A shock tube is one of the most versatile and precise instruments for studying the kinetics of high-temperature reactions in gaseous and heterogeneous media. The possibilities of detailed analysis of nonequilibrium processes occurring behind shock waves are completely determined by the use of a variety of modern diagnostic methods. Among such methods, various laser methods occupy a special place. As laser technologies develop, their capabilities are significantly expanded and, accordingly, new methods for their application are developed. This review presents the features of using various passive and active laser methods for studying the kinetics of nonequilibrium processes behind shock waves. Examples of the application of various laser methods are given, illustrating the wide possibilities and rich prospects for studying complex nonequilibrium processes that open up when combining a shock tube with modern laser technology.