Solving scientific problems of nuclear power engineering as a source of 'green' energy

S.N. Kalmykov^†^a, b
^aPresidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prospekt, 14, Moscow, 117901, Russian Federation
^bDepartment of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation

A way to prevent adverse global climatic change is to essentially alter the strategy of power generation, which is one of the major sources of greenhouse gases. A task of paramount economic importance is to ensure a balance among various energy sources, depending on the social economical features of a particular region. Major industrial regions cannot develop without highly concentrated energy sources, among which nuclear„ energy is actually the only 'green' one. However, progress in the nuclear power generation industry and an increase in its share in the total power generation both in Russia and worldwide depend on solving challenging scientific and technological problems related to safe processing of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive wastes. An urgent task is to develop a next-generation nuclear power industry based on a combination of thermal- and fast-neutron reactors, recycling of fissile nuclides, deep fractioning of radioactive wastes with subsequent 'afterburning' of long-lived radionuclides, and minimizing deep disposal in geological formations.

Keywords: nuclear power generation industry, recycling of fissile nuclides, balanced nuclear fuel cycle, fractioning of radioactive wastes
PACS: 28.41.Kw, 28.41.Vx, 92.70.Mn (all)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2022.10.039256
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2022/11/h/
Web of Science

001100185900003
Scopus

2-s2.0-85182895008
Citation: Kalmykov S N "Solving scientific problems of nuclear power engineering as a source of 'green' energy" Phys. Usp. 65 1188–1192 (2022)

BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Received: 3rd, October 2022, accepted: 3rd, October 2022

Оригинал: Калмыков С Н «Решение научных задач атомной энергетики как зелёного источника энергии» УФН 192 1275–1279 (2022); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2022.10.039256

References (20) ↓ Similar articles (7)

Kapitza P L "Global problems and energy" Sov. Phys. Usp. 20 547 (1977); Kapitza P L "Global’nye problemy i energiya" Usp. Fiz. Nauk 122 327 (1977)
Zavoiskii E K, Kadomtsev B B, Okun’ L B, Smirnov B M "Man and environment — problems of the future" Sov. Phys. Usp. 20 553 (1977); Zavoiskii E K, Kadomtsev B B, Okun’ L B, Smirnov B M "Chelovek i okruzhayushchaya sreda — problemy budushchego" Usp. Fiz. Nauk 122 337 (1977)
Fortov V E, Makarov A A "Avenues for the innovative development of energeticsthe world andRussia" Phys. Usp. 52 1249 (2009); Fortov V E, Makarov A A "Napravleniya innovatsionnogo razvitiya energetiki mira i Rossii" Usp. Fiz. Nauk 179 1337 (2009)
Coal and Electricity, World Coal Association, London, UK, 2015, https://www.worldcoal.org/coal/uses-coal/coal-electricity
"The costs of decarbonisation: system costs with high shares of nuclear and renewables" NEA No. 7299 (Paris: Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2019)
Du X, Jin X, Zucker N, Kennedy R, Urpelainen J "Transboundary air pollution from coal-fired power generation" J. Environmental Management 270 110862 (2020)
McBride J P, Moore R E, Witherspoon J P, Blanco R E "Radiological Impact of Airborne Effluents of Coal-Fired and Nuclear Power Plants" ORNL-5315 (Oak Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1977)
Purevsuren B, Kim J Sci. Technol. Nucl. Install. 2021 6685385 (2021)
Utsunomiya S, Jensen K A, Keeler G J, Ewing R C Environ. Sci. Technol. 36 4943 (2002)
Myasoedov B F, Kalmykov S N "Nuclear power industry and the environment" Mendeleev Commun. 25 (5) 319 (2015)
Ceyhan M, Lee J S Proc. of the Intern. Conf. on Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors, IAEA, Vienna, Austria, 19-22 June, 2006 (IAEA-CN-144) (Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency, OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, 2006)
"Implications of Partitioning and Transmutation in Radioactive Waste Management" Technical Reports Series No. 435 (Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2004)
Khapersaya A V, Kryukov O V, Ivanov K V "Spent nuclear fuel managementRussia: Status and future development" Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors: Learning from the Past, Enabling the Future, Proc. of the Intern. Conf., Vienna, Austria, 24--28 June 2019 (IAEA-CN-272/53) (Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2020) p. 93-98, Paper ID #25
Fedorov Yu S, Baryshnikov M V, Bibichev B A et al "Multiple recycle of REMIX-fuel based on reprocessed uranium and plutonium mixturethermal reactors" Proc. of GLOBAL 2013: Intern. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Conf., Nuclear Energy at a Crossroads, Salt Lake City, UT, September 29 - October 3, 2013
Sheremetyev A, Koulupaev D "Experience and prospects of spent nuclear fuel reprocessing at Mayak. Management of spent fuel. From nuclear power reactors. Learning from the past, enabling the future" Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors: Learning from the Past, Enabling the Future, Proc. of the Intern. Conf., Vienna, Austria, 24-28 June 2019 (IAEA-CN-272/53) (Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency, 2020) p. 161-166, Paper ID #53
Ponomarev-Stepnoi N N "Two-Component Nuclear Power System with a Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle Based on BN and VVER Reactors" Atom. Energy 120 233 (2016); Ponomarev-Stepnoi N N "Dvukhkomponentnaya yadernaya energeticheskaya sistema s zamknutym yadernym toplivnym tsiklom na osnove BN i VVER" Atom. Energ. 120 (4) 183 (2016)
Adamov E O, Dzhalavyan A V, Lopatkin A V et al "Conceptual framework of a strategy for the development of nuclear powerRussia to 2100" Atom. Energy 112 391 (2012); Adamov E O, Dzhalavyan A V, Lopatkin A V et al "Kontseptual’nye polozheniya strategii razvitiya yadernoi energetiki Rossii v perspektive do 2100 g." Atom. Energ. 112 (6) 319 (2012)
Adamov E O et al Belaya Kniga Yadernoi Energetiki. Zamknutyi YaTTs S Bystrymi Reaktorami (’White Book’ Of Nuclear Power. Closed NFC With Fast-Neutron Reactors, Gen. Ed. E O Adamov) (Moscow: NIKIET, 2020)
Stewart J E, Eccleston G W, Ensslin N, Cremers T L, Foster L A, Menlove H O, Rinard P M LA-UR-96-3690 (Los Alamos, NM: Los Alamos National Lab., 1996)
Ponomarev L I "Ya B Zeldovich and nuclear power" Phys. Usp. 57 215 (2014); Ponomarev L I "Ya B Zeldovich i yadernaya energetika" Usp. Fiz. Nauk 184 227 (2014)