RSS feeds
РусскийEnglish
Issue 5, 2024
Volume year page
Issues Authors PACS Subscription For authors

Issues

 / 

2003

 / 

September

←  →

Reviews of topical problems


Studies on high-intensity pulsed molecular beams and flows interacting with a solid surface


Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Fizicheskaya 5, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840, Russian Federation

A high-intensity, pulsed, gasdynamically cooled supersonic molecular flow (beam) interacting with a solid surface produces a pressure shock with nonequilibrium conditions T2, tr \geqslant T2, rot \geqslant T2, vib inverse to those in the incident beam, T1, tr \leqslant T1, rot \leqslant T1, vib, (Ti, tr, Ti, rot, and Ti, vib are the translational, rotational, and vibrational molecular temperatures, respectively). This provides the possibility for studying the isotopically selective IR multiphoton molecular dissociation under new nonequilibrium conditions and for considerably increasing the efficiency of the process. Due to pressure shock formation near the surface, duration-controlled molecular beam pulses, intense kinetic-energy-variable secondary molecular beams, and intense beams of accelerated cold radicals can be obtained. In the present paper, research aimed at producing duration-controlled molecular beams, high-intensity secondary pulsed molecular beams, high-energy secondary pulsed molecular beams with IR-laser-controlled kinetic energy, and low-energy molecular beams is reviewed.

Fulltext pdf (761 KB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU2003v046n09ABEH001373
PACS: 33.80.−b, 42.62.Fi, 82.40.Fp, 82.50.Bc (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU2003v046n09ABEH001373
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2003/9/a/
000188171400001
Citation: Makarov G N "Studies on high-intensity pulsed molecular beams and flows interacting with a solid surface" Phys. Usp. 46 889–914 (2003)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Оригинал: Макаров Г Н «Исследования с интенсивными импульсными молекулярными пучками и потоками, взаимодействующими с твердой поверхностью» УФН 173 913–940 (2003); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0173.200309a.0913

References (179) ↓ Cited by (38) Similar articles (20)

  1. Ramsey N Molecular Beams (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1956) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: IL, 1960)]
  2. Smith K F Molecular Beams (London: Methuen, 1955) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Fizmatgiz, 1959)]
  3. Ross J (Ed.) Molecular Beams (Advances in Chemical Physics, Vol. 10, New York: Wiley, 1966) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1969)]
  4. Anderson J B, in Molecular Beams and Low Density Gasdynamics (Gasdynamics, Vol. 4, Ed. P P Wegener, New York: M. Dekker, 1974) p. 1
  5. Hagena O F, in Molecular Beams and Low Density Gasdynamics (Gasdynamics, Vol. 4, Ed. P P Wegener, New York: M. Dekker, 1974) p. 93
  6. Kutateladze S S, Rebrov A K (Eds) Diagnostika Potokov Razrezhennogo Gaza. Sbornik Nauchnykh Trudov (Diagnostics of Rarefied Gas Flows, Novosibirsk: Izd. Instituta Teplofiziki SO AN SSSR, 1979)
  7. Aleksandrov M L, Kusner Yu S Gazodinamicheskie Molekulyarnye, Ionnye i Klastirovannye Puchki (Gasdynamic Molecular, Ion, and Cluster Beams, Ed. E P Velikhov, Leningrad: Nauka, 1989)
  8. Scoles G (Ed.) Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  9. Scoles G (Ed.) Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 2 (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1992)
  10. Fluendy M A D, Lawley K P Chemical Applications of Molecular Beam Scattering (London: Chapman and Hall, 1973)
  11. Leonas V B, in Itogi Nauki i Tekhniki. Ser. Fizika Atoma i Molekuly. Optika. Magnitnyi Rezonans (Advances in Science and Technology. Atomic and Molecular Physics. Optics. Magnetic Resonance) Vol. 1 (Moscow: Izd. VINITI, 1979)
  12. Bernstein R B Chemical Dynamics via Molecular Beam and Laser Techniques (Hinshelwood Lectures, 1980, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1982)
  13. Gonzalez Urena A Adv. Chem. Phys. 66 213 (1987)
  14. Rusin L D, in Itogi Nauki i Tekhniki. Ser. Kinetika i Kataliz (Advances in Science and Technology. Kinetics and Catalysis) Vol. 18 (Moscow: Izd. VINITI, 1988) p. 109
  15. Huisken F Adv. Chem. Phys. 81 63 (1992)
  16. Holloway S "Reaction Dynamics at Surfaces", in Elementary Reaction Steps in Heterogeneous Catalysis (NATO ASI Series, Ser. C, Vol. 398, Eds R W Joyner, R A van Santen, Dordrecht: Kluwer Acad. Publ., 1993)
  17. Hartmann M et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 1566 (1995)
  18. Bacic Z, Miller R E J. Phys. Chem. 100 12945 (1996)
  19. Zewail A H J. Phys. Chem. 100 12701 (1996)
  20. Kroto H W et al. Nature 318 162 (1985)
  21. Smalley R E Rev. Mod. Phys. 69 723 (1997); Usp. Fiz. Nauk 168 323 (1998)
  22. Zare R N Science 279 1875 (1998)
  23. Diau E W-G et al. Science 279 847 (1998)
  24. Grebenev S, Toennies J P, Vilesov A F Science 279 2083 (1998)
  25. Lezius M et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 261 (1998)
  26. Gruebele M Adv. Chem. Phys. 114 193 (2000)
  27. Sitz G O Rep. Prog. Phys. 65 1165 (2002)
  28. Levy D H, Wharton L, Smalley R E, in Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers Vol. 11 (Ed. C B Moore, New York: Academic Press, 1977) p. 1
  29. Levy D H Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 31 197 (1980)
  30. Amirav A, Even U, Jortner J Chem. Phys. 51 31 (1980)
  31. Miller R E J. Phys. Chem. 90 3301 (1986)
  32. Hefter U, Bergmann K, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  33. Ionov S I et al. Appl. Phys. B 47 229 (1988)
  34. Lehmann K K, Scoles G Science 279 2065 (1988)
  35. Kuritsyn Yu A et al. Chem. Phys. 122 97 (1988)
  36. Bagratashvili V N, Ionov S I, Makarov G N, in Laser Spectroscopy of Highly Vibrationally Excited Molecules (Ed. V S Letokhov, Bristol: A. Hilger, 1989)
  37. Hepburn J W, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 2 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1992)
  38. Demtreder W, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 2 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1992)
  39. Lehmann K K, Scoles G, Pate B H Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 45 241 (1994)
  40. Bergmann K, Theuer H, Shore B W Rev. Mod. Phys. 70 1003 (1998)
  41. Harms J et al. J. Chem. Phys. 110 5124 (1999)
