New horizons for research on cosmic microwave background

D.I. Novikov^†^a, A.G. Doroshkevich^‡^a, T.I. Larchenkova^§^a, A.M. Malinovsky^*^a, A.O. Mihalchenko^#^a, A.M. Osipova^°^a, b, K.O. Parfenov^&^a, S.V. Pilipenko^a
^aLebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 53, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
^bHSE University, ul. Myasnitskaya 20, Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation

Despite the significant progress achieved since the turn of the century in the study of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), several major problems facing modern observational cosmology remain unsolved. They include proving or disproving the inflationary theory of the evolution of the Universe and its thermal history in the pre-recombination period. The power spectrum of the initial perturbations on small scales also remains unknown. A detailed study of the CMB polarization and its frequency spectrum will shed light on these pressing questions, many of which cannot be answered based on any observations other than those of the CMB. Resolving these problems, as a by-product, will provide new information on the properties of foreground radiation (dust emission, cosmic infrared background, synchrotron radiation, free—free emission, and CO lines) and gravitational lensing. Next-generation experiments aim to address the above-mentioned problems in observational cosmology.

Keywords: cosmic microwave background, CMB polarization, spectral distortions, foreground separation, B-mode
PACS: 07.87.+v, 98.70.Vc, 98.80.Es (all)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2025.08.040006
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2025/10/b/
Citation: Novikov D I, Doroshkevich A G, Larchenkova T I, Malinovsky A M, Mihalchenko A O, Osipova A M, Parfenov K O, Pilipenko S V "New horizons for research on cosmic microwave background" Phys. Usp. 68 987–1000 (2025)

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Received: 12th, January 2025, revised: 14th, August 2025, accepted: 14th, August 2025

Оригинал: Новиков Д И, Дорошкевич А Г, Ларченкова Т И, Малиновский А М, Михальченко А О, Осипова А М, Парфенов К О, Пилипенко С В «Новые горизонты исследований реликтового излучения Вселенной» УФН 195 1047–1061 (2025); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2025.08.040006

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