Issues

 / 

2001

 / 

November

  

Reviews of topical problems


Runaway breakdown and electric discharges in thunderstorms

,
Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 53, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

This review concerns the theory of the avalanche multiplication of high-energy (0.1-10 MeV) electrons in a neutral material, a newly discovered phenomenon known as runaway breakdown (RB). In atmospheric conditions RB takes place at electric fields an order of magnitude weaker than those needed for normal breakdown in air. Experimental work of the past few years has shown that RB determines the maximum electric field strength in thunderclouds and is behind a variety of phenomena newly observed in thunderstorm atmosphere, such as giant high-altitude discharges between thunderclouds and the ionosphere, anomalous amplifications of X-ray emission, intense bursts of gamma radiation, etc. These phenomena are becoming increasingly active areas of study. A necessary condition for the occurrence of runaway avalanche is the presence of high energy seed electrons. In the atmosphere, these are cosmic ray secondary electrons. Therefore, the observed effects reflect the close relationship between cosmic rays and electrodynamic processes in the thunderstorm atmosphere. The first laboratory results on RB are also presented. Further studies in this area may be of interest for high-current electronics.

Fulltext pdf (703 KB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU2001v044n11ABEH000939
PACS: 52.80.−s, 52.80.Mg, 92.60.Pw (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU2001v044n11ABEH000939
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2001/11/b/
000174555600002
Citation: Gurevich A V, Zybin K P "Runaway breakdown and electric discharges in thunderstorms" Phys. Usp. 44 1119–1140 (2001)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Оригинал: Гуревич А В, Зыбин К П «Пробой на убегающих электронах и электрические разряды во время грозы» УФН 171 1177–1199 (2001); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0171.200111b.1177

References (124) Cited by (347) ↓ Similar articles (20)

  1. Syssoev A A, Iudin D I et al Atmospheric Research 322 108135 (2025)
  2. Chernogor L F Kinemat. Phys. Celest. Bodies 41 1 (2025)
  3. Levko D Plasma 8 12 (2025)
  4. Kozyrev A V, Lobanov L N et al 31 (10) (2024)
  5. Kozyrev A, Tarasenko V Plasma 7 201 (2024)
  6. Parkevich E V, Shpakov K V et al Jetp Lett. 120 109 (2024)
  7. Balabin Yu V, Germanenko A V, Gvozdevsky B B Izvestiâ Akademii Nauk SSSR. Seriâ Fizičeskaâ 88 378 (2024)
  8. Parkevich E V, Shpakov K V et al 136 (16) (2024)
  9. Mal’tsev P P PhotonicsRussia 18 522 (2024)
  10. Mal’tsev P P PhotonicsRussia 18 358 (2024)
  11. Bordonskiy G S, Gurulev A A, Orlov A O Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 60 1042 (2024)
  12. Parkevich E V, Shpakov K V et al Phys. Rev. E 110 (6) (2024)
  13. Kieu N, Abbasi R U et al JGR Atmospheres 129 (24) (2024)
  14. Ivanov S N, Lisenkov V V 31 (8) (2024)
  15. Chen S, Rakov V A et al JGR Atmospheres 129 (8) (2024)
  16. Parkevich E V, Shpakov K V et al Pisʹma V žurnal êksperimentalʹnoj I Teoretičeskoj Fiziki 120 111 (2024)
  17. Balabin Yu V, Germanenko A V, Gvozdevsky B B Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 88 324 (2024)
