It is shown that one of the significant results of human creativity in the 21st century has been the creation of android robots equipped with artificial intelligence. The level of perfection of these robots is becoming so high that it will soon be impossible to establish differences between them and living people by their external features and behavior. This leads to a logical fallacy: to equate humans and android robots, assuming that both have consciousness. Today, scientific research has expanded the understanding of the phenomenon of consciousness, but problems with its definition have not disappeared. The article provides evidence that the application of the term consciousness to android robots is a mistake that can lead to serious consequences.

Keywords: virtual models, bioevolution, value of information, hormones and emotions, artificial intelligence systems, android robots PACS: 07.05.Mh, 87.18.−h, 87.85.St (all) DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2022.12.039299 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2023/8/d/ 001112646900004 2-s2.0-85182894169 2023PhyU...66..818I Citation: Ivanitskii G R "Uncertainties in comparing a human and an android robot" Phys. Usp. 66 818–845 (2023) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Received: 11th, May 2022, revised: 5th, December 2022, accepted: 17th, December 2022 Оригинал: Иваницкий Г Р «Неопределённости сравнения человека и андроидного робота» УФН 193 872–901 (2023); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2022.12.039299