Issues

 / 

2019

 / 

February

  

Reviews of topical problems


Ignition and combustion of titanium particles. Experimental methods and results


Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Institutskaya 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation

We have collected and systematized data on patterns and features of ignition and combustion of the titanium in the form of centimeter-size samples and microparticles with dimensions ranging from several units to several hundred micrometers in the form of individual particles, air suspensions, poured and pressed samples. The factors have been identified that affect the temperature and time characteristics of ignition and burning; the structure and dispersion of the formed condensed products, including those in the nanometer size range. We also present a modern paradigm of the mechanism of burning and formulate the issues to be resolved to gain a better understanding of how the metal transforms into oxide.

Fulltext pdf (529 KB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2018.04.038349
Keywords: titanium, particle, ignition, combustion, burning time, fragmentation, dispersion of fragments, phase content, condensed combustion products, morphology, particle size distribution, nanoparticles, spherules, photo catalytic properties, dopants
PACS: 47.70.Fw, 61.82.Bg, 66.30.Ny, 81.20.Ka, 81.20.Rg, 82.20.−w (all)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2018.04.038349
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2019/2/b/
000466030200002
2-s2.0-85067580814
2019PhyU...62..131G
Citation: Glotov O G "Ignition and combustion of titanium particles. Experimental methods and results" Phys. Usp. 62 131–165 (2019)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Received: 9th, January 2018, revised: 23rd, March 2018, 23rd, April 2018

Оригинал: Глотов О Г «Воспламенение и горение частиц титана. Экспериментальные методы исследования и результаты» УФН 189 135–171 (2019); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2018.04.038349

References (194) ↓ Cited by (20) Similar articles (14)

