RSS feeds
РусскийEnglish
Issue 4, 2024
Volume year page
Issues Authors PACS Subscription For authors

Issues

 / 

2023

 / 

April

←  →

Reviews of topical problems


Attosecond electromagnetic pulses: generation, measurement, and application. Attosecond metrology and spectroscopy

†  a, b, ‡  a, §  c, d
a Federal Research Center A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Ulyanova 46, Nizhny Novgorod, 603000, Russian Federation
b Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod (National Research University), prosp. Gagarina 23, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russian Federation
c Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
d Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutskii per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russian Federation

When intense laser radiation interacts with matter, high-order harmonic generation (HHG) takes place; recent achievements in this area were reported by the authors in a review [V V Strelkov et al. Phys. Usp. 59 425 (2016)]. Under certain conditions, the phases of the harmonics can be synchronized in such a way that, adding up, the fields of the harmonics form attosecond ultraviolet (or X-ray) pulses. In this review, we address the generation of a train of attosecond pulses and a single attosecond pulse from a group of high-order harmonics. The problem of measuring the duration of attosecond pulses required both a serious modernization of the measurement methods known in femtosecond optics and the development of fundamentally new approaches. This review describes the main methods for measuring attosecond pulses that have been successfully demonstrated to date. Finally, the use of such pulses to probe the dynamics of electronic processes in matter and to control such processes at attosecond times is discussed.

Fulltext pdf (741 KB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2021.10.039078
Keywords: attosecond ultraviolet and X-ray pulses, high-order harmonic generation, interaction of intense laser radiation with matter, phase matching, attosecond metrology, time-resolved nonlinear spectroscopy
PACS: 42.65.Ky, 42.65.Re, 52.38.−r (all)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2021.10.039078
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2023/4/b/
001099929700003
2-s2.0-85182899469
2023PhyU...66..360R
Citation: Ryabikin M Yu, Emelin M Yu, Strelkov V V "Attosecond electromagnetic pulses: generation, measurement, and application. Attosecond metrology and spectroscopy" Phys. Usp. 66 360–380 (2023)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Received: 30th, July 2021, 14th, October 2021

Оригинал: Рябикин М Ю, Емелин М Ю, Стрелков В В «Аттосекундные электромагнитные импульсы: генерация, измерение и применение. Аттосекундная метрология и спектроскопия» УФН 193 382–405 (2023); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2021.10.039078

References (263) ↓ Cited by (15) Similar articles (20)

  1. Strelkov V V et al Phys. Usp. 59 425 (2016); Strelkov V V et al Usp. Fiz. Nauk 186 449 (2016)
  2. Chang Z Fundamentals Of Attosecond Optics (Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2011)
  3. Farkas Gy, Tóth Cs Phys. Lett. A 68 447 (1992)
  4. Antoine Ph, L’Huillier A, Lewenstein M Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 1234 (1996)
  5. Platonenko V T, Strelkov V V Quantum Electron. 27 779 (1997); Platonenko V T, Strelkov V V Kvantovaya Electron. 24 799 (1997)
  6. Korzhimanov A V et al Phys. Usp. 54 9 (2011); Korzhimanov A V et al Usp. Fiz. Nauk 181 9 (2011)
  7. Wheeler J A et al Nat. Photon. 6 829 (2012)
  8. Corkum P B Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 1994 (1993)
  9. Lewenstein M et al Phys. Rev. A 49 2117 (1994)
  10. Kan C et al Phys. Rev. A 52 R4336 (1995)
  11. Gaarde M B et al Phys. Rev. A 59 1367 (1999)
  12. Khokhlova M A, Strelkov V V Phys. Rev. A 93 043416 (2016)
  13. Salières P, L’Huillier A, Lewenstein M Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 3776 (1995)
  14. Balcou Ph et al Phys. Rev. A 55 3204 (1997)
  15. Paul P M et al Science 292 1689 (2001)
  16. Mairesse Y et al Science 302 1540 (2003)
  17. Tzallas P et al Nature 426 267 (2003)
  18. Agostini P, DiMauro L F Rep. Prog. Phys. 67 813 (2004)
  19. Scrinzi A et al J. Phys. B 39 R1 (2006)
  20. Frumker E et al Opt. Express 20 13878 (2012)
  21. Quintard L et al Sci. Adv. 5 eaau7175 (2019)
  22. Veyrinas K et al Opt. Express 29 29813 (2021)
  23. Platonenko V T, Strelkov V V J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16 435 (1999)
  24. Platonenko V T, Strelkov V V, Ignatovich F V Quantum Electron. 29 601 (1999); Platonenko V T, Strelkov V V, Ignatovich F V Kvantovaya Electron. 28 43 (1999)
  25. Bellini M et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 297 (1998)
  26. López-Martens R et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 033001 (2005)
  27. Kim K T et al Phys. Rev. A 69 051805 (2004)
  28. Gustafsson E et al Opt. Lett. 32 1353 (2007)
  29. Hentschel M et al Nature 414 509 (2001)
  30. Goulielmakis E et al Science 320 1614 (2008)
  31. Morlens A-S et al Opt. Lett. 30 1554 (2005)
  32. Kim K T et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 223904 (2007)
  33. Ko D H et al New J. Phys. 12 063008 (2010)
  34. Zheng Y et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 043904 (2009)
  35. Kohler M C, Keitel C H, Hatsagortsyan K Z Opt. Express 19 4411 (2011)
  36. Brabec Th, Krausz F Rev. Mod. Phys. 72 545 (2000)
  37. Paulus G G et al Nature 414 182 (2001)
  38. Baltuška A et al Nature 421 611 (2003)
  39. Liu X et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 263001 (2004)
  40. Milošević D B et al J. Phys. B 39 R203 (2006)
  41. Kling M F et al Science 312 246 (2006)
  42. Kreß M et al Nat. Phys. 2 327 (2006)
  43. Silaev A A, Vvedenskii N V Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 115005 (2009)
  44. Nerush E N, Kostyukov I Yu Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 035001 (2009)
  45. Schiffrin A et al Nature 493 70 (2013)
  46. Kübel M et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 193001 (2016)
  47. Christov I P, Murnane M M, Kapteyn H C Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 1251 (1997)
  48. de Bohan A et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 1837 (1998)
  49. Telle H R et al Appl. Phys. B 69 327 (1999)
  50. Jones D J et al Science 288 635 (2000)
  51. Apolonski A et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 740 (2000)
  52. Baltuška A, Fuji T, Kobayashi T Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 133901 (2002)
  53. Kienberger R et al Nature 427 817 (2004)
  54. Cavalieri A L et al New J. Phys. 9 242 (2007)
  55. Wonisch A et al Appl. Opt. 45 4147 (2006)
  56. Gaumnitz T et al Opt. Express 25 27506 (2017)
  57. Strelkov V V et al Phys. Rev. A 86 013404 (2012)
  58. Sola I J et al Nat. Phys. 2 319 (2006)
  59. Corkum P B, Burnett N H, Ivanov M Y Opt. Lett. 19 1870 (1994)
  60. Strelkov V et al Appl. Phys. B 78 879 (2004)
  61. Strelkov V et al J. Phys. B 38 L161 (2005)
  62. Platonenko V T, Strelkov V V Quantum Electron. 28 749 (1998); Platonenko V T, Strelkov V V Kvantovaya Electron. 25 771 (1998)
  63. Chang Z Phys. Rev. A 70 043802 (2004)
  64. Tcherbakoff O et al Phys. Rev. A 68 043804 (2003)
  65. Sola I J et al Phys. Rev. A 74 013810 (2006)
  66. Strelkov V et al Laser Phys. 15 871 (2005)
  67. Sansone G et al Science 314 443 (2006)
  68. Li J et al Nat. Commun. 8 186 (2017)
  69. Tzallas P et al Nat. Phys. 3 846 (2007)
  70. Skantzakis E et al Opt. Lett. 34 1732 (2009)
  71. Feng X et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 183901 (2009)
  72. Kim K T et al Phys. Rev. A 69 051805 (2004)
  73. Strelkov V V et al J. Phys. B 39 577 (2006)
  74. Pfeifer T et al Opt. Express 15 17120 (2007)
  75. Hergott J-F et al Phys. Rev. A 66 021801 (2002)
  76. Takahashi E, Nabekawa Y, Midorikawa K Opt. Lett. 27 1920 (2002)
  77. Nayak A et al Phys. Rev. A 98 023426 (2018)
  78. Constant E et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 1668 (1999)
  79. Kazamias S et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 193901 (2003)
  80. Strelkov V V, Mével E, Constant E New J. Phys. 10 083040 (2008)
  81. Jullien A et al Appl. Phys. B 93 433 (2008)
  82. Abel M J et al Chem. Phys. 366 9 (2009)
  83. Calegari F et al Multiphoton Processes and Attosecond Physics. Proc. of the 12th Intern. Conf. on Multiphoton Processes, ICOMP12 and the 3rd Intern. Conf. on Attosecond Physics, ATTO3 (Springer Proc. in Physics) Vol. 125 (Eds K Yamanouchi, M Katsumi) (Heidelberg: Springer, 2012) p. 91
  84. Gaarde M B, Schafer K J Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 213901 (2002)
  85. Gaarde M B, Schafer K J Opt. Lett. 31 3188 (2006)
  86. Roos L et al Phys. Rev. A 60 5010 (1999)
  87. Toma E S et al J. Phys. B 32 5843 (1999)
  88. Boutu W et al Phys. Rev. A 84 063406 (2011)
  89. Dubrouil A et al Opt. Lett. 36 2486 (2011)
  90. Treacher D J et al J. Opt. 23 015502 (2021)
  91. Perry M D, Crane J K Phys. Rev. A 48 R4051 (1993)
  92. Watanabe S et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 2692 (1994)
  93. Mauritsson J et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 013001 (2006)
  94. Pfeifer T et al Opt. Lett. 31 975 (2006)
  95. Mashiko H et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 103906 (2008)
  96. Zhao K et al Opt. Lett. 37 3891 (2012)
  97. Bandulet H-C et al Phys. Rev. A 81 013803 (2010)
  98. Kim I J et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 243901 (2005)
  99. Geng J-W et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 193001 (2015)
  100. Emelina A S et al Opt. Express 24 13971 (2016)
  101. Vincenti H, Quéré F Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 113904 (2012)
  102. Akturk S et al J. Opt. 12 093001 (2010)
  103. Vincenti H, Quéré F Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 113904 (2012); see Supplemental Material, http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.113904
  104. Kim K T et al Nat. Photon. 7 651 (2013)
  105. Mashiko H, Suda A, Midorikawa K Opt. Lett. 29 1927 (2004)
  106. Major B et al Optica 8 960 (2021)
  107. Bradley D J, Liddy B, Sleat W E Opt. Commun. 2 391 (1971)
  108. Schelev M Ya, Richardson M C, Alcock A J Appl. Phys. Lett. 18 354 (1971)
  109. Kane D J, Trebino R Opt. Lett. 18 823 (1993)
  110. Trebino R, Kane D J J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 10 1101 (1993)
  111. Iaconis C, Walmsley I A Opt. Lett. 23 792 (1998)
  112. Beck M et al Opt. Lett. 18 2041 (1993)
  113. Walmsley I A, Wong V J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 13 2453 (1996)
  114. Constant E et al Phys. Rev. A 56 3870 (1997)
  115. Isinger M et al Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 377 20170475 (2019)
  116. Véniard V, Taïeb R, Maquet A Phys. Rev. A 54 721 (1996)
  117. Varjú K et al J. Mod. Opt. 52 379 (2005)
  118. Aseyev S A et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 223902 (2003)
  119. Mairesse Y, Quéré F Phys. Rev. A 71 011401 (2005)
  120. Dinu L C et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 063901 (2003)
  121. Kling M F, Vrakking M J J Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 59 463 (2008)
  122. Gallmann L, Cirelli C, Keller U Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 63 447 (2012)
  123. Haessler S et al New J. Phys. 15 013051 (2013)
  124. Strelkov V Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 123901 (2010)
  125. Strelkov V V, Khokhlova M A, Shubin N Yu Phys. Rev. A 89 053833 (2014)
  126. Itatani J et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 173903 (2002)
  127. Kitzler M et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 173904 (2002)
  128. Drescher M et al Science 291 1923 (2001)
  129. Smirnova O, Yakovlev V S, Ivanov M Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 213001 (2005)
  130. Yakovlev V S, Bammer F, Scrinzi A J. Mod. Opt. 52 395 (2005)
  131. Corkum P B, Krausz F Nat. Phys. 3 381 (2007)
  132. Krausz F, Ivanov M Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 163 (2009)
  133. Pfeifer T, Spielmann C, Gerber G Rep. Prog. Phys. 69 443 (2006)
  134. Orfanos I et al APL Photon. 4 080901 (2019)
  135. Kosik E M et al J. Mod. Opt. 52 361 (2005)
  136. Quéré F, Mairesse Y, Itatani J J. Mod. Opt. 52 339 (2005)
  137. Drescher M, Krausz F J. Phys. B 38 S727 (2005)
  138. Schins J M et al J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 13 197 (1996)
  139. Schins J M et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 2180 (1994)
  140. Glover T E et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 2468 (1996)
  141. Bouhal A et al J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 14 950 (1997)
  142. Toma E S et al Phys. Rev. A 62 061801 (2000)
  143. Ge Y Phys. Rev. A 74 015803 (2006)
  144. Goulielmakis E et al Science 305 1267 (2004)
  145. Goulielmakis E et al Science 317 769 (2007)
  146. Wirth A et al Science 334 195 (2011)
  147. Krausz F, Stockman M I Nat. Photon. 8 205 (2014)
  148. Fattahi H et al Optica 1 45 (2014)
  149. Kane D J IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 35 421 (1999)
  150. Gagnon J, Goulielmakis E, Yakovlev V S Appl. Phys. B 92 25 (2008)
  151. Lucchini M et al Opt. Express 23 29502 (2015)
  152. Keathley P D et al New J. Phys. 18 073009 (2016)
  153. Zhao X et al Phys. Rev. A 95 043407 (2017)
  154. White J, Chang Z Opt. Express 27 4799 (2019)
  155. Kim K T et al New J. Phys. 12 083019 (2010)
  156. Chini M et al Opt. Express 18 13006 (2010)
  157. Walmsley I A, Dorrer C Adv. Opt. Photon. 1 308 (2009)
  158. Quéré F et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 073902 (2003)
  159. Cormier E et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 033905 (2005)
  160. Mairesse Y et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 173903 (2005)
  161. Remetter T et al Nat. Phys. 2 323 (2006)
  162. Dudovich N et al Nat. Phys. 2 781 (2006)
  163. Kim K T et al Nat. Phys. 9 159 (2013)
  164. Kim K T, Villeneuve D M, Corkum P B Nat. Photon. 8 187 (2014)
  165. Hoflund M et al Ultrafast Sci. 2021 9797453 (2021)
  166. Kobayashi Y et al Opt. Lett. 23 64 (1998)
  167. Nikolopoulos L et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 113905 (2005)
  168. Nomura Y et al Nat. Phys. 5 124 (2009)
  169. Sekikawa T et al Nature 432 605 (2004)
  170. Tzallas P, Skantzakis E, Charalambidis D J. Phys. B 45 074007 (2012)
  171. Kosuge A et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 263901 (2006)
  172. Nabekawa Y et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 083901 (2006)
  173. Nabekawa Y et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 153904 (2006)
  174. Shimizu T et al Phys. Rev. A 75 033817 (2007)
  175. Takahashi E et al Nat. Commun. 4 2691 (2013)
  176. Sekikawa T et al Opt. Express 16 21922 (2008)
  177. Strelkov V V, Birulia V A, Magunov A I New J. Phys. 20 093025 (2018)
  178. Raz O et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 133902 (2011)
  179. Raz O et al Opt. Express 22 24935 (2014)
  180. Pedatzur O et al Nat. Photon. 13 91 (2019)
  181. Muller H G Appl. Phys. B 17 (2002)
  182. Goulielmakis E et al Nature 466 739 (2010)
  183. Holler M et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 123601 (2011)
  184. Schultze M et al Science 328 1658 (2010)
  185. Drescher M et al Nature 419 803 (2002)
  186. Eisenbud L PhD Thesis (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ., 1948)
  187. Wigner E P Phys. Rev. 98 145 (1955)
  188. Smith F T Phys. Rev. 118 349 (1960)
  189. Dahlström J M, L’Huillier A, Maquet A J. Phys. B 45 183001 (2012)
  190. Ossiander M et al Nat. Phys. 13 280 (2016)
  191. Cavalieri A L et al Nature 449 1029 (2007)
  192. Neppl S et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 087401 (2012)
  193. Mauritsson J et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 053001 (2010)
  194. Klünder K et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 143002 (2011)
  195. Swoboda M et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 103003 (2010)
  196. Haessler S et al Phys. Rev. A 80 011404 (2009)
  197. Caillat J et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 093002 (2011)
  198. Huppert M et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 093001 (2016)
  199. Gruson V et al Science 354 734 (2016)
  200. Busto D et al J. Phys. B 51 044002 (2018)
  201. Wang H et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 143002 (2010)
  202. Wang X et al Appl. Opt. 52 323 (2013)
  203. Beck A R, Neumark D M, Leone S R Chem. Phys. Lett. 624 119 (2015)
  204. Schultze M et al Nature 493 75 (2013)
  205. Loh Z-H, Greene C H, Leone S R Chem. Phys. 350 7 (2008)
  206. Chini M et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 073601 (2012)
  207. Beck A R et al New J. Phys. 16 113016 (2014)
  208. Ott C et al Nature 516 374 (2014)
  209. Bernhardt B et al Phys. Rev. A 89 023408 (2014)
  210. Chen S et al Phys. Rev. A 86 063408 (2012)
  211. Chini M et al Sci. Rep. 3 1105 (2013)
  212. Muller H G, Tip A, van der Wiel M J J. Phys. B 16 L679 (1983)
  213. Cheng Y et al Phys. Rev. A 94 023403 (2016)
  214. Warrick E R et al J. Phys. Chem. A 120 3165 (2016)
  215. Reduzzi M et al J. Phys. B 49 065102 (2016)
  216. Liao C-T et al Phys. Rev. A 95 043427 (2017)
  217. Ren X et al J. Opt. 20 023001 (2018)
  218. Pertot Y et al Science 355 264 (2017)
  219. Attar A R et al Science 356 54 (2017)
  220. Chew A et al Phys. Rev. A 97 031407 (2018)
  221. Saito N et al Optica 6 1542 (2019)
  222. Kleine C et al J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 10 52 (2019)
  223. Smith A D et al J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11 1981 (2020)
  224. Baggesen J C, Lindroth E, Madsen L B Phys. Rev. A 85 013415 (2012)
  225. Uiberacker M et al Nature 446 627 (2007)
  226. Kelkensberg F et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 123005 (2009)
  227. Sansone G et al Nature 465 763 (2010)
  228. Calegari F et al Science 346 336 (2014)
  229. Vacher M et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 083001 (2017)
  230. Arnold C, Vendrell O, Santra R Phys. Rev. A 95 033425 (2017)
  231. Romero E et al Nat. Phys. 10 676 (2014)
  232. Bandrauk A D, Shon N H Phys. Rev. A 66 031401 (2002)
  233. Schafer K J et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 023003 (2004)
  234. Johnsson P et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 013001 (2005)
  235. Biegert J et al Laser Phys. 15 899 (2005)
  236. Heinrich A et al J. Phys. B 39 S275 (2006)
  237. Gademann G et al New J. Phys. 13 033002 (2011)
  238. Johnsson P et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 233001 (2007)
  239. Ranitovic P et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 193008 (2011)
  240. Kelkensberg F et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 043002 (2011)
  241. Siu W et al Phys. Rev. A 84 063412 (2011)
  242. Ranitovic P et al Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111 912 (2014)
  243. Emelina A S, Emelin M Yu, Ryabikin M Yu Quantum Electron. 44 470 (2014); Emelina A S, Emelin M Yu, Ryabikin M Yu Kvantovaya Electron. 44 470 (2014)
  244. Rothhardt J et al Opt. Express 24 18133 (2016)
  245. Furch F J et al Opt. Lett. 42 2945 (2017)
  246. Antonov V A et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 123 243903 (2019)
  247. Fu Y et al Appl. Sci. 8 2451 (2018)
  248. Chang Z OSA Continuum 2 314 (2019)
  249. Galloway B R et al Opt. Express 24 21818 (2016)
  250. Zhai C et al Phys. Rev. A 101 053407 (2020)
  251. Khokhlova M A et al Phys. Rev. A 103 043114 (2021)
  252. Khairulin I R et al Sci. Rep. 12 6204 (2022)
  253. Kubullek M et al Optica 7 35 (2020)
  254. Korobenko A et al Optica 7 1372 (2020)
  255. Neville S P et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 243001 (2018)
  256. Timmers H et al Nat. Commun. 10 3133 (2019)
  257. Zinchenko K S et al Science 371 489 (2021)
  258. Rott F et al Struct. Dyn. 8 034104 (2021)
  259. Pellegrini C, Marinelli A, Reiche S Rev. Mod. Phys. 88 015006 (2016)
  260. Lambert G et al Nat. Phys. 4 296 (2008)
  261. Togashi T et al Opt. Express 19 317 (2011)
  262. Ackermann S et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 114801 (2013)
  263. Young L et al J. Phys. B 51 032003 (2018)
© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions