Issues

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1985

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October

  

The centenary of Niels Bohr


Niels Bohr and the physics of the atomic nucleus

 a,
a National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’, pl. akad. Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation

The development of three directions in nuclear physics, originating from three ideas of Niels Bohr, is analyzed: 1) the compound nucleus: is the compound state entirely chemical? what does the energy distribution of neutron resonances imply? ``dynamic intensification'' of weak effects; the role of fluctuations and the description of the kinetics; and, pre-equilibrium processes; 2) collective motions: how the collective and single-particle degrees of freedom coexist with one another; parallel formation of the shell model and the theory of collective oscillations; the generalized model; the problem of the moment of inertia; pair correlations and ``superfluidity'' in the nucleus; giant resonances; and theory of finite Fermi systems; and, 3) the fission process: fission in the liquid drop model and in the generalized model; shell corrections; double-hump fission barriers; fission isomers; nonconservation of parity in fission; and, ``exotic'' asymmetric fission. The emphasis is on the elucidation of the development of physical ideas, so that computational details are omitted.

Fulltext pdf (1.1 MB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1985v028n10ABEH003947
PACS: 21.10.Re, 21.10.Pc, 21.60.Cs, 24.75.+i, 24.10.Ht, 24.30.Cz (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU1985v028n10ABEH003947
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1985/10/b/
Citation: Belyaev S T, Zelevinskii V G "Niels Bohr and the physics of the atomic nucleus" Sov. Phys. Usp. 28 854–878 (1985)
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Îðèãèíàë: Áåëÿåâ Ñ Ò, Çåëåâèíñêèé Â Ã «Íèëüñ Áîð è ôèçèêà àòîìíîãî ÿäðà» ÓÔÍ 147 210–251 (1985); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0147.198510b.0210

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