  1. Ivanov B A Bezopasnost’ Primeneniya Materialov v Kontakte s Kislorodom (M.: Khimiya, 1984)
  2. Bulanov V Ya i dr Diagnostika Metallicheskikh Poroshkov (M.: Nauka, 1983) p. 225
  3. Pokhil P F i dr Gorenie Poroshkoobraznykh Metallov v Aktivnykh Sredakh (M.: Nauka, 1972)
  4. Paushkin Ya M, Chulkov A Z (Red.) Raketnye Topliva (M.: Mir, 1975)
  5. Zhukov B P (Red.) Energeticheskie Kondensirovannye Sistemy. Kratkii Entsiklopedicheskii Slovar’ (M.: Yanus-K, 2000)
  6. Yagodnikov D A Vosplamenenie i Gorenie Poroshkoobraznykh Metallov (M.: Izd-vo MGTU im. N.E. Baumana, 2009)
  7. Sarner S F Propellant Chemistry (New York: Reinhold, 1966); Per. na russk. yaz., Sarner S Khimiya Raketnykh Topliv (M.: Mir, 1969)
  8. Shidlovskii A A Osnovy Pirotekhniki (M.: Mashinostroenie, 1973)
  9. Papers Published in the Proc. of the Intern. Pyrotechnics Seminars, Seminars No. 1 (1968) - No. 39 (2013), http://www.intpyrosoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/IPS-TOC-1968-2013.pdf
  10. Vadkhe P P i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 44 (4) 98 (2008); Vadhe P P et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 44 461 (2008)
  11. Poletaev N I, Zolotko A N, Doroshenko Yu A Fizika Goreniya 47 (2) 30 (2011); Poletaev N I, Zolotko A N, Doroshenko Yu A Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 47 153 (2011)
  12. Morokhov I D, Velikhov E P, Volkov Yu M Atomnaya Energiya 44 213 (1978); Morokhov I D, Velikhov E P, Volkov Yu M Sov. Atom. Energy 44 235 (1978)
  13. Kryukov A Yu Adaptatsiya Vnutrikamernykh Protsessov i Elementov Konstruktsii Energoustanovok na Poroshkovom Goryuchem k Tekhnologiyam Polucheniya Ul’tra- i Nanodispersnykh Materialov (Perm’: Izd-vo Permsk. nats. issled. politekh. un-ta, 2012)
  14. Khuang Kh-T i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 49 (5) 39 (2013); Huang H T et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 49 541 (2013)
  15. Merzhanov A G, Sychev A E "O samorasprostranyayushchemsya vysokotemperaturnom sinteze" http://www.ism.ac.ru/handbook/shsfr.htm
  16. Gromov A A i dr Gorenie Nanoporoshkov Metallov (Tomsk: Del’taplan, 2008)
  17. Ivanov V G i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 30 (4) 167 (1994); Ivanov V G et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 30 569 (1994)
  18. Il’in A P, Gromov A A Gorenie Alyuminiya i Bora v Sverkhtonkom Sostoyanii (Tomsk: Izd-vo Tomskogo univ-ta, 2002)
  19. Wolfhard H G, Glassman I, Green L (Eds) Heterogeneous Combustion. A Selection of Technical Papers Based Mainly on the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Heterogeneous Combustion Conf., Palm Beach, Florida, December 11 - 13, 1963 (New York: Academic Press, 1964); Per. na russk. yaz., Geterogennoe Gorenie (M.: Mir, 1967)
  20. Beksted M V Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 41 (5) 55 (2005); Beckstead M W Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 41 533 (2005)
  21. Grigor’ev I S, Meilikhov E Z (Red.) Fizicheskie Velichiny (M.: Energoatomizdat, 1991); Per. na angl. yaz., Grigoriev I S, Meilikhov E Z (Eds) Handbook Of Physical Quantities (Boca Raton, NY: CRC Press, 1996)
  22. Yu J et al Fuel 181 785 (2016)
  23. Zubkov L B Kosmicheskii Metall: Vse o Titane (M.: Nauka, 1987)
  24. Veiga C, Davim J P, Loureiro A J R Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. 32 133 (2012)
  25. Rogachev A S, Mykas’yan A S Gorenie dlya Sinteza Materialov: Vvedenie v Strukturnuyu Makrokinetiku (M.: Fizmatlit, 2012)
  26. Athawale B K, Asthana S N, Singh H J. Energ. Mater. 22 (2) 55 (2004)
  27. Shekhar H, Singh H 8-ISICP Eighth Intern. Symp. on Special Topics in Chemical Propulsion. Advancements in Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion, Cape Town, South Africa, 2009. Program and Book of Abstracts p. 77
  28. Pang W et al Propellants Explosives Pyrotech. 38 852 (2013)
  29. Komarov V F at al. Energetic Materials. Characterisation, Modelling and Validation, 40th Intern. Annual Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2009 p. 108
