 (1977)
  15. L.M. Gorbunov “Hydrodynamics of plasma in a strong high-frequency fieldSov. Phys. Usp. 16 217–235 (1973)
  16. V.P. Silin “Anomalous nonlinear dissipation of high-frequency radio waves in plasmaSov. Phys. Usp. 15 742–758 (1973)
  17. A.V. Timofeev “Oscillations of inhomogeneous flows of plasma and liquidsSov. Phys. Usp. 13 632–646 (1971)
  18. L.A. Artsimovich “Present state of research in controlled thermonuclear reactionsSov. Phys. Usp. 5 1–6 (1962)
  19. M.I. Podgoretskii, O.A. Khrustalev “Interference effects in quantum transitionsSov. Phys. Usp. 6 682–700 (1964)
  20. A.M. Bykov, I.N. Toptygin “Particle kinetics in highly turbulent plasmas (renormalization and self-consistent field methods)Phys. Usp. 36 (11) 1020–1052 (1993)

The list is formed automatically.

© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions