Issues

 / 

2025

 / 

February

  

70th anniversary of the birth of V.A. Rubakov. Reviews of topical problems


Physics and phenomenology of large extra dimensions

 ,  , § , * , # , ° , & 
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Leninskie Gory 1 build. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

The history of models of elementary-particle interactions in a spacetime with large extra dimensions is reviewed, and the current state of this approach and its phenomenological implications are considered. The discussion is focused on the stabilized two-brane Randall—Sundrum model — the most interesting one from this perspective — and the most important results it yields. For this model, the connection between the fundamental 5D energy scale and the Planck mass is discussed in detail, as is the isolation of physical degrees of freedom. The interaction of the lowest scalar mode, the radion, and the lowest tensor modes with Standard Model fields is analyzed. The stability of the model with respect to quantum corrections is discussed.

Fulltext pdf (927 KB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2024.12.039820
Correspondence should be addressed to  boos@theory.sinp.msu.ru,  bunichev@theory.sinp.msu.ru, § volobuev@theory.sinp.msu.ru, * egorov@theory.sinp.msu.ru, # errar@mail.ru, ° rahmetov@theory.sinp.msu.ru, and & smolyakov@theory.sinp.msu.ru
Keywords: extra spacetime dimensions, large extra dimensions, field theory, Randall—Sundrum model, brane world
PACS: 03.70.+k, 04.50.−h (all)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2024.12.039820
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2025/2/b/
Citation: Boos E E, Bunichev V E, Volobuev I P, Egorov V O, Keizerov S I, Rakhmetov E R, Smolyakov M N "Physics and phenomenology of large extra dimensions" Phys. Usp. 68 111–145 (2025)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Received: 29th, October 2024, revised: 26th, November 2024, 2nd, December 2024

Оригинал: Боос Э Э, Буничев В Е, Волобуев И П, Егоров В О, Кейзеров С И, Рахметов Э Р, Смоляков М Н «Физика и феноменология больших дополнительных измерений» УФН 195 116–153 (2025); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2024.12.039820

References (122) ↓ Cited by (1) Similar articles (3)

  1. Nordström G Phys. Z. 15 504 (1914); Nordström G physics/0702221
  2. Kaluza Th Sitzungsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 966 (1921); Translated into English, Kaluza Th Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 27 1870001 (2018); Kaluza Th arXiv:1803.08616; Translated into Russian, Kaluza Th Albert Einstein I Teoriya Gravitatsii (Albert Einstein And The Theory Of Gravity, Ed. E S Kuranskii) (Moscow: Mir, 1979) p. 529
  3. Klein O Z. Phys. 37 895 (1926); Klein O Surv. High Energy Phys. 5 241 (1986)
  4. Klein O Nature 118 516 (1926)
  5. Translated into Russian, Einstein A, Bargmann V, Bergmann P G Theodore Von Kármán Anniversary Volume. Contributions To Applied Mechanics And Related Subjects (Pasadena, CA: California Institute of Technology, 1941) p. 212; Translated into Russian, Einstein A, Bargmann V, Bergmann P G Albert Einstein. Sobranie Nauchnykh Trudov (Albert Einstein. Collected Scientific Papers) Vol. 2 Raboty Po Teorii Otnositel’nosti 1921-1955 (Works On The Theory Of Relativity 1921-1955, Eds I E Tamm, Ya A Smorodinskii, B G Kuznetsov) (Moscow: Nauka, 1966) p. 543
  6. Wess J, Bagger J Supersymmetry And Supergravity (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 1983); Translated into Russian, Wess J, Bagger J Supersimmetriya I Supergravitatsiya (Moscow: Mir, 1986)
  7. Schwarz J H Phys. Rep. 89 223 (1982)
  8. Hořava P, Witten E Nucl. Phys. B 460 506 (1996); Hořava P, Witten E hep-th/9510209
  9. Lukas A et al Phys. Rev. D 59 086001 (1999); Lukas A et al hep-th/9803235
  10. Witten E Nucl. Phys. B 471 135 (1996)
  11. Rubakov V A, Shaposhnikov M E Phys. Lett. B 125 136 (1983)
  12. Rubakov V A Phys. Usp. 44 871 (2001); Rubakov V A Usp. Fiz. Nauk 171 913 (2001)
  13. Barnaveli A T, Kancheli O V Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 52 576 (1990); Barnaveli A T, Kancheli O V Yad. Fiz. 52 905 (1990)
  14. Kehagias A, Tamvakis K Phys. Lett. B 504 38 (2001)
  15. Shaposhnikov M, Tinyakov P Phys. Lett. B 515 442 (2001)
  16. Smolyakov M N Phys. Rev. D 85 045036 (2012); Smolyakov M N Phys. Rev. D 87 029901 (2013), erratum; Smolyakov M N arXiv:1111.1366
  17. Smolyakov M N Phys. Rev. D 87 104035 (2013); Smolyakov M N arXiv:1210.7978
  18. Arkani-Hamed N, Dimopoulos S, Dvali G Phys. Lett. B 429 263 (1998)
  19. Arkani-Hamed N, Dimopoulos S, Dvali G Phys. Rev. D 59 086004 (1999)
  20. Randall L, Sundrum R Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 3370 (1999)
  21. Landau L D, Lifshitz E M The Classical Theory Of Fields (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1975); Translated from Russian, Landau L D, Lifshitz E M Teoriya Polya (Moscow: Nauka, 1973)
  22. Boos E E et al Nucl. Phys. B 717 19 (2005); Boos E E et al hep-th/0412204
  23. Boos E E et al Class. Quantum Grav. 19 4591 (2002)
  24. Charmousis C, Gregory R, Rubakov V A Phys. Rev. D 62 067505 (2000); Charmousis C, Gregory R, Rubakov V A hep-th/9912160
  25. Goldberger W D, Wise M B Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 4922 (1999)
  26. DeWolfe O et al Phys. Rev. D 62 046008 (2000)
  27. Vecchi L J. High Energy Phys. 2011 (11) 102 (2011); Vecchi L arXiv:1012.3742
  28. Geller M, Bar-Shalom S, Soni A Phys. Rev. D 89 095015 (2014); Geller M, Bar-Shalom S, Soni A arXiv:1312.3331
  29. Pomarol A Phys. Lett. B 486 153 (2000); Pomarol A hep-ph/9911294
  30. Davoudiasl H, Hewett J L, Rizzo T G Phys. Lett. B 473 43 (2000); Davoudiasl H, Hewett J L, Rizzo T G hep-ph/9911262
  31. Chang S et al Phys. Rev. D 62 084025 (2000); Chang S et al hep-ph/9912498
  32. Gherghetta T, Pomarol A Nucl. Phys. B 586 141 (2000); Gherghetta T, Pomarol A hep-ph/0003129
  33. Djouadi A, Moreau G, Singh R K Nucl. Phys. B 797 1 (2008); Djouadi A, Moreau G, Singh R K arXiv:0706.4191
  34. Allanach B C et al J. High Energy Phys. 2010 (03) 014 (2010); Allanach B C et al arXiv:0910.1350
  35. Agashe K, Perez G, Soni A Phys. Rev. D 75 015002 (2007); Agashe K, Perez G, Soni A hep-ph/0606293
  36. Agashe K et al Phys. Rev. D 76 036006 (2007); Agashe K et al hep-ph/0701186
  37. Fitzpatrick L et al J. High Energy Phys. 2007 (09) 013 (2007); Fitzpatrick L et al hep-ph/0701150
  38. Lillie B, Randall L, Wang L T J. High Energy Phys. 2007 (09) 074 (2007); Lillie B, Randall L, Wang L T hep-ph/0701166