  30. Matias T et al Energetic Materials for High Performance, Insensitive Munitions and Zero Pollution, 41st Intern. Annual Conf. of ICT, Germany, Karlsruhe, 2010 p. 95
  31. Makhov M N Gorenie Vzryv 8 (2) 256 (2015)
  32. Komarova M V i dr Polzunovskii Vestnik (4-1) 112 (2010)
  33. Shafirovich E Ya Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem Vol. 31 (Kiev-Odessa: Vishcha shkola, 1987) p. 63
  34. Weiser V et al Energetic Materials: Performance and Safety. 36th Intern. Annual Conf. of ICT and 32nd Intern. Pyrotech. Seminar, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2005 p. 102
  35. Kofstad P High-Temperature Oxidation Of Metals (New York: Wiley, 1966); Per. na russk. yaz., Kofstad P Vysokotemperaturnoe Okislenie Metallov (M.: Mir, 1969)
  36. Bai A S i dr Okislenie Titana i Ego Splavov (M.: Metallurgiya, 1970)
  37. Nedin V V i dr Vzryvoopasnost’ Metallicheskikh Poroshkov (Pod red. O S Nichiporenko) (Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1971)
  38. Zlobinskii B M, Ioffe V G, Zlobinskii V B Vosplamenyaemost’ i Toksichnost’ Metallov i Splavov (M.: Metallurgiya, 1972)
  39. Voitovich R F, Golovko E I Vysokotemperaturnoe Okislenie Titana i Ego Splavov (Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1984)
  40. Markshtein G X Raketnaya Tekhnika Kosmonavtika (3) 3 (1963)
  41. Markshtein G X Voprosy Raketnoi Tekhniki (4) 30 (1968)
  42. Frolov Yu V Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem Vol. 17 (Kiev - Odessa: Vishcha shkola, 1978)
  43. Rhein R, Baldwin J "Literature review on titanium combustion and extinction" Naval Weapons Center Report No. NWC TP 6167 (China Lake, CA: Naval Weapons Center, 1980)
  44. Zarko V E Modelling And Performance Prediction In Rockets And Guns (Eds S R Chakravarthy, S Krishnan) (New Delhi: Allied Publ. Ltd, 1998) p. 300
  45. PromMetall. Titan, splav titana, http://prom-metal.ru/marochnik/titan-splav-titana
  46. Marochnik stali i splavov. Poisk stalei, splavov, ferrosplavov i chugunov, http://www.splav-kharkov.com/quest_form.php, vvesti v nadlezhashchie polya znacheniya, sootvetstvuyushchie protsentnomu soderzhaniyu Ti, naprimer, ot 80 do 100, i vypolnit’ poisk
  47. Shipsha V G "17. Titany i titanovye splavy" Metally i Splavy (Pod red. Yu P Solntseva) (SPb.: NPO Professional. NPO Mir i sem’ya, 2003); Shipsha V G http://www.naukaspb.ru/spravochniki/Demo%20Metall/3_17.htm
  48. Metotekhnika. OST1 90013-81. Splavy titanovye, marki, http://www.metotech.ru/ost_90013_81.htm; sm. takzhe: Metotekhnika. Metall titan. Opisanie, http://http://www.metotech.ru/titan-opisanie.htm#; Metotekhnika. Standarty na titan. GOSTy, TU, http://www.metotech.ru/titan-gost.htm
  49. AO POLEMA. Titan i Ti splavy. Titanovye poroshki, http://www.polema.net/titan-i-ti-splavy.html
  50. Popov E I Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem Vol. 17 (Kiev - Odessa: Vishcha shkola, 1978) p. 65
  51. Chernenko E V, Griva V A, Rozenband V I Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 18 (5) 20 (1982); Chernenko E V, Griva V A, Rozenband V I Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 18 513 (1982)
  52. Korshunov A V i dr Izv. Tomskogo Politekhn. Un-ta 319 (3) 10 (2011)
  53. Schulz O et al Thermochim. Acta 517 98 (2011)
  54. D’yachkov V I Zhurn. Priklad. Khimii 77 1409 (2004); D’yachkov V I Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 77 1397 (2004)
  55. D’yachkov V I Zhurn. Priklad. Khimii 79 908 (2006); D’yachkov V I Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 79 896 (2006)
  56. Rozenband V I, Chichev V A, Afanas’eva L F Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 12 (1) 31 (1976); Rozenband V I, Chichev V A, Afanas’eva L F Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 12 26 (1976)
  57. Grachukho V P, Gurevich M A, Savel’ev M I Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 14 (1) 35 (1978); GrachukhoV P, Gurevich M A, Savel’ev M I Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 14 26 (1978)
