In 1966, K. Greisen, and independently G.T. Zatsepin and V.A. Kuzmin, published evidence for the existence of a relic (GZK) cutoff in the proton energy spectrum of >5× 10¹⁹ eV ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Half a century of experimental ground-based UHECR research has resulted in a large amount of data on energy spectra, anisotropy and mass composition. The first space experiment to measure UHECRs was launched in 2016. This paper discusses the results of and prospects for experimental UHECR research in the light of the proposed theoretical model of GZK cutoff.

Keywords: cosmic rays, extensive air showers PACS: 98.70.Sa DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2017.05.038170 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2018/9/g/ 000452480000007 2-s2.0-85058461577 2018PhyU...61..903P Citation: Panasyuk M I "Greisen—Zatsepin—Kuzmin effect: top—down and bottom—up view" Phys. Usp. 61 903–911 (2018) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Received: 6th, July 2018, accepted: 24th, May 2017 Оригинал: Панасюк М И «Эффект Грейзена—Зацепина—Кузьмина: взгляд сверху и снизу» УФН 188 1000–1009 (2018); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2017.05.038170