RSS feeds
РусскийEnglish
Issue 11, 2024
Volume year page
Issues Authors PACS Subscription For authors

Issues

 / 

2003

 / 

January

←  →

Reviews of topical problems


Physical mechanisms of aerospace radar imaging of the ocean

 a,  a,  a,  a,  a,  a,  b,  a,  a,  c
a Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya str. 84/32, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
b N.N. Andreev Acoustics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Shvernika 4, Moscow, 117036, Russian Federation
c Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 38, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

Physical mechanisms of the radar imaging of the ocean surface are reviewed. The resonant and nonresonant mechanisms of microwave radiation scattering from the ocean surface are considered, analyzed, and compared based on 20 years of the authors’ own theoretical and experimental work, and publications by other research teams. The experimental facts that cannot be explained by resonant scattering models are analyzed in detail, and in this connection the significant contribution of mesoscale breaking waves to scattering at grazing angles is justified. The characteristic features and most probable mechanisms of radar imaging of various mesoscale phenomena deep in the ocean and in the atmosphere are considered.

Fulltext pdf (1 MB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU2003v046n01ABEH001114
PACS: 84.40.Ba, 92.10.Hm, 93.85.+q (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU2003v046n01ABEH001114
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2003/1/d/
000183153400004
Citation: Bulatov M G, Kravtsov Yu A, Lavrova O Yu, Litovchenko K T, Mityagina M I, Raev M D, Sabinin K D, Trokhimovskii Yu G, Churyumov A N, Shugan I V "Physical mechanisms of aerospace radar imaging of the ocean" Phys. Usp. 46 63–79 (2003)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Оригинал: Булатов М Г, Кравцов Ю А, Лаврова О Ю, Литовченко К Ц, Митягина М И, Раев М Д, Сабинин К Д, Трохимовский Ю Г, Чурюмов А Н, Шуган И В «Физические механизмы формирования аэрокосмических радиолокационных изображений океана» УФН 173 69–87 (2003); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0173.200301d.0069

References (116) ↓ Cited by (30) Similar articles (20)

  1. Lappo S S et al. Issled. Zemli Kosmosa (2) 70 (1997)
  2. Raizer V Yu, Chernyi I V Mikrovolnovaya Diagnostika Poverkhnostnogo Sloya Okeana (Microwave Probing of the Ocean Surface Layer, St. Petersburg: Gidrometeoizdat, 1994)
  3. Kondrat’ev K Ya, Melent’ev V V, Nazarkin V A Kosmicheskaya Distantsionnaya Indikatsiya Akvatorii i Vodosbrosov (Remote Sensing of Water Surfaces and Spillways from Outer Space, St. Petersburg: Gidrometeoizdat, 1992)
  4. Mitnik L M, Viktorov S V (Eds) Radiolokatsiya Poverkhnosti Zemli iz Kosmosa (Radio Probing of the Earth Surface from Outer Space, Compiled by M Nazirov, A P Pichugin, Yu G Spiridonov, Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1990)
  5. Nelepo B A et al. Sputnikovaya Gidrofizika (Earth Satellites and Hydrophysics, Eds-in-Chiefs R Z Sagdeev, B A Nelepo, Moscow: Nauka, 1983)
  6. Kravtsov Yu A et al. Issled. Zemli Kosmosa (1) 3 (1996) [Earth Obs. Rem. Sens. 14 1 (1996)]
  7. Garbuk S V, Gershenzon V E Kosmicheskie Sistemy Distantsionnogo Zondirovaniya Zemli (Space-Based Systems for Remote Sensing of the Earth Surface, Moscow: Inzhenerno-Tekhnol. Tsentr “SkanEks”: A i B, 1997)
  8. Kramer H J Observation of the Earth and Its Environment. Survey of Missions and Sensors 3rd ed. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1996)
  9. Alpers W R, Ross D B, Rufenach C L J. Geophys. Res. 86 6481 (1981)
  10. Bruening C, Alpers W R, Hasselmann K Int. J. Remote Sensing 1 1695 (1990)
  11. Kanevskii M V, Novikov L V Issled. Zemli Kosmosa (4) 12 (1990)
  12. Kanevsky M V IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. GE-31 1031 (1993)
  13. Kanevsky M V, in Specialist Meeting on Microwave Remote Sensing, 5 – 9 Nov. 2001, Boulder, Colorado, USA, Prog. and Abstracts, p. 2
  14. Alpers W et al. Issled. Zemli Kosmosa (6) 83 (1994) [Earth Obs. Remot. Sens. 12 903 (1995)]
  15. Litovchenko K Ts et al. Issled. Zemli Kosmosa (3) 47 (1995)
  16. Zaitsev V V, Litovchenko K Ts, Shirokov P A, in Distantsionnye Metody Monitoringa Promyslovykh Raionov Mirovogo Okeana v Zadachakh Informatsionnoi Podderzhki Otraslevoi Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoi Deyatel’nosti (Monitoring Commercially Important Regions of the World Ocean by Remote Sensing Techniques for Informational Support of Sectoral Research and Production Activities, Ed. A A Romanov, Moscow: Izd. VNIRO, 1997) p. 66
  17. Wilde A, Bruening C, Alpers W J. Geophys. Res. 98 6764 (1993)
  18. Shutko A M SVCh-Radiometriya Vodnoi Poverkhnosti i Pochvogruntov (Microwave Radiometry of Water Surface, Ground and Soils, Moscow: Nauka, 1986)
  19. Wright J W IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. AP-16 217 (1968)
  20. Valenzuela G R Bound. Layer Meteorol. 13 61 (1978)
  21. Beckmann P, Spizzichino A The Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves from Rough Surfaces (New York: Pergamon Press, 1963)
  22. Bass F G, Fuks I M Rasseyanie Voln na Statisticheski Nerovnoi Poverkhnosti (Wave Scattering from Statistically Rough Surfaces, Moscow: Nauka, 1972) [Translated into English (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1979)]
  23. Ishimaru A Wave Propagation and Scattering in Random Media Vols 1, 2 (New York: Academic Press, 1978) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1981)]
  24. Rytov S M, Kravtsov Yu A, Tatarskii V I Vvedenie v Statisticheskuyu Radiofiziku Vol. 2 Sluchainye Polya (Introduction to Statistical Radiophysics Vol. 2 Random Fields, Moscow: Nauka, 1978) [Translated into English: Principles of Statistical Radiophysics Vol. 3 Elements of Random Fields (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988)]
  25. Moore R K, Fung A K Proc. IEEE 67 1504 (1979)
  26. Kalmykov A I et al. Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved. Radiofiz. 8 1117 (1965)
  27. Long M W IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. AP-22 667 (1974)
  28. Longuet-Higgens M S J. Fluid Mech. 121 403 (1982)
  29. Malinovskii V V Morsk. Gidrofiz. Zh. (6) 32 (1991)
  30. Malinovskii V V Morsk. Gidrofiz. Zh. (1) 53 (1993)
  31. Kalmykov A I, Pustovoytenko V V J. Geophys. Res. 81 1960 (1976)
  32. Lewis B L, Olin I D Radio Sci. 15 815 (1980)
  33. Walker D T et al. Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 452 1953 (1996)
  34. Kwoh D S W, Lake B M, Rungaldier H J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 93 12235 (1988)
  35. Banner M L, Appl. Math. Preprint, AM 86/1 (Kensington, Australia: Univ. of New South Wales, 1985)
  36. Wetzel L, in Wave Dynamics and Radio Probing of the Ocean Surface (Eds O M Phillips, K Hasselmann, New York: Plenum Press, 1986) p. 273
  37. Avanesova G G, Volyak K I, Shugan I V, in Issledovaniya po Gidrofizike (Hydrophysical Research, Tr. Fiz. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Vol. 156, Ed.-in-Chief F B Bunkin, Moscow: Nauka, 1984) p. 94
  38. Donelan M A, Pierson W J (Jr) J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 92 4971 (1987)
  39. Trizna D B et al. J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 96 12529 (1991)
  40. Trizna D B, in Proc. of the IGARSS’93: 13th Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp. Better Understanding of Earth Environment, Aug. 18 – 21, 1993, Tokyo, Japan Vol. 2 (Ed. S Fujimura, New York: IEEE, 1993) p. 776
  41. McLaughlin D J et al. IEEE J. Oceanic Eng. OE-20 166 (1995)
  42. Sletten M A, Trizna D B, Hansen J P IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. AP-44 646 (1996)
  43. West J C, Sturm J M, Sletten M A, in IGARSS’95. Quantitative Remote Sensing for Science and Applications: 1995 Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp., July 10 – 14, 1995, Firenze, Italy Vol. 3 (New York: IEEE, 1995) p. 2207
  44. Kropfli R A, Clifford S F, in Proc. of the IGARSS’94: Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp. Surface and Atmospheric Remote Sensing: Technologies, Data Analysis, and Interpretation, Aug. 8 – 12, 1994, Pasadena, Calif., USA Vol. 4 (Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 1994) p. 2407
  45. Lee P H Y et al. IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. AP-44 333 (1996)
  46. Lee P H Y et al. J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 100 2591 (1995)
  47. Guinard N W, Ransone J T, Daley J C J. Geophys. Res. 76 1525 (1971)
  48. Mityagina M I, Pungin V G, Yakovlev V V Waves Random Media 8 111 (1998)
  49. Kravtsov Yu A, Mityagina M I, Churyumov A N Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved. Radiofiz. XLII (3) 240 (1999) [Radiophys. Quantum Electron. 42 216 (1999)]
  50. Kravtsov Yu A, Mityagina M I, Churyumov A N Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk. Ser. Fiz. 63 2403 (1999) [Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci., Phys. 63 1859 (1999)]
  51. Churyumov A N, Kravtsov Yu A Waves Random Media 10 1 (2000)
  52. Churyumov A N et al. Adv. Space Res. 29 111 (2002)
  53. Borovikov V A, Kinber B E Geometricheskaya Teoriya Difraktsii (Geometric Theory of Diffraction, Moscow: Svyaz’, 1978)
  54. Kravtsov Yu A et al. Vestn. Ross. Fonda Fundament. Issled. (1) 32 (2001)
  55. Kudryavtsev V N, Makin V K, Chapron B J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 104 7625 (1999)
  56. Voronovich A G, Zavorotny V U Waves Random Media 11 247 (2001)
  57. Fuks I M, Voronovich A G Waves Random Media 9 501 (1999)
  58. Fuks I M, Voronovich A G, in Proc. of the IGARSS’98: Sensing and Managing the Environment. 1998 IEEE Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp., July 6 – 10, 1998, Seattle, WA, USA Vol. 4 (Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 1998) p. 2284
  59. Naumenko M A et al. Int. J. Remote Sensing 15 2039 (1994)
  60. Bulatov M G et al. Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk 380 816 (2001) [Dokl. Earth Sci. 381 963 (2001)]
  61. Hughes B A, Grant H L J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 83 443 (1978)
  62. Basovich A Ya, Bakhanov V V, Talanov V N, in Vozdeistvie Krupnomasshtabnykh Vnutrennikh Voln na Morskuyu Poverkhnost’ (The Action of Large-Scale Waves on the Sea Surface, Ed.-in-Chief E N Pelinovskii, Gor’ky: Izd. IPF AN SSSR, 1982) p. 8
  63. Plant W J J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 102 21131 (1997)
  64. Zavorotny V U, Voronovich A G IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag. AP-46 84 (1998)
  65. Fung A K, Lee K K IEEE J. Oceanic Eng. OE-7 166 (1982)
  66. Masuko H et al. J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 91 13065 (1986)
  67. Vachon P W, Johannessen O M, Johannessen J A J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 99 22483 (1994)
  68. Gossard E E, Richter J H, Atlas D J. Geophys. Res. 75 3523 (1970)
  69. Seitter K L, Muench H S Mon. Weather Rev. 113 840 (1985)
  70. Hoinka K P et al. Tellus 42A 140 (1990)
  71. Smith R K et al. Mon. Weather Rev. 123 16 (1995)
  72. Doviak R J, Zrni D S Doppler Radar and Weather Observations 2nd ed. (San Diego, Calif.: Academic Press, 1993)
  73. Smith R K, Page M A Aust. Meteorol. Mag. 33 185 (1985)
  74. Scherhag R, Berlin Weather Map, Supplement, 155/69 (Berlin: Free Univ. of Berlin, 1969)
  75. Egger J Meteorol. Rundsch. 38 103 (1985)
  76. Eckard M, Fraedrich K Meteorol. Rundsch. 38 119 (1985)
  77. Shreffler J H, Binkowski F S Mon. Weather Rev. 109 1713 (1981)
  78. Gossard E E, Richter J H J. Atmos. Sci. 27 971 (1970)
  79. Doviak R J, Ge R J. Atmos. Sci. 41 2559 (1984)
  80. Drake V A Bound. Layer Meteorol. 31 269 (1985)
  81. Fulton R, Zrni D S, Doviak R J J. Atmos. Sci. 47 319 (1990)
  82. Thomson R E, Vachon P W, Borstad G A J. Geophys. Res. 97 14249 (1992)
  83. Spiridonov Yu G, Pichugin A P, Shestopalov V P Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 296 317 (1987)
  84. Alpers W, Stilke G J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 101 6513 (1996)
  85. Kravtsov Yu A et al. Issled. Zemli Kosmosa (4) 3 (1997) [Earth Obs. Rem. Sens. 15 513 (1999)]
  86. Dolin L S, Rodin V V Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved. Radiofiz. 23 (1) 79 (1980) [Radiophys. Quantum Electron. 23 62 (1980)]
  87. Zhidko Yu M, Kanevskii M B, Rodin V V Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Fiz. Atmos. Okeana 19 328 (1983)
  88. Kalmykov A I et al. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 279 860 (1984)
  89. Mitnik L M La Mer (3) 287 (1992)
  90. Thompson T W, Liu W T, Wessman D E J. Geophys. Res. Lett. 10 1172 (1983)
  91. Fu L L, Holt B, Publ. 81 – 120 (Pasadena: Jet Propul. Lab., Calif. Inst. of Technol., 1983) p. 118
  92. Ford J P, Cimino J B, Elachi C, Publ. 82 – 95 (Pasadena: Jet Propul. Lab., Calif. Inst. of Technol., 1983)
  93. Vachon P W, Johannessen J A, in Proc. of the IGARSS’94: Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp. Surface and Atmospheric Remote Sensing: Technologies, Data Analysis, and Interpretation, Aug. 8 – 12, 1994, Pasadena, Calif., USA Vol. 2 (Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 1994) p. 802
  94. Alpers W, Brummer B, in Proc. of the IGARSS’93: 13th Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp. Better Understanding of Earth Environment, Aug. 18 – 21, 1993, Tokyo, Japan Vol. 2 (Ed. S Fujimura, New York: IEEE, 1993) p. 540
  95. Ufermann S, Romeiser R J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 104 25707 (1999)
  96. Konyaev K V, Sabinin K D Volny Vnutri Okeana (Internal Waves in the Ocean, St. Petersburg: Gidrometeoizdat, 1992)
  97. Huges B A J. Geophys. Res. 83 455 (1978)
  98. Thompson D R J. Geophys. Res. 93 12371 (1988)
  99. Trokhimovskii Yu G Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Fiz. Atmos. Okeana 32 528 (1996) [Izv., Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 32 488 (1996)]
  100. Phillips O M Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Fiz. Atmos. Okeana 9 954 (1973)
  101. Shugan I V, Voliak K I Phys. Vibrations 8 79 (2000)
  102. Basovich A Ya et al. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Fiz. Atmos. Okeana 22 1194 (1986)
  103. Kravtsov Yu A et al. Radiotekhnika (1) 61 (2000)
  104. Etkin V S, Trokhimovski Yu G, Yakovlev V V, in Proc. of the IGARSS’94: Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp. Surface and Atmospheric Remote Sensing: Technologies, Data Analysis, and Interpretation, Aug. 8 – 12, 1994, Pasadena, Calif., USA Vol. 2 (Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 1994) p. 744
  105. Kravtsov Yu A et al. Issled. Zemli Kosmosa (6) 43 (1997) [Earth Obs. Rem. Sens. 15 909 (2000)]
  106. Jansen R W et al., in Proc. of the IGARSS’94: Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp. Surface and Atmospheric Remote Sensing: Technologies, Data Analysis, and Interpretation, Aug. 8 – 12, 1994, Pasadena, Calif., USA Vol. 1 (Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 1994) p. 460
  107. Jansen R W et al., in Proc. of the IGARSS’93: 13th Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp. Better Understanding of Earth Environment, Aug. 18 – 21, 1993, Tokyo, Japan (Ed. S Fujimura) Vol. 2 (New York: IEEE, 1993) p. 550
  108. Chubb S R et al. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. GE-37 1951 (1999)
  109. Liu A K, in Proc. of the IGARSS’93: 13th Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp. Better Understanding of Earth Environment, Aug. 18 – 21, 1993, Tokyo, Japan (Ed. S Fujimura) Vol. 2 (New York: IEEE, 1993) p. 547
  110. Mitnik L M, Hsu M-K, Liu C-T La Mer 34 215 (1996)
  111. Mitnik L M, Hsu M-K, in Proc. of the 4th Pacific Ocean Remote Sensing Conf. (PORSEC’98), Qingdao, China, July 28 – 31, 1998, p. 416
  112. Hovland H A, Johannessen J A, Digranes J, in Proc. of the IGARSS’94: Intern. Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symp. Surface and Atmospheric Remote Sensing: Technologies, Data Analysis, and Interpretation, Aug. 8 – 12, 1994, Pasadena, Calif., USA Vol. 4 (Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 1994) p. 2038
  113. Wahl T et al. Coast. Management 24 61 (1996)
  114. Wismann V et al. Int. J. Remote Sensing 19 3607 (1998)
  115. Schistad-Solberg A H et al. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing GE-37 1916 (1999)
  116. Bern T-I et al. Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. 59 423 (1993)
© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions