A new method for including finite nuclear size effects is suggested to overcome the “Z > 137 catastrophe” encountered in solving the Dirac equation for an electron in the field of a point charge Ze. In this method, the boundary condition for the numerical solution of the equations for the Dirac radial wave functions is taken to be that the components of the electron current density are zero at the boundary of the nucleus. As a result, for all of the nuclei of the periodic table the calculated energy levels practically coincide with those obtained in a standard way from the Dirac equation for a Coulomb point charge potential. For Z > 105, the calculated energy level functions E(Z) prove to be smooth and monotonic. The ground energy level reaches E = −mc² (i.e., the electron drops into the nucleus) at Z_c = 178. The proposed method for accounting for the finite size of nuclei can be useful in numerically calculating the energy levels of many-electron atoms.

PACS: 03.65.Ge, 03.65.Pm, 12.20.−m (all) DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.0184.201402i.0200 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2014/2/i/ 000336162000009 2-s2.0-84900801606 2014PhyU...57..189N Citation: Neznamov V P, Safronov I I "A new method for solving the Z > 137 problem and determining hydrogen-like energy levels" Phys. Usp. 57 189–193 (2014) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Received: 1st, November 2013, accepted: 5th, June 2013 Оригинал: Незнамов В П, Сафронов И И «Новый метод решения проблемы ‘Z > 137’ и определения уровней энергии водородоподобных атомов» УФН 184 200–205 (2014); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0184.201402i.0200