  39. Agashe K et al Phys. Rev. D 77 015003 (2008); Agashe K et al hep-ph/0612015
  40. Burdman G et al Phys. Rev. D 79 075026 (2009); Burdman G et al arXiv:0812.0368
  41. Agashe K et al arXiv:1309.7847
  42. Rizzo T G J. High Energy Phys. 2007 (05) 037 (2007)
  43. Accomando E et al Phys. Rev. D 79 055020 (2009); Accomando E et al arXiv:0807.5051
  44. Accomando E et al Phys. Rev. D 83 015012 (2011); Accomando E et al arXiv:1010.0171
  45. Accomando E et al Phys. Rev. D 84 115014 (2011); Accomando E et al arXiv:1107.4087
  46. Accomando E et al Phys. Rev. D 85 115017 (2012); Accomando E et al arXiv:1110.0713
  47. Boos E E et al Phys. Part. Nucl. 43 42 (2012); Boos E E et al Fiz. Elem. Chast. At. Yad. 43 82 (2012)
  48. Boos E E et al Theor. Math. Phys. 131 629 (2002); Boos E E et al Teor. Matem. Fiz. 131 216 (2002)
  49. Kisselev A V Phys. Rev. D 73 024007 (2006)
  50. Kisselev A V Phys. Rev. D 88 095012 (2013)
  51. Boos E E et al Mod. Phys. Lett. A 21 1431 (2006); Boos E E et al hep-th/0511185
  52. Volobuev I P, Keizerov S I, Rakhmetov E R Theor. Math. Phys. 205 1318 (2020); Volobuev I P, Keizerov S I, Rakhmetov E R Teor. Matem. Fiz. 205 84 (2020)
  53. Sirunyan A M et al (CMS Collab.) J. High Energy Phys. 2021 208 (2021); Sirunyan A M et al (CMS Collab.) arXiv:2103.02708
  54. Aad G et al (ATLAS Collab.) Phys. Lett. B 822 136651 (2021); Aad G et al (ATLAS Collab.) arXiv:2102.13405
  55. Aad G et al (ATLAS Collab.) Phys. Rev. D 102 112008 (2020); Aad G et al (ATLAS Collab.) arXiv:2007.05293
  56. Sirunyan A M et al (CMS Collab.) Eur. Phys. J. C 81 688 (2021); Sirunyan A M et al (CMS Collab.) arXiv:2102.08198
  57. Boos E E et al J. High Energy Phys. 2014 (06) 160 (2014); Boos E E et al arXiv:1311.5968
  58. Weinberg S Physica A 96 327 (1979)
  59. Buchmüller W, Wyler D Nucl. Phys. B 268 621 (1986)
  60. Burgess C P, London D Phys. Rev. D 48 4337 (1993); Burgess C P, London D hep-ph/9203216
  61. Burgess C P et al Phys. Rev. D 49 6115 (1994); Burgess C P et al hep-ph/9312291
  62. Whisnant K et al Phys. Rev. D 56 467 (1997); Whisnant K et al hep-ph/9702305
  63. Yang J M, Young B-L Phys. Rev. D 56 5907 (1997); Yang J M, Young B-L hep-ph/9703463
  64. Boos E, Dudko L, Ohl T Eur. Phys. J. C 11 473 (1999); Boos E, Dudko L, Ohl T hep-ph/9903215
  65. Ferreira P M, Santos R Phys. Rev. D 74 014006 (2006); Ferreira P M, Santos R hep-ph/0604144
  66. Boos E E et al Theor. Math. Phys. 149 1591 (2006); Boos E E et al Teor. Matem. Fiz. 149 339 (2006)
  67. Davoudiasl H, Hewett J L, Rizzo T G Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 2080 (2000); Davoudiasl H, Hewett J L, Rizzo T G hep-ph/9909255
  68. Boos E et al Phys. Rev. D 90 095026 (2014); Boos E et al arXiv:1409.2796
  69. Boos E E et al Phys. Atom. Nucl. 78 1484 (2015); Translated from Russian, Boos E E et al Yad. Fiz. Inzhiniring 5 741 (2014)
  70. Boos E et al Phys. Rev. D 94 024047 (2016)
  71. Boos E E et al Phys. Part. Nucl. 48 745 (2017); Boos E E et al Fiz. Elem. Chast. At. Yad. 48 627 (2017)
  72. Giudice G F, Rattazzi R, Wells J D Nucl. Phys. B 595 250 (2001); Giudice G F, Rattazzi R, Wells J D hep-ph/0002178
  73. Csáki C, Graesser M L, Kribs G D Phys. Rev. D 63 065002 (2001); Csáki C, Graesser M L, Kribs G D hep-th/0008151
  74. Aad G et al (ATLAS Collab.) Phys. Lett. B 716 1 (2012); Aad G et al (ATLAS Collab.) arXiv:1207.7214
  75. Chatrchyan S et al (CMS Collab.) Phys. Lett. B 716 30 (2012); Chatrchyan S et al (CMS Collab.) arXiv:1207.7235
  76. Chacko Z, Franceschini R, Mishra R K J. High Energy Phys. 2013 (04) 015 (2013); Chacko Z, Franceschini R, Mishra R K arXiv:1209.3259
  77. Chacko Z, Mishra R K, Stolarski D J. High Energy Phys. 2013 121 (2013); Chacko Z, Mishra R K, Stolarski D arXiv:1304.1795
  78. Kubota H, Nojiri M Phys. Rev. D 87 076011 (2013); Kubota H, Nojiri M arXiv:1207.0621
  79. Cho G-C, Nomura D, Ohno Y Mod. Phys. Lett. A 28 1350148 (2013); Cho G-C, Nomura D, Ohno Y arXiv:1305.4431
  80. Desai N, Maitra U, Mukhopadhyaya B J. High Energy Phys. 2013 (10) 093 (2013); Desai N, Maitra U, Mukhopadhyaya B arXiv:1307.3765
  81. Cox P et al J. High Energy Phys. 2014 (02) 032 (2014); Cox P et al arXiv:1311.3663
  82. Jung D-W, Ko P Phys. Lett. B 732 364 (2014); Jung D-W, Ko P arXiv:1401.5586
  83. Bhattacharya S et al Phys. Rev. D 91 016008 (2015); Bhattacharya S et al arXiv:1410.0396
  84. Davoudiasl H, Hewett J L, Rizzo T G J. High Energy Phys. 2003 (08) 034 (2003); Davoudiasl H, Hewett J L, Rizzo T G hep-ph/0305086
  85. Boos E E et al Phys. Rev. D 92 095010 (2015); Boos E E et al arXiv:1505.05892
  86. Volobuev I PoS QFTHEP2011 054 (2012)
  87. Godunov S I et al Eur. Phys. J. C 76 1 (2016); Godunov S I et al arXiv:1503.01618
  88. Robens T, Stefaniak T Eur. Phys. J. C 75 104 (2015); Robens T, Stefaniak T arXiv:1501.02234
  89. Boos E et al (CompHEP Collab.) Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A 534 250 (2004); Boos E et al (CompHEP Collab.) hep-ph/0403113
  90. Boos E E et al PoS ACAT2008 008 (2008); Boos E E et al arXiv:0901.4757
  91. Boos E E, Bunichev V, Dubinin M PoS QFTHEP2013 015 (2013)
  92. Boos E E et al Phys. Rev. D 89 035001 (2014); Boos E E et al arXiv:1309.5410
  93. Boos E et al Phys. Lett. B 739 410 (2014); Boos E et al arXiv:1402.4143
  94. Dittmaier S et al (LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group) arXiv:1101.0593; Dittmaier S et al (LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group) CERN-2011-002
  95. Heinemeyer S et al (LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group) arXiv:1307.1347; Heinemeyer S et al (LHC Higgs Cross Section Working Group) CERN-2013-004
  96. Khachatryan V et al (CMS Collab.) Eur. Phys. J. C 75 212 (2015); Khachatryan V et al (CMS Collab.) arXiv:1412.8662
  97. Espinosa J R et al J. High Energy Phys. 2012 (05) 097 (2012); Espinosa J R et al arXiv:1202.3697
  98. Aad G et al (ATLAS Collab.) Eur. Phys. J. C 80 1165 (2020); Aad G et al (ATLAS Collab.) arXiv:2004.14636
  99. Tumasyan A et al (CMS Collab.) Phys. Rev. D 105 032008 (2022); Tumasyan A et al (CMS Collab.) arXiv:2109.06055
  100. Boos E E et al Phys. Rev. D 79 104013 (2009); Boos E E et al arXiv:0710.3100
  101. Hewett J L Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 4765 (1999)
  102. Gupta A K, Mondal N K, Raychaudhuri S hep-ph/9904234
  103. Cheung K, Landsberg G Phys. Rev. D 62 076003 (2000); Cheung K, Landsberg G hep-ph/9909218
  104. Vermaseren J A M Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A 559 1 (2006); Vermaseren J A M math-ph/0010025
  105. Arkani-Hamed N et al Phys. Lett. B 480 193 (2000); Arkani-Hamed N et al hep-th/0001197
  106. Kachru S, Schulz M, Silverstein E Phys. Rev. D 62 085003 (2000); Kachru S, Schulz M, Silverstein E hep-th/0002121
  107. de Alwis S P Nucl. Phys. B 597 263 (2001); de Alwis S P hep-th/0002174
  108. de Alwis S P, Flournoy A T, Irges N J. High Energy Phys. 2001 (01) 027 (2001); de Alwis S P, Flournoy A T, Irges N hep-th/0004125
  109. Förste S et al Phys. Lett. B 481 360 (2000); Förste S et al hep-th/0002164
  110. Csáki C et al Nucl. Phys. B 584 359 (2000); Csáki C et al hep-th/0004133
  111. Smolyakov M N J. High Energy Phys. 2009 (11) 077 (2009)
  112. Birrell N D, Davies P C W Quantum Fields In Curved Space (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1982); Translated into Russian, Birrell N D, Davies P C W Kvantovannye Polya V Iskrivlennom Prostranstve-Vremeni (Moscow: Mir, 1984)
  113. Volobuev I P, Keizerov S I, Rakhmetov E R Moscow Univ. Phys. Bull. 79 156 (2024); Volobuev I P, Keizerov S I, Rakhmetov E R Vestn. Mosk. Univ. Ser. 3 Fiz. Astron. 79 (2) 2420103 (2024)
  114. Grib A A, Mamaev S G, Mostepanenko V M Vakuumnye Kvantovye Effekty V Sil’nykh Polyalkh (Vacuum Quantum Effects In Strong Fields) (Moscow: Energoatomizdat, 1988)
  115. Bordag M et al Advances In The Casimir Effect (International Ser. of Monographs on Physics) Vol. 145 (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2009)
  116. Wald R M Ann. Physics 110 472 (1978)
  117. Sirunyan A M et al (CMS Collab.) J. High Energy Phys. 2019 (04) 114 (2019)
  118. Goldberger W D, Rothstein I Z Phys. Lett. B 491 339 (2000)
  119. Toms D J Phys. Lett. B 484 149 (2000)
  120. Garriga J, Pujolàs O, Tanaka T Nucl. Phys. B 605 192 (2001)
  121. Flachi A, Toms D J Nucl. Phys. B 610 144 (2001)
  122. Chivukula R S et al arXiv:2411.02509

© 1918–2025 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions