The review is devoted to exciton polaritons, short-lived Bose particles which are optically excited in semiconductors and form macroscopically coherent states under the conditions of coherent and resonant external driving. Interaction of polaritons results in multistability, spontaneous breaking of spin and spatial symmetries, self-pulsations, and pattern formation. As a result of symmetry breaking, paradoxical 'chimera states' can arise in which ordered and chaotic subsystems coexist and in some way complement each other.

Keywords: polariton, Bose--Einstein condensate, spinor condensate, multistability, spontaneous symmetry breaking, self-pulsations, dynamical chaos, chimera states, self-organization PACS: 03.75.Kk, 05.45.Xt, 05.65.+b, 42.65.Sf, 47.20.Ky, 71.36.+c (all) DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2019.04.038549 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2020/2/b/ 000537855900002 2-s2.0-85085242784 2020PhyU...63..123G Citation: Gavrilov S S "Nonequilibrium transitions, chaos, and chimera states in exciton—polariton systems" Phys. Usp. 63 123–144 (2020) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Received: 6th, September 2018, revised: 3rd, April 2019, accepted: 10th, April 2019 Оригинал: Гаврилов С С «Неравновесные переходы, хаос и химерные состояния в системах экситонных поляритонов» УФН 190 137–159 (2020); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2019.04.038549