  42. Callegari A et al. J. Chem. Phys. 113 10535 (2000)
  43. Castleman A W (Jr), Bowen K H (Jr) J. Phys. Chem. 100 12911 (1996)
  44. Kappes M, Leutwyler S, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  45. Miller R E, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 2 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1992)
  46. Raz T, Levine R D Chem. Phys. 213 263 (1996)
  47. Amdur I, Jordan J E, in Molecular Beams (Advances in Chemical Physics, Vol. 10, Ed. J Ross, New York: Wiley, 1966) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1969)]
  48. Herschbach D, in Molecular Beams (Advances in Chemical Physics, Vol. 10, Ed. J Ross, New York: Wiley, 1966) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1969)]
  49. Buck U, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  50. Polanyi J C Science 236 680 (1987)
  51. Lee Y T, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  52. Rodionov I D et al. Khim. Fiz. 15 (2) 40 (1996)
  53. Dagdigian P J, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  54. Auerbach D J, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 2 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1992)
  55. Houston P L J. Phys. Chem. 100 12757 (1996)
  56. Gerber R B, Amirav A J. Phys. Chem. 90 4483 (1986)
  57. Rettner C T, Michelsen H A, Auerbach D J Chem. Phys. 175 157 (1993)
  58. Rettner C T et al. J. Phys. Chem. 100 13021 (1996)
  59. Comsa G, Poelsema B, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 2 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1992)
  60. Saalfrank P, Paramonov G K J. Chem. Phys. 107 10723 (1997)
  61. Cheng H-P J. Chem. Phys. 111 7583 (1999)
  62. Juurlink L B F, Smith R R, Utz A L J. Phys. Chem. B 104 3327 (2000)
  63. Hodgson A Prog. Surf. Sci. 63 1 (2000)
  64. Felker P M, Zewail A H Adv. Chem. Phys. 70 265 (1988)
  65. Quack M J. Mol. Struct. 292 171 (1993)
  66. Gerber R B, McCoy A B, Garcia-Vela A Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 45 275 (1994)
  67. Nesbitt D J, Field R W J. Phys. Chem. 100 12735 (1996)
  68. Bingemann D et al. J. Chem. Phys. 107 661 (1997)
  69. Gaspard P, Burghardt I Adv. Chem. Phys. 101 491 (1997)
  70. Gruebele M, Bigwood R Int. Rev. Phys. Chem. 17 91 (1998)
  71. Boyarkin O V, Rizzo T R, Perry D S J. Chem. Phys. 110 11346 (1999)
  72. Pauly H "High-energy beam sources", in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  73. Gentry W R "Low-energy pulsed beam sources", in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  74. Pauly H "Other low-energy beam sources", in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  75. Sekatskii S K Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 62 900 (1995) [JETP Lett. 62 916 (1995)]
  76. Jongma R T et al. Chem. Phys. Lett. 270 304 (1997)
  77. Maddi J A, Dinneen T P, Gould H Phys. Rev. A 60 3882 (1999)
  78. Herschbach D Rev. Mod. Phys. 71 S411 (1999)
  79. Alimpiev S S et al. Kvantovaya Elektron. 10 376 (1983) [Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 13 208 (1983)]
  80. Makarov G N, Petin A N Khim. Vys. Energ. 34 448 (2000) [High Energy Chem. 34 384 (2000)]
  81. Makarov G N et al. Appl. Phys. B 65 583 (1997)
  82. Bagratashvili V N et al. Multiple Photon Infrared Laser Photophysics and Photochemistry (Chur: Harwood Acad. Publ., 1985)
  83. Makarov G N et al. Kvantovaya Elektron. 25 545 (1998) [Quantum Electron. 28 530 (1998)]
  84. Makarov G N, Malinovsky D E, Ogurok D D Laser Chem. 17 205 (1998)
  85. Makarov G N, Malinovskii D E, Ogurok D D Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 69 (1) 35 (1999) [Tech. Phys. 44 31 (1999)]
  86. Makarov G N et al. Khim. Fiz. 18 (3) 71 (1999)
  87. Gentry W R, Giese C F Rev. Sci. Instrum. 49 595 (1978)
  88. Gentry W R Comment. Atom. Mol. Phys. IX 113 (1980)
  89. Yong S W Rev. Sci. Instrum. 44 715 (1973)
  90. Bartoszek F E, Manos D M, Polanyi J C J. Chem. Phys. 67 3395 (1977)
  91. Schutte A et al. J. Chem. Phys. 64 4135 (1976)
  92. Gallinaro G, Varone R Cryogenics 15 292 (1975)
  93. Gallinaro G, Roba G, Tatarek R J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 11 628 (1978)
  94. Gough T E, Miller R E, Scoles G Appl. Phys. Lett. 30 338 (1977)
  95. Gough T E, Miller R E, Scoles G J. Mol. Spectrosc. 72 124 (1978)
  96. Bassi D et al. J. Chem. Phys. 74 2221 (1981)
  97. Gough T E, Miller R E, Scoles G J. Chem. Phys. 69 1588 (1978)
  98. Coulter D R et al. J. Chem. Phys. 73 281 (1980)
  99. Sinha M P, Schulz A, Zare R N J. Chem. Phys. 58 549 (1973)
  100. Bergmann K, Hefter U, Hering P J. Chem. Phys. 65 488 (1976)
  101. Kinsey J L J. Chem. Phys. 66 2560 (1977)
  102. McClelland G M et al. J. Phys. Chem. 83 947 (1979)
  103. Ambartzumian R V, Makarov G N, Puretzky A A Appl. Phys. 22 77 (1980)
  104. Campbell J D et al. J. Chem. Phys. 69 3854 (1978)
  105. Watson T A et al. J. Chem. Phys. 75 5311 (1981)
  106. Munz E P Phys. Fluids 5 80 (1962)
  107. Coe D et al., in Rarefied Gas Dynamics: Proc. of the 11th Intern. Symp., Cannes, France, July 3 – 8, 1978 Vol. 2 (Ed. R Compargue, Paris: Commisariat a l’Energie Atomique, 1979) p. 907
  108. French J B, Locke J W, in Rarefied Gas Dynamics: Proc. of the 11th Intern. Symp., Cannes, France, July 3 – 8, 1978 Vol. 2 (Ed. R Compargue, Paris: Commisariat a l’Energie Atomique, 1979) p. 1461
  109. Bassi D, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  110. Apatin V M et al. Appl. Phys. B 29 273 (1982)
  111. Ambartzumian R V et al. Appl. Phys. 22 409 (1980)
  112. Ambartzumian R V, Makarov G N, Puretzky A A Opt. Commun. 34 81 (1980)
  113. Apatin V M, Makarov G N Appl. Phys. B 28 367 (1982)
  114. Apatin V M, Makarov G N Kvantovaya Elektron. 9 1668 (1982) [Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 12 1067 (1982)]
  115. Apatin V M, Makarov G N Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 84 15 (1983) [Sov. Phys. JETP 57 8 (1983)]
  116. Gallagner R G, Fenn J B J. Chem. Phys. 60 3487 (1974)
  117. Landau L D, Lifshitz E M Gidrodinamika (Fluid Mechanics} (Moscow: Nauka, 1986) [Translated into English (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1987)]
  118. Zel’dovich Ya B, Raizer Yu P Fizika Udarnykh Voln i Vysokotemperaturnykh Gidrodinamicheskikh Yavlenii (Physics of Shock Waves and High-Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena, Moscow: Nauka, 1966) [Translated into English (New York: Academic Press, 1967)]
  119. Abramovich G N Prikladnaya Gazovaya Dinamika (Applied Gas Dynamics) Pt. 1 (Moscow: Nauka, 1991)
  120. Stupochenko E V, Losev S A, Osipov A I Relaksatsionnye Protsessy v Udarnykh Volnakh (Relaxation Processes in Shock Waves, Moscow: Nauka, 1965) [Translated into English (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1967)]
  121. Steinfeld J I et al. J. Chem. Phys. 52 5421 (1970)
  122. Weulersse J M, Genier R Appl. Phys. 24 363 (1981)
  123. Makarov G N, Petin A N Kvantovaya Elektron. 30 738 (2000) [Quantum Electron. 30 738 (2000)]
  124. Makarov G N, Petin A N Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 71 583 (2000) [JETP Lett. 71 399 (2000)]
  125. Makarov G N, Petin A N Chem. Phys. Lett. 323 345 (2000)
  126. Makarov G N, Petin A N Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 119 5 (2001) [JETP 92 1 (2001)]
  127. Makarov G N, Petin A N Chem. Phys. 266 125 (2001)
  128. Makarov G N, Mochalov S A, Petin A N Kvantovaya Elektron. 31 263 (2001) [Quantum Electron. 31 263 (2001)]
  129. Apatin V M et al. Opt. Spektrosk. 91 910 (2001) [Opt. Spectrosc. 91 852 (2001)]
  130. Makarov G N, Petin A N Khim. Vys. Energ. 36 472 (2002) [High Energy Chem. 36 431 (2002)]
  131. Cantrell C D (Ed.) Multiple-Photon Excitation and Dissociation of Polyatomic Molecules (Topics in Current Physics, Vol. 35, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986)
  132. Steinfeld J I (Ed.) Laser-Induced Chemical Processes (New York: Plenum Press, 1981) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1984)]
  133. Lyman J L, in Laser Spectroscopy and Its Applications (Optical Engineering, Vol. 11, Eds L J Radziemski, R W Solarz, J A Paisner, New York: M. Dekker, 1987)
  134. Ambartsumyan R V et al. Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 71 440 (1976) [Sov. Phys. JETP 44 231 (1976)]
  135. Gower M C, Billman K W Opt. Commun. 20 123 (1977)
  136. Del Bello U et al. Appl. Phys. B 42 147 (1987)
  137. Ambartsumyan R V et al. Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 23 217 (1976) [JETP Lett. 23 194 (1976)]
  138. Baranov V Yu et al. Kvantovaya Elektron. 6 1062 (1979) [Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 9 621 (1979)]
  139. Brunner F, Proch D J. Chem. Phys. 68 4936 (1978)
  140. Schulz P A et al. J. Chem. Phys. 72 4985 (1980)
  141. Borsella E et al. Nuovo Cimento D 4 548 (1984)
  142. Quick C A (Jr), Wittig C Chem. Phys. Lett. 48 420 (1977)
  143. Alimpiev S S Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 45 1070 (1981)
  144. Levin I W, Berney C V J. Chem. Phys. 44 2557 (1966)
  145. Christe K O et al. Spectrochim. Acta A 32 1141 (1976)
  146. McDowell R S et al. Spectrochim. Acta A 42 351 (1986)
  147. Fuss W Spectrochim. Acta A 38 829 (1982)
  148. Baldacchini G, Marchetti S, Montelatici V J. Mol. Spectrosc. 91 80 (1982)
  149. Makarov G N Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 24 (12) 35 (1998) [Tech. Phys. Lett. 24 921 (1998)]
  150. Lide D R (Ed.) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 74th ed. (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1993 – 1994)
  151. Kikoin I K (Ed.) Tablitsy Fizicheskikh Velichin. Spravochnik (Tables of Physical Quantities: A Handbook, Moscow: Atomizdat, 1976)
  152. Makarov G N Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 75 159 (2002) [JETP Lett. 75 131 (2002)]
  153. Makarov G N Chem. Phys. Lett. 358 307 (2002)
  154. Makarov G N Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 72 (12) 9 (2002) [Tech. Phys. 47 1495 (2002)]
  155. Apatin V M, Makarov G N, Nesterov V V Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 73 735 (2001) [JETP Lett. 73 651 (2001)]
  156. Apatin V M, Makarov G N, Nesterov V V Chem. Phys. Lett. 347 101 (2001)
  157. Makarov G N Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 120 1411 (2001) [JETP 93 1222 (2001)]
  158. Burak I, Steinfeld J I, Sutton D G J. Quant. Spectr. Rad. Trans. 9 959 (1969)
  159. Girard J M, Lebehot A, Campargue R J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 26 1382 (1993)
  160. Makarov G N Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 108 404 (1995) [JETP 81 218 (1995)]
  161. Becker E W, Bier K, Burghoff H Z. Naturforsch. A 10 7 (1955)
  162. Kolodney E, Amirav A Chem. Phys. 82 269 (1983)
  163. Comparque R et al., in Rarefied Gas Dynamics (Ed. S S Fisher, New York: AIAA, 1980) p. 823
  164. Buck U, Lessner E, Pust D J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys. 13 L125 (1980)
  165. Lokhman V N, Makarov G N Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 61 172 (1995) [JETP Lett. 61 175 (1995)]
  166. Makarov G N Chem. Phys. Lett. 237 361 (1995)
  167. Lokhman V N et al. Khim. Fiz. 17 (11) 35 (1998)
  168. Makarov G N, Thesis for Doctorate of Physico-Mathematical Sciences (Troitsk: Institute of Spectroscopy of the Acad. of Sciences of the USSR, 1989)
  169. Apatin V M, Makarov G N Kvantovaya Elektron. 10 1435 (1983) [Sov. J. Quantum Electron. 13 932 (1983)]
  170. Akhmanov S A et al. Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 26 603 (1977) [JETP Lett. 26 453 (1977)]
  171. Bagratashvili V N et al. Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 77 2238 (1979) [Sov. Phys. JETP 50 1075 (1979)]
  172. Makarov G N Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 76 341 (2002) [JETP Lett. 76 283 (2002)]
  173. Makarov G N Chem. Phys. Lett. 366 490 (2002)
  174. Makarov G N Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 123 276 (2003) [JETP 96 241 (2003)]
  175. Feltgen R et al. J. Chem. Phys. 76 2360 (1982)
  176. Miller D E, in Atomic and Molecular Beam Methods Vol. 1 (Ed. G Scoles, New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1988)
  177. Apatin V M, Makarov G N Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 38 120 (1983) [JETP Lett. 38 141 (1983)]
  178. Bagratashvili V N et al. Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 93 1188 (1987) [Sov. Phys. JETP 66 670 (1987)]
  179. Higgins J et al. J. Chem. Phys. 114 5277 (2001)
© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions