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Chiral symmetry and the properties of hadrons in the Generalized Nambu—Jona-Lasinio modela Russian Federation State Scientific Center ‘A.I. Alikhanov Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics’, ul. Bolshaya Cheremushkinskaya 25, Moscow, 117259, Russian Federation b National Research Nuclear University ‘MEPhI’, Kashirskoe shosse 31, Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation c Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutskii per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russian Federation d Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Lisboa, 1049-001, Portugal Various aspects of the Generalized Nambu—Jona-Lasinio model of QCD in four dimensions are reviewed. The properties of mesonic excitations are discussed in detail, with special attention to the chiral pion. The spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in the vacuum and the effective chiral symmetry restoration in the spectrum of highly excited mesons and baryons are described microscopically.
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