The history of designing wind tunnels, an isolated wing, as well as both flying and non-flying machines, is reviewed. An analysis is made of those remarkable aerodynamic ideas which have been practically implemented, as well as of those, no less remarkable, ideas which have — so far - remained unfulfilled. The history of theoretical fluid dynamics in Russia is represented as the history of four scientific schools: those of Zhukovsky, Friedmann, Kolmogorov, and TsAGI.

PACS: 01.65.+g, 47.10.+b, 47.85.Gj (all) DOI: 10.1070/PU2003v046n04ABEH001375 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2003/4/e/ 000184349400004 Citation: Betyaev S K "On the history of fluid dynamics: Russian scientific schools in the 20th century" Phys. Usp. 46 405–432 (2003) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Оригинал: Бетяев С К «К истории гидродинамики: научные школы России ХХ века» УФН 173 419–446 (2003); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0173.200304e.0419