  58. Grachukho V P, Gurevich M A, Osetrov S B Gorenie Kondensirovannykh Sistem (Khimicheskaya fizika protsessov goreniya i vzryva, Otv. red. A G Merzhanov) (Chernogolovka: OIKhF, 1977) p. 81
  59. Alekseev A G, Sudakova I V, Tsidelko T I Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem (Otv. red. D I Polishchuk) (Kiev-Odessa: Vishcha shkola, 1986) p. 20
  60. Gao W et al Sci. Tech. Energ. Mater. 75 (1) 14 (2014)
  61. Gao W, Zhanga X et al Powder Technol. 321 154 (2017)
  62. Voyuev C I i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 19 (3) 18 (1983); Voyuev S I et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 19 267 (1983)
  63. Luk’yanov V V, Peregudov A N, Barzykin V V Khimicheskaya fizika protsessov goreniya i vzryva. XII Simpozium po goreniyu i vzryvu, Chernogolovka, 11 - 15 sentyabrya, 2000 (Chernogolovka, 2000, 2000) p. 33
  64. Fedoseev V A Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem Vol. 17 (Kiev - Odessa: Vishcha shkola, 1978) p. 50
  65. Sadlii T P, Grigorenko I N Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem Vol. 17 (Kiev - Odessa: Vishcha shkola, 1978) p. 67
  66. Sadlii T P i dr Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem 29 (1986)
  67. Bolobov V I Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 29 (2) 12 (1993); Bolobov V I Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 29 138 (1993)
  68. Bolobov V I Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 38 (6) 37 (2002); Bolobov V I Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 38 639 (2002)
  69. Bolobov V I Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 39 (6) 77 (2003); Bolobov V I Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 39 677 (2003)
  70. Bolobov V I, Podlevskikh N A Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 43 (4) 39 (2007); Bolobov V I, Podlevskikh N A Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 43 405 (2007)
  71. Bolobov V I Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 53 (2) 47 (2017); Bolobov V I Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 53 165 (2017)
  72. Strakovskii L G Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 18 (5) 96 (1982); Strakovskii L G Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 18 579 (1982)
  73. Harrison P L Seventh Symp. Intern. on Combustion (London: Butterworths Sc. Publ., 1959) p. 913; Per. na russk. yaz., Garrison P L Voprosy goreniya. Materialy VI i VII Mezhdunarodnykh Simpoziumov po goreniyu (Pod red. S A Gol’denberga) (M.: Metallurgizdat, 1963) p. 222
  74. Clark A, Moulder J, Runyan C (Pittsburgh, PA: The Combustion Institute, 1975) p. 489
  75. Derevyaga M E, Stesik L N, Fedorin E A Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 12 (4) 544 (1976); Derevyaga M E, Stesik L N, Fedorin É A Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 12 493 (1976)
  76. Andrzejak T A, Shafirovich E, Varma A Propellants Explos. Pyrotech. 34 53 (2009)
  77. Abbud-Madrid A, Branch M C, Daily J W 26th Symp. Intern. on Combustion Vol. 2 (Pittsburgh, PA: The Combustion Institute, 1996) p. 1929
  78. Steinberg T A, Wilson D B, Benz F Combust. Flame 88 309 (1992)
  79. Bakhman N N, Kuznetsov G P, Puchkov V M Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 36 (4) 60 (2000); Bakhman N N, Kuznetsov G P, Puchkov N N Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 36 470 (2000)
  80. Efimov B G i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 25 (2) 29 (1989); Efimov B G et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 25 158 (1989)
  81. Borisova E A i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 27 (3) 35 (1991); Borisova E A et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 27 294 (1991)
  82. Efimov B G, Kuzyaev P N Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 30 (6) 68 (1994); Efimov B G, Kuzyaev P N Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 30 788 (1994)
  83. Efimov B G, Kuzyaev P N Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 31 (6) 37 (1995); Efimov B G, Kuzyaev P N Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 31 652 (1995)
  84. Efimov B G, Zaklyaz’minskii L A Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 30 (2) 46 (1994); Efimov B G, Zaklayz’minskii L A Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 30 178 (1994)
  85. Khomenko I O et al Combust. Flame 92 201 (1993)
  86. Khidirov I Zhurn. Neorgan. Khimii 60 1381 (2015); Khidirov I Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. 60 1263 (2015)
  87. Bakhman N N, Kuznetsov G P Puchkov V M Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 34 (3) 50 (1998); Bakhman N N, Kuznetsov G P, Puchkov V M Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 34 292 (1998)
  88. Vadchenko S G, Grigor’ev Yu M Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 15 (1) 64 (1979); Vadchenko S G, Grigor’ev Yu M Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 15 54 (1979)
  89. Chernenko E V, Pivtsov A L Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 26 (6) 68 (1990); Chernenko E V, Pivtsov A L Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 26 684 (1990)
  90. Gromov A A et al Powder Technol. 214 229 (2011)
  91. Gromov A A "Zakonomernosti protsessov polucheniya nitridov i oksinitridov elementov III - IV grupp szhiganiem poroshkov metallov v vozdukhe" Diss. ... dokt. tekhn. nauk (Tomsk: Tom. politekhn. un-t, 2007)
  92. Kelzenberg S et al ECM 2009, European Combustion Meeting, Vienna, Austria, 14 - 17 April 2009 p. 1
  93. Weiser V et al 7th Workshop on Pyrotechnic Combustion Mechanisms, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 22 August 2009 p. 15
  94. Roth E et al Energetic Materials for High Performance, Insensitive Munitions and Zero Pollution, 41st Intern. Annual Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2010 p. 129
  95. Sakovich G et al Energetic Materials: Insensitivity, Ageing, Monitoring, 37th Intern. Annual Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2006 p. 166
  96. Sedoi V S, Ivanov Yu F, Osmonoliev M N Energetic Materials: Reactions of Propellants, Explosives and Pyrotechnics, 34th Intern. Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2003 p. 145
  97. Beloni E, Dreizin E L Combus. Sci. Technol. 183 (8) 823 (2011)
  98. Gordon D Solid Propellant Rocket Research Vol. 1 (Ed. M Summerfeld) (New York: Academic Press, 1960); Per. na russk. yaz., Gordon D A Issledovanie Raketnykh Dvigatelei na Tverdom Toplive (Pod red. M Sammerfilda) (M.: IL, 1963) p. 181
  99. Dolganov A P i dr Izv. AN Latv. SSR Ser. Fiz. Tekhn. Nauk (2) 106 (1990)
  100. Makino A et al Nensho No Kagaku To Gijutsu 4 11 (1996)
  101. Badiola C, Dreizin E L Proc. Combustion Inst. 34 2237 (2013)
  102. Wang S, Mohan S, Dreizin E L Combust. Flame 168 10 (2016)
  103. Sadlii T P, Grigorenko I N Gorenie Kondensirovannykh Sistem (Khimicheskaya fizika protsessov goreniya i vzryva, Otv. red. A G Merzhanov) (Chernogolovka: OIKhF, 1977) p. 93
  104. Shafirovich E, Teoh S K, Varma A Combust. Flame 152 262 (2008)
  105. Molodetsky I E et al Combust. Flame 112 522 (1998)
  106. Glotov O G Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 49 (3) 50 (2013); Glotov O G Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 49 299 (2013)
  107. Khromova S A et al Nonequilibrium Processes Vol. 2 Plasma, Aerosols, And Atmospheric Phenomena (Eds G Roy, S Frolov, A Starik) (Moscow: TORUS PRESS, 2005) p. 225
  108. Karasev V V et al Energetic Materials. Insensitivity, Ageing, Monitoring, 37th Intern. Annual Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2006 p. 124
  109. Karasev V V i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 42 (6) 33 (2006); Karasev V V et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 42 649 (2006)
  110. Davis A Combust. Flame 7 359 (1963)
  111. KitamuraY et al Powder Technol. 176 93 (2007)
  112. Ageev N D i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 26 (6) 54 (1990); Ageev N D et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 26 669 (1990)
  113. Zolotko A N i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 32 (3) 24 (1996); Zolotko A N et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 32 262 (1996)
  114. Zolotko A N et al Gas Phase Nanoparticle Synthesis (Eds C G Granqvist, L B Kish, W H Marlow) (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publ., 2004) p. 123
  115. Zakharov R S, Glotov O G Vest. NGU Ser. Fizika 2 (3) 32 (2007)
  116. Glotov O G, Surodin G S, Baklanov A M Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 55 (1) 49 (2019); Glotov O G, Surodin G S, Baklanov A M Combustion Explosion Shock Waves (1) (2019), in press
  117. Dolukhanyan S K, Nersisyan M D, Borovinskaya I P Gorenie Kondensirovannykh Sistem (Khimicheskaya fizika protsessov goreniya i vzryva, Otv. red. A G Merzhanov) (Chernogolovka: OIKhF, 1977) p. 96
  118. Fedotova V S Problemy Inzhenernoi Okhrany Truda (Vyp. 13 (Otv. red. P I Polukhin) (M.: Metallurgiya, 1970) p. 49
  119. Drozdenko V I i dr Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem Vol. 31 (Kiev - Odessa: Vishcha shkola, 1987) p. 34
  120. Alekseev A G, Sudakova I V Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 19 (5) 34 (1983); Alekseev A G, Sudakova I V Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 19 564 (1983)
  121. Alekseev A G, Sudakova I V, Tsidelko T I Fizika Aerodispersnykh Sistem Vol. 30 (Kiev - Odessa: Vishcha shkola, 1986)
  122. Merzhanov A G Raketnaya Tekhnika Kosmonavtika 13 (2) 106 (1975)
  123. Breiter A L, Mal’tsev V M, Popov E I Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 13 558 (1977); Breiter A L, Mal’tsev V M, Popov E I Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 13 475 (1977)
  124. Samsonov G V (Red.) Fiziko-khimicheskie Svoistva Okislov (M.: Metallurgiya, 1978); Per. na angl. yaz., Samsonov G V The Oxide Handbook (New York: IFI/Plenum, 1982)
  125. Lyakishev N P (Obshch. red.) Diagrammy Sostoyaniya Dvoinykh Metallicheskikh Sistem: Spravochnik T. 3, Kn. 1 (M.: Mashinostroenie, 2001)
  126. Brewer L Chem. Rev. 52 1 (1953)
  127. Sato J, Sato K, Hirano T Combust. Flame 51 279 (1983)
  128. Moroz L S i dr Titan i Ego Splavy Vol. 1 (Pod red. L S Moroza) (L.: Sudpromgiz, 1960)
  129. Cashdollar K L, Zlochower I A J. Loss Prevent. Process Industr. 20 337 (2007)
  130. Pohlman N A, Roberts J A, Gonser M J Powder Technol. 228 141 (2012)
  131. Jaggi C et al Energetic Materials for High Performance, Insensitive Munitions and Zero Pollution. 41st Int. Annual Conf. of ICT, Germany, Karlsruhe, 2010 p. 35
  132. Nersisyan H H et al Mater. Chem. Phys. 141 283 (2013)
  133. Choi S H et al Arch. Metall. Mater. 62 1057 (2017)
  134. Sigma-Aldrich is now Merck, cat. 578347 Aldrich. Titanium, https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/578347?lang=en&region=RU
  135. OOO NORMIN. Sfericheskie poroshki titana i titanovykh splavov, http://normin.ru/products/165/
  136. Dreizin E L Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 39 (6) 82 (2003); Dreizin E A Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 39 681 (2003)
  137. Pul’tsin N M Vzaimodeistvie Titana s Gazami (M.: Metallurgiya, 1969)
  138. Fromm E, Gebhardt E Gase Und Kohlenstoff In Metallen (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1976); Per. na russk. yaz., Fromm E, Gebkhard E Gazy i Uglerod v Metallakh (M.: Metallurgiya, 1980)
  139. Glotov O G Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 49 (3) 58 (2013); Glotov O G Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 49 307 (2013)
  140. Memon N K, Anjum D H, Chung S H Combust. Flame 160 1848 (2013)
  141. Li S-Tsz i dr Fizika Goreniya Vzryva 44 (5) 112 (2008); Ouyang X et al Combustion Explosion Shock Waves 44 597 (2008)
  142. Qu Y et al Propell. Explos. Pyrotech. 36 75 (2011)
  143. Wang J et al Proc. Combust. Inst. 33 1925 (2011)
  144. Myronyuk I F, Chelyadyn V L Phys. Chem. Solid State 11 815 (2010)
  145. Wang X-K et al Chem. Eng. J. 189-190 288 (2012)
  146. Vemury S, Pratsinis S E Appl. Phys. Lett. 66 3275 (1995)
  147. Liu Z et al Phys. Proc. 18 168 (2011)
  148. Savinov E N Sorosovskii Obrazovatel’nyi Zhurn. 6 (11) 52 (2000)
  149. Besov A S et al J. Hazardous Mater. 173 40 (2010)
  150. Haque M M, Bahnemann D, Muneer M Organic Pollutants Ten Years After The Stockholm Convention — Environmental And Analytical Update (InTech, 2012) p. 293
  151. Jõks S et al Appl. Catalysis B 11-112 1 (2012)
  152. Zhao Y et al Mater. Chem. Phys. 107 344 (2008)
  153. Yu F et al Chin. J. Catalysis 34 1216 (2013)
  154. Lu G, Linsebigler A, Yates J T (Jr.) J. Phys. Chem. 99 7626 (1995)
  155. Korsunovskii G A ZhFKh 52 2276 (1978)
  156. Shih Y, Lin C Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 19 1652 (2012)
  157. Jang H D, Kim S-K, Kim S-J J. Nanopart. Res. 3 141 (2001)
  158. Torkhov D S i dr Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk 394 775 (2004)
  159. Sotnikova L V i dr Yuzhno-sibirskii Nauch. Vestn. 1 (3) 47 (2013)
  160. Nah Y-C, Paramasivam I, Schmuki P Chem. Phys. Chem. 11 2698 (2010)
  161. Sun H et al Chem. Eng. J. 162 437 (2010)
  162. Yu L et al J. Environ. Sci. 24 1777 (2012)
  163. Wang Y, Lu K, Feng C J. Rare Earths 360 (2013)
  164. Yuan R et al J. Hazardous Mater. 262 527 (2013)
  165. Wang Y, Xue X, Yang H Vacuum 101 193 (2014)
  166. Brezová V et al J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 2 177 (1997)
  167. Ranjit K T, Viswanathan B J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 107 215 (1997)
  168. Wei H et al J. Mater. Sci. 39 1305 (2004)
  169. Picquart M et al J. Mater. Sci. 37 3241 (2002)
  170. Hattori A, Tada H J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 22 47 (2001)
  171. Choi Y, Umebayashi T, Yoshikawa M J. Mater. Sci. 39 1837 (2004)
  172. Wilke K, Breuer H D J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 121 49 (1999)
  173. Wang C et al J. Mater. Chem. 13 2322 (2003)
  174. Choi W, Termin A, Hoffman M R J. Phys. Chem. 98 13669 (1994)
  175. Gole J L et al J. Phys. Chem. B 108 1230 (2004)
  176. Sivalingam G et al Appl. Catalysis B 45 23 (2003)
  177. Irie H, Watanabe Y, Hashimoto K J. Phys. Chem. B 107 5483 (2003)
  178. Xie Y, Yuan C J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 80 954 (2005)
  179. Obolenskaya L N i dr Fundamental’nye Issledovaniya. Khimicheskie Nauki 1 796 (2013)
  180. Kolesnik I V Diss. ... Kand. Khim. Nauk Mezoporistye materialy na osnove dioksida titana (M.: Mosk. gos. un-t im. M.V. Lomonosova. Khim. fak., 2010)
  181. Ifeacho P, Wiggers H, Roth P Proc. Combust. Inst. 30 2577 (2005)
  182. Gao B et al Appl. Catalysis A 375 107 (2010)
  183. Sun T et al Chem. Eng. J. 228 896 (2013)
  184. Glotov O G i dr Gorenie tverdogo topliva. Sb. dokl. VII Vseross. konf. s mezhd. uchastiem Ch. 3 (Novosibirsk: Izd-vo Instituta teplofiziki SO RAN, 2009) p. 184
  185. Glotov O G, Zarko V E Energetic Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characterization, And Application (Eds V E Zarko, A A Gromov) (Waltham, MA: Elsevier, 2016) p. 285
  186. Glotov O G i dr Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk 413 206 (2007); Glotov O G et al Dokl. Phys. Chem. 413 59 (2007)
  187. Glotov O G Russ. J. Phys. Chem. A 82 2213 (2008)
  188. Zakharenko V S, Khromova S A Ekologicheskaya Khimiya 15 (4) 226 (2006)
  189. Zakharenko B C, Parmon V N, Khromova S A Optika Atmosfery Okeana 20 531 (2007); Zakharenko V S, Parmon V N, Khromova S A Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 20 486 (2007)
  190. Voronova G A i dr Zhurn. Priklad. Khimii 82 1256 (2009); Voronova G A et al Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 82 1351 (2009)
  191. Voronova G A Izv. Tomsk. Politekh. Un-ta 314 (3) 41 (2009)
  192. Kubaschewski O, Hopkins B E Oxidation Of Metals And Alloys (London: Butterworths, 1962); Per. na russk. yaz., Kubashevskii O, Gopkins B E Okislenie Metallov i Splavov (M.: Metallurgiya, 1965)
  193. Levinskii Yu V R-T-kh Diagrammy Sostoyaniya Dvoinykh Metallicheskikh Sistem Kn. 2 (M.: Metallurgiya, 1990)
  194. Sakovich G, Vorozhtsov A, Bondarchuk S Energetic Materials. Characterisation and Performance of Advanced Systems, 38th Intern. Annual Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2007 p. 17

© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions