P.N. Melentiev^†^a, A.S. Kalmykov^a, A.S. Gritchenko^a, M.P. Shemeteva^a, A.M. Safonova^a, M.S. Markov^a, V.I. Balykin^a, A.S. Bukatin^b, N.V. Vaulin^b, D.A. Belov^b, A.A. Evstrapov^b, D.A. Baklykov^c, A.V. Andriyash^c, A.A. Barbasheva^d, A.K. Kuguk^d, V.V. Ryzhkov^d, I.A. Rodionov^d, D.S. Kudryavtsev^e, V.A. Mozhaeva^e, L.V. Son^e, V.I. Tsetlin^e, B.N. Khlebtsov^f, M.S. Kobzev^g, Yu.O. Kuznetsova^g, B.T. Sharipov^g, A.S. Yashkin^g, Ya.I. Alekseev^b, g
^aInstitute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Fizicheskaya 5, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840, Russian Federation
^bInstitute of Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrodvorets, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
^cDukhov Research Institute of Automatics, ul. Sushchevskaya 22, Moscow, 119017, Russian Federation
^dBauman Moscow State Technical University, ul. 2-ya Baumanskaya 5/1, Moscow, 105005, Russian Federation
^eShemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
^fInstitute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prosp. Entuziastov 13, Saratov, 410049, Russian Federation
^gSyntol Ltd., Timiryazevskaya str. 42, Bldg B, room 316, Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation

A brief overview of the state of the art in optical methods for detecting a single molecule in biomedical applications is presented. It is shown that the registration of fluorescence of single dye molecules covalently bound to antibodies (biomolecules), together with the use of modern nanophotonics methods, can be used to solve various problems in biology and medicine: visualization of biomolecules, toxins, and virus particles; determination of extremely low concentrations of analytes directly in a sample without using methods for increasing the analyte concentration; and optical single-molecule sequencing of DNA molecules. The existing physical limitations of the methods of optical detection and counting of single molecules and their impact on solving existing problems in biology, medicine, and genetics are discussed.

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Keywords: nanophotonics, nanoplasmonics, sensorics of ultra-low concentrations of analytes, detection of single molecules, biovisual„ization, zero-mode waveguides, single-molecule sequencing
PACS: 07.60.−j, 32.50.+d, 87.64.−t (all)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2024.07.039720
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2024/11/c/
Citation: Melentiev P N, Kalmykov A S, Gritchenko A S, Shemeteva M P, Safonova A M, Markov M S, Balykin V I, Bukatin A S, Vaulin N V, Belov D A, Evstrapov A A, Baklykov D A, Andriyash A V, Barbasheva A A, Kuguk A K, Ryzhkov V V, Rodionov I A, Kudryavtsev D S, Mozhaeva V A, Son L V, Tsetlin V I, Khlebtsov B N, Kobzev M S, Kuznetsova Yu O, Sharipov B T, Yashkin A S, Alekseev Ya I "Optical methods for detection of single biomolecules: visualization, sensorics, sequencing of DNA molecules" Phys. Usp. 67 (11) (2024)

Received: 13th, March 2024, revised: 16th, July 2024, accepted: 17th, July 2024

Оригинал: Мелентьев П Н, Калмыков А С, Гритченко А С, Шеметева М П, Сафонова А М, Марков М С, Балыкин В И, Букатин А С, Ваулин Н В, Белов Д А, Евстрапов А А, Баклыков Д А, Андрияш А В, Барбашева А А, Кугук А К, Рыжков В В, Родионов И А, Кудрявцев Д С, Можаева В А, Сон Л В, Цетлин В И, Хлебцов Б Н, Кобзев М С, Кузнецова Ю О, Шарипов Б Т, Яшкин А С, Алексеев Я И «Оптические методы детектирования единичных биомолекул: визуализация, сенсорика, секвенирование молекул ДНК» УФН 194 1130–1145 (2024); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2024.07.039720