  18. Belyaev M A, Gashkov M A et al Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 88 S482 (2024)
  19. Kokovin A O, Kozyrev A V, Tarasenko V F Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 88 S516 (2024)
  20. Ivanovskiy A V Journal Of Atmospheric And Solar-Terrestrial Physics 265 106391 (2024)
  21. Tsap Yu T, Stepanov A V, Kopylova Yu G Res. Astron. Astrophys. 24 025015 (2024)
  22. Bordonskiy G S, Gurulev A A, Orlov A O Issledovanie Zemli Iz Kosmosa (1) 78 (2024)
  23. Eroshenko Yu N Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 194 1240 (2024) [Eroshenko Yu N Phys. Usp. 67 1168 (2024)]
  24. Aleksandrov N L, Ponomarev A A et al Plasma Phys. Rep. 49 1366 (2023)
  25. Lobanov L N, Mesyats G A et al IEEE Electron Device Lett. 44 1748 (2023)
  26. Ren Ch, Huang B et al Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 32 085013 (2023)
  27. Bazelyan E M Plasma Phys. Rep. 49 1384 (2023)
  28. Mamontov Yu I, Zubarev N M, Uimanov I V Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 87 S194 (2023)
  29. Lomaev M, Tarasenko V et al Surfaces 6 40 (2023)
  30. Wang Y, Li Ju et al 30 (4) (2023)
  31. Wada Y, Kamogawa M et al JGR Atmospheres 128 (21) (2023)
  32. Balabin Yu, Germanenko A et al 9 37 (2023)
  33. Aleksandrov N L, Ponomarev A A et al Fizika Plazmy 49 1186 (2023)
  34. Bazelyan E M Fizika Plazmy 49 1205 (2023)
  35. Levko D, Raja L L 30 (7) (2023)
  36. Druzhin G I, Malkin E I, Kapustina O V Geomagn. Aeron. 63 620 (2023)
  37. Beloplotov D, Sorokin D, Tarasenko V Pulsed Discharge Plasmas Springer Series In Plasma Science And Technology Chapter 10 (2023) p. 297
  38. Balabin Yu, Germanenko A et al 9 41 (2023)
  39. Li D, Luque A et al Geophysical Research Letters 49 (7) (2022)
  40. Ivanovskiy A V Physics Letters A 440 128112 (2022)
  41. Zubarev N M, Zubareva O V, Yalandin M I Electronics 11 2771 (2022)
  42. Huang B, Zhang Ch et al Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 31 114002 (2022)
  43. Diniz G, Wada Y et al JGR Atmospheres 127 (3) (2022)
  44. Dubinov A E, Saikov S K et al Phys. Part. Nuclei 53 848 (2022)
  45. Surkov V, Pilipenko V Journal Of Atmospheric And Solar-Terrestrial Physics 237 105920 (2022)
  46. Bochkov E I J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 135 231 (2022)
  47. Stadnichuk E, Svechnikova E Atmospheric Research 277 106329 (2022)
  48. Liang X, Zhitnitsky A Eur. Phys. J. C 82 (3) (2022)
  49. Zhitnitsky A J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 49 105201 (2022)
  50. Iudin D I, Sysoev A A, Rakov V A Radiophys Quantum El 64 780 (2022)
  51. Malkov M A, Sotnikov V I 29 (8) (2022)
  52. Eroshenko Yu N Phys.-Usp. 64 321 (2021)
  53. Tsap Yu, Kopylova Yu, Karlický M 30 216 (2021)
  54. Hu J, Ma Y et al JGR Atmospheres 126 (20) (2021)
  55. Lisenkov V V, Mamontov Yu I, Tikhonov I N J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2064 012021 (2021)
  56. Syssoev A A, Iudin D I Atmospheric Research 259 105685 (2021)
  57. Haley S, Behnke S et al JGR Atmospheres 126 (19) (2021)
  58. Panasyuk M I Zemlya Vselennaya (1) 23 (2021)
  59. Shepetov A, Antonova V et al Atmospheric Research 248 105266 (2021)
  60. Diniz G S, Ferreira I S et al JGR Atmospheres 126 (3) (2021)
  61. Mamontov Yu I, Zubarev N M, Uimanov I V IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 49 2589 (2021)
  62. Zhitnitsky A Universe 7 384 (2021)
  63. Bochkov E I, Babich L P, Kutsyk I M Plasma Phys. Rep. 47 1027 (2021)
  64. Beloplotov D V, Tarasenko V F et al J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 54 304001 (2021)
  65. Zhitnitsky A Mod. Phys. Lett. A 36 2130017 (2021)
  66. Gashkov M A, Zubarev N M et al Jetp Lett. 113 370 (2021)
  67. Zhitnitsky A J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 48 065201 (2021)
  68. Stadnichuk E, Svechnikova E et al JGR Atmospheres 126 (24) (2021)
  69. Svechnikova E K, Ilin N V, Mareev E A Phys. Part. Nuclei Lett. 17 840 (2020)
  70. Babich L P Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 190 1261 (2020)
  71. Kostinskiy A Yu, Marshall T C, Stolzenburg M JGR Atmospheres 125 (22) (2020)
  72. Yalandin M I, Sadykova A G et al 27 (10) (2020)
  73. Köhn C, Heumesser M et al Geophysical Research Letters 47 (20) (2020)
  74. Jiang R, Lyu W et al Journal Of Atmospheric And Solar-Terrestrial Physics 203 105274 (2020)
  75. Kurmasheva T A, Briukhanov K A et al J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1690 012074 (2020)
  76. Zubarev N, Sadykova A et al 2020 7th International Congress on Energy Fluxes and Radiation Effects (EFRE), (2020) p. 32
  77. Rapoport Yu, Grimalsky V et al Ann. Geophys. 38 207 (2020)
  78. Lisenkov V V Tech. Phys. 65 710 (2020)
  79. Singh A K, Bhargawa A Advances In Space Research 65 1831 (2020)
  80. Surkov V V, Hayakawa M Surv Geophys 41 1101 (2020)
  81. Bordonskiy G S Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 56 1687 (2020)
  82. Khamitov T, Nozik A et al EPL 132 35001 (2020)
  83. Mesyats G A, Yalandin M I et al 116 (6) (2020)
  84. Oreshkin E V 2020 7th International Congress on Energy Fluxes and Radiation Effects (EFRE), (2020) p. 374
  85. Khaerdinov M N, Khaerdinov N S, Lidvansky A S J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1468 012100 (2020)
  86. Kolobov V, Godyak V 26 (6) (2019)
  87. Ihaddadene K M A, Dwyer J R et al JGR Space Physics 124 7301 (2019)
  88. Jujeczko P 54 137 (2019)
  89. Levko D, Arslanbekov R R, Kolobov V I 26 (6) (2019)
  90. Tsap Yu T, Stepanov A V, Kopylova Yu G Geomagn. Aeron. 59 789 (2019)
  91. Parkevich E V, Medvedev M A et al Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 28 125007 (2019)
  92. Parkevich E V, Ivanenkov G V et al Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 28 079601 (2019)
  93. Babich L P Phys.-Usp. 62 976 (2019)
  94. Huang B, Zhang Ch et al Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 28 095001 (2019)
  95. Hesslow L, Embréus O et al Nucl. Fusion 59 084004 (2019)
  96. Sadykova A G, S P M et al 2018 20th International Symposium on High-Current Electronics (ISHCE), (2018) p. 204
  97. Zubarev N M, Ivanov S N Plasma Phys. Rep. 44 445 (2018)
  98. Oreshkin E EPL 124 15001 (2018)
  99. Kumar S, Siingh D et al Surv Geophys 39 861 (2018)
  100. Embréus O, Stahl A, Fülöp T J. Plasma Phys. 84 (1) (2018)
  101. Pérez‐Invernón F J, Luque A, Gordillo‐Vázquez F J JGR Atmospheres 123 7615 (2018)
  102. Zubarev N M, Yalandin M I et al J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 51 284003 (2018)
  103. Rodionov A A, Oginov A V, Shpakov K V Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 82 404 (2018)
  104. Oreshkin E V J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 946 012134 (2018)
  105. Garipov G, Grigoriev A et al Extreme Events in Geospace (2018) p. 473
  106. Artekha S N, Belyan A V Int J Theor Phys 57 388 (2018)
  107. Parkevich E V, Ivanenkov G V et al Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 27 11LT01 (2018)
  108. Beckel L S, Shkilev V D IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 450 052013 (2018)
  109. Arrayás M, Cubero D et al Journal Of Atmospheric And Solar-Terrestrial Physics 172 69 (2018)
  110. Barengolts S A, Zubarev N M et al 2018 20th International Symposium on High-Current Electronics (ISHCE), (2018) p. 179
  111. Embréus O, Hesslow L et al J. Plasma Phys. 84 (5) (2018)
  112. Klimov P A, Panasyuk M I et al Space Sci Rev 212 1687 (2017)
  113. Hou X-M, Zhang Ch et al Acta Phys. Sin. 66 105204 (2017)
  114. Skeltved A B, Østgaard N et al JGR Atmospheres 122 8120 (2017)
  115. Ulmaskulov M R, Mesyats G A et al 88 (4) (2017)
  116. Klimenko V V Radiophys Quantum El 60 583 (2017)
  117. Savushkina L V, Aleksandrin S Yu et al Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 81 219 (2017)
  118. Smirnov B M Microphysics of Atmospheric Phenomena Springer Atmospheric Sciences Chapter 4 (2017) p. 59
  119. Levko D, Raja L L 24 (12) (2017)
  120. Kozhevnikov V Yu, Kozyrev A V, Semeniuk N S Russ Phys J 60 1425 (2017)
  121. Zubarev N M, Mesyats G A, Yalandin M I Jetp Lett. 105 537 (2017)
  122. Oreshkin E V, Barengolts S A et al 24 (10) (2017)
  123. Temnikov A G, Chernensky L L et al Therm. Eng. 64 994 (2017)
  124. Babich L P, Bochkov E I J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 124 701 (2017)
  125. Embréus O, Stahl A, Fülöp T New J. Phys. 18 093023 (2016)
  126. Malkov M  A, Diamond P  H, Sagdeev R  Z Phys. Rev. D 94 (6) (2016)
  127. Ishtiaq P M, Mufti S et al JGR Atmospheres 121 692 (2016)
  128. Angelov Ch, Nikolova N et al Sustainable Development in Mountain Regions Chapter 24 (2016) p. 349
  129. Zalikhanov B Zh Phys. Part. Nuclei 47 108 (2016)
  130. Tran M D, Rakov V A Sci Rep 6 (1) (2016)
  131. Muranushi T, Akiyama E et al ApJ 815 84 (2015)
  132. Tarasenko V F, Beloplotov D V et al Atmos Ocean Opt 28 591 (2015)
  133. Dwyer J R, Smith D M et al J. Plasma Phys. 81 (4) (2015)
  134. Vodopiyanov I B, Dwyer J R et al JGR Space Physics 120 800 (2015)
  135. Shevkunov S V Colloid J 77 359 (2015)
  136. Baksht E Kh, Burachenko A G, Tarasenko V F Atmos Ocean Opt 28 606 (2015)
  137. Oreshkin E V, Barengolts S A et al 22 (12) (2015)
  138. Kelley N A, Smith D M et al Nat Commun 6 (1) (2015)
  139. Chilingarian A, Hovsepyan G et al EPL 110 49001 (2015)
  140. Eack K B, Beasley W H JGR Atmospheres 120 6887 (2015)
  141. Pavlov G S, Krymsky G F, Petukhov S I Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 79 688 (2015)
  142. Siingh D, Singh R P et al Journal Of Atmospheric And Solar-Terrestrial Physics 134 78 (2015)
  143. Alanakyan Yu R 22 (10) (2015)
  144. Barnes D E, Splitt M E et al JGR Atmospheres 120 3453 (2015)
  145. Demekhov A G Cosmic Res 53 1 (2015)
  146. Iudin D I, Davydenko S S Radiophys Quantum El 58 477 (2015)
  147. Baksht E Kh, Burachenko A G et al Plasma Phys. Rep. 40 404 (2014)
  148. Arabshahi S, Dwyer J R et al JGR Space Physics 119 479 (2014)
  149. Surkov V, Hayakawa M Ultra and Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Chapter 3 (2014) p. 57
  150. Zelenyi L M, Gurevich A V et al Cosmic Res 52 87 (2014)
  151. Dwyer J R, Uman M A Physics Reports 534 147 (2014)
  152. Li L, Liu L et al 115 (2) (2014)
  153. Atri D, Melott A L Astroparticle Physics 53 186 (2014)
  154. Ivanov M F, Kiverin A D et al Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 184 247 (2014)
  155. [Ivanov M F, Kiverin A D et al Phys.-Usp. 57 234 (2014)]
  156. Smirnov B M Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 184 1153 (2014)
  157. [Smirnov B M Phys.-Usp. 57 1041 (2014)]
  158. Bobylev A V, Potapenko I F, Karpov S A Math Models Comput Simul 6 598 (2014)
  159. Karapetyan G  G Phys. Rev. D 89 (9) (2014)
  160. Oreshkin E V, Barengolts S A et al J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 552 012023 (2014)
  161. Köhn Ch, Ebert U Atmospheric Research 135-136 432 (2014)
  162. Mesyats G A, Sadykova A G et al IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 41 2863 (2013)
  163. Gurevich A V, Antonova V P et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 (16) (2013)
  164. Dwyer J R, Liu N, Rassoul H K Geophysical Research Letters 40 4067 (2013)
  165. Rakov V A Surv Geophys 34 701 (2013)
  166. Elensky Ya S, Lapa A V, Lidvansky A S J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 409 012227 (2013)
  167. Drozdov A, Grigoriev A, Malyshkin Y JGR Space Physics 118 947 (2013)
  168. Khodataev K V The Atmosphere and Ionosphere Physics Of Earth And Space Environments Chapter 5 (2013) p. 221
  169. Schaal M M, Dwyer J R et al JGR Atmospheres 118 (20) (2013)
  170. Levko D, Krasik Ya E et al Journal Of Applied Physics 113 196101 (2013)
  171. Siingh D, Kumar P R et al Atmospheric Research 120-121 99 (2013)
  172. Dwyer J R, Smith D M, Cummer S A Space Sciences Series Of ISSI Vol. Particle Acceleration in Cosmic PlasmasHigh-Energy Atmospheric Physics: Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes and Related Phenomena45 Chapter 5 (2012) p. 133
  173. Levko D, Tarasenko V F, Krasik Ya E 112 (7) (2012)
  174. Simões F, Pfaff R et al Space Sci Rev 168 551 (2012)
  175. Gurevich A V, Roussel‐Dupre R, Milikh G M J. Geophys. Res. 117 (A4) (2012)
  176. Levko D, Tz G V, Krasik Ya E 111 (12) (2012)
  177. Dwyer J R, Schaal M M et al J. Geophys. Res. 117 (A10) (2012)
  178. Oreshkin E V, Barengolts S A et al Tech. Phys. Lett. 38 604 (2012)
  179. Dwyer J R J. Geophys. Res. 117 (A2) (2012)
  180. Karapetyan G G Astroparticle Physics 38 46 (2012)
  181. Baksht E Kh, Belomyttsev S Ya et al Tech. Phys. 57 998 (2012)
  182. Zhang Ch, Shao T et al Acta Phys. Sin. 61 035202 (2012)
  183. Schaal M M, Dwyer J R et al J. Geophys. Res. 117 (D15) (2012)
  184. Oreshkin E V, Barengolts S A et al 19 (4) (2012)
  185. Dwyer J R, Babich L J. Geophys. Res. 117 (A4) (2012)
  186. Gurevich A V, Mesyats G A et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 (8) (2012)
  187. Dwyer J R, Smith D M, Cummer S A Space Sci Rev 173 133 (2012)
  188. Oreshkin E V, Barengolts S A et al 19 (1) (2012)
  189. Levko D, Krasik Ya E 112 (11) (2012)
  190. Barabanov V N, Dubinov A E et al Plasma Phys. Rep. 38 169 (2012)
  191. Khodataev K 50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, (2012)
  192. Agafonov A V, Oginov A V, Shpakov K V Phys. Part. Nuclei Lett. 9 380 (2012)
  193. Surkov V V, Hayakawa M Ann. Geophys. 30 1185 (2012)
  194. Oginov A V, Shpakov K V et al 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Technology, (2011) p. 6357
  195. Dwyer J R, Babich L P J. Geophys. Res. 116 n/a (2011)
  196. Singh A K, Siingh D, Singh R P Atmospheric Environment 45 3806 (2011)
  197. Gurevich A V, Chubenko A P et al Physics Letters A 375 4003 (2011)
  198. Elensky Ya S, Lapa A V, Lidvansky A S Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 75 840 (2011)
  199. Babich L P, Bochkov E I J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 112 494 (2011)
  200. Singh A K, Siingh D et al International Journal Of Geophysics 2011 1 (2011)
  201. Dwyer J R, Rassoul H K J. Geophys. Res. 116 n/a (2011)
  202. Shao T, Tarasenko V F et al New J. Phys. 13 113035 (2011)
  203. Shao T, Zhang Ch et al 98 (2) (2011)
  204. Siingh D, Singh R P et al Surv Geophys 32 659 (2011)
  205. Simões F, Pfaff R et al Space Sciences Series Of ISSI Vol. Dynamic Coupling Between Earth’s Atmospheric and Plasma EnvironmentsA Review of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Wave Phenomena Related to Tropospheric-Ionospheric Coupling Mechanisms42 Chapter 20 (2011) p. 551
  206. Gurevich A V, Mesyats G A et al 2011 Abstracts IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, (2011) p. 1
  207. Paras M K, Rai Ja JEMAA 03 479 (2011)
  208. Celestin S, Pasko V P J. Geophys. Res. 116 (A3) (2011)
  209. Gurevich A V, Mesyats G A et al Physics Letters A 375 2845 (2011)
  210. Gurevich A V, Chubenko A P et al Physics Letters A 375 1619 (2011)
  211. Boichenko A M, Burachenko A G et al Tech. Phys. 56 1202 (2011)
  212. Tarasenko V F Atmos Ocean Opt 23 60 (2010)
  213. Williams E R J. Geophys. Res. 115 (A8) (2010)
  214. Dwyer J R, Smith D M et al J. Geophys. Res. 115 (D9) (2010)
  215. Kostyrya I D, Tarasenko V F Tech. Phys. 55 270 (2010)
  216. Siingh D, Singh R P Pramana - J Phys 74 153 (2010)
  217. Duclous R, Morreeuw J -P et al Laser Part. Beams 28 165 (2010)
  218. Tarasenko V F, Baksht E Kh et al IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 38 741 (2010)
  219. Tsendin L D Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 180 139 (2010)
  220. Milikh G, Roussel‐Dupré Robert J. Geophys. Res. 115 (A12) (2010)
  221. Dwyer J R, Smith D M J. Geophys. Res. 115 (D10) (2010)
  222. Erlykin A D, Wolfendale A W Surv Geophys 31 383 (2010)
  223. Pokorný P, Mikeš P, Lukáš D EPL 92 47002 (2010)
  224. Mareev E A Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 180 527 (2010)
  225. Gjesteland T, Østgaard N et al J. Geophys. Res. 115 (A5) (2010)
  226. Dwyer J R J. Geophys. Res. 115 (A3) (2010)
  227. Howard J, Uman M A et al J. Geophys. Res. 115 (D6) (2010)
  228. Pasko V P J. Geophys. Res. 115 (A6) (2010)
  229. Dorman L I Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 180 519 (2010)
  230. Babich L P, Bochkov E I et al J. Geophys. Res. 115 (A5) (2010)
  231. Tarasenko V F, Kostyrya I D 2010 IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference, (2010) p. 651
  232. Carlson B E, Lehtinen N G, Inan U S J. Geophys. Res. 115 (A10) (2010)
  233. Panasyuk M I, Bogomolov V V et al J. Geophys. Res. 115 (A6) (2010)
  234. Bakhtiari M J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42 015209 (2009)
  235. Lidvansky A S, Khaerdinov N S Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 73 400 (2009)
  236. Tsendin L D Tech. Phys. Lett. 35 1044 (2009)
  237. Carlson B E, Lehtinen N G, Inan U S J. Geophys. Res. 114 (A12) (2009)
  238. Saleh Z, Dwyer J et al J. Geophys. Res. 114 (D17) (2009)
  239. Veden’kin N N, Dmitriev A V et al Moscow Univ. Phys. 64 450 (2009)
  240. Cooray V, Becerra M, Rakov V Journal Of Atmospheric And Solar-Terrestrial Physics 71 1397 (2009)
  241. Antonova V P, Vildanova L I et al Radiophys Quantum El 52 627 (2009)
  242. Mesyats G A, Yalandin M I IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 37 785 (2009)
  243. Chubenko A P, Karashtin A N et al Physics Letters A 373 2953 (2009)
  244. Petrović Z L, Stojanović V, Nikitović Ž Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 18 034017 (2009)
  245. Gurevich A V, Karashtin A N et al Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 179 779 (2009)
  246. Dwyer J R, Uman M A, Rassoul H K J. Geophys. Res. 114 (D9) (2009)
  247. Mareev E A, Stasenko V N Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 45 663 (2009)
  248. Tarasenko V F, Kostyrya I D 2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference, (2009) p. 716
  249. Babich L P, Bochkov E I, Kutsyk I M Geomagn. Aeron. 49 232 (2009)
  250. Pasko V P Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 50 124050 (2008)
  251. Dorman L I Adv. Geosci. 14 281 (2008)
  252. Babich L P, Donskoy E N, Kutsyk I M J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 107 (1) (2008)
  253. Khrenov B A, Garipov G K et al Cosmic Res 46 25 (2008)
  254. Klimov S I, Rodin V G et al Small Satellites for Earth Observation Chapter 31 (2008) p. 333
  255. Babich L P, Kudryavtsev A Yu et al J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 106 65 (2008)
  256. Tarasenko V F, Baksht E H et al Laser Part. Beams 26 605 (2008)
  257. Tarasenko V F, Baksht E H et al J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 133 012021 (2008)
  258. Tarasenko V F, Baksht E Kh et al Plasma Devices And Operations 16 267 (2008)
  259. Treumann R A, Kłos Z, Parrot M Space Sci Rev 137 133 (2008)
  260. Mishin E V, Milikh G M Space Sci Rev 137 473 (2008)
  261. Dwyer J R, Saleh Z et al J. Geophys. Res. 113 (D23) (2008)
  262. Komarov V N Russ Phys J 51 1316 (2008)
  263. Carlson B E, Lehtinen N G, Inan U S J. Geophys. Res. 113 (A10) (2008)
  264. Mesyats G A, Yalandin M I et al IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 36 2497 (2008)
  265. Østgaard N, Gjesteland T et al J. Geophys. Res. 113 (A2) (2008)
  266. Dwyer J R Lightning: Principles, Instruments and Applications Chapter 15 (2008) p. 331
  267. Tarasenko V F, Yakovlenko S I Phys. Wave Phen. 16 207 (2008)
  268. Dwyer J R J. Geophys. Res. 113 (D10) (2008)
  269. Babich L P, Kudryavtsev A Yu et al Geomagn. Aeron. 48 367 (2008)
  270. Petersen D, Bailey M et al J. Geophys. Res. 113 (D17) (2008)
  271. Baksht E Kh, Kostyrya I D et al Phys. Wave Phen. 16 199 (2008)
  272. Treumann R A, Kłos Z, Parrot M Space Sciences Series Of ISSI Vol. Planetary Atmospheric ElectricityPhysics of Electric Discharges in Atmospheric Gases: An Informal Introduction30 Chapter 9 (2008) p. 133
  273. Mishin E V, Milikh G M Space Sciences Series Of ISSI Vol. Planetary Atmospheric ElectricityBlue Jets: Upward Lightning30 Chapter 29 (2008) p. 473
  274. Dwyer J R, Grefenstette B W, Smith D M Geophysical Research Letters 35 (2) (2008)
  275. Stolzenburg M, Marshall T C Lightning: Principles, Instruments and Applications Chapter 3 (2008) p. 57
  276. Babich L P Geomagn. Aeron. 47 664 (2007)
  277. Bratchikov V B, Gagarinov K A et al Tech. Phys. 52 856 (2007)
  278. Babich L P, Roussel‐Dupré Robert A J. Geophys. Res. 112 (D13) (2007)
  279. Gurevich A V, Zybin K P, Medvedev Yu V Physics Letters A 361 119 (2007)
  280. Riousset Je A, Pasko V P et al J. Geophys. Res. 112 (D15) (2007)
  281. Babich L P, Bochkov E I, Kutsyk I M Geomagn. Aeron. 47 671 (2007)
  282. Elensky Ya S Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 71 1035 (2007)
  283. Erofeev M V, Kostyrya I D, Tarasenko V F Tech. Phys. 52 1291 (2007)
  284. Babich L P Russ Phys J 50 940 (2007)
  285. Raizer Y P, Milikh G M, Shneider M N Journal Of Atmospheric And Solar-Terrestrial Physics 69 925 (2007)
  286. Shelobolin A V J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 40 6669 (2007)
  287. Babich L P, Kudryavtsev A Yu et al Jetp Lett. 85 483 (2007)
  288. Stolzenburg M, Marshall T C et al Geophysical Research Letters 34 (4) (2007)
  289. Dwyer J R 14 (4) (2007)
  290. Tkachev A N, Fedenev A A, Yakovlenko S I Tech. Phys. 52 699 (2007)
  291. Kostyrya I D, Tarasenko V F et al Tech. Phys. 51 356 (2006)
  292. Pasko V P NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics And Chemistry Vol. Sprites, Elves and Intense Lightning DischargesTHE ORETICAL MODELING OF SPRITES AND JETS225 Chapter 12 (2006) p. 253
  293. Tarasenko V F, Yakovlenko S I et al Laser Phys. 16 526 (2006)
  294. Trakhtengerts V Y, Iudin D I NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics And Chemistry Vol. Sprites, Elves and Intense Lightning DischargesACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THUNDERCLOUD ELECTRODYNAMICS225 Chapter 14 (2006) p. 341
  295. Tkachev A N, Yakovlenko S I Tech. Phys. 51 574 (2006)
  296. Amurina I A, Antonova V P et al Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 151 422 (2006)
  297. Babich L P Jetp Lett. 84 285 (2006)
  298. Rycroft M J Journal Of Atmospheric And Solar-Terrestrial Physics 68 445 (2006)
  299. Dwyer J R, Coleman L M et al Geophysical Research Letters 33 (22) (2006)
  300. Moss G D, Pasko V P et al J. Geophys. Res. 111 (A2) (2006)
  301. Yakovlenko S I Laser Phys. 16 403 (2006)
  302. Gurevich A V, Zybin K P, Medvedev Yu V Physics Letters A 349 331 (2006)
  303. Tarasenko V F, Kostyrya I D et al Tech. Phys. 51 1576 (2006)
  304. Tarasenko V F 88 (8) (2006)
  305. Behnke S A, Thomas R J et al J. Geophys. Res. 110 (D10) (2005)
  306. Maggio Ch, Coleman L et al 22 1059 (2005)
  307. McBreen B, Winston E et al A&A 429 L41 (2005)
  308. Bakhtiari M, Kramer G J et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (21) (2005)
  309. Marshall T C, Stolzenburg M et al Geophysical Research Letters 32 (3) (2005)
  310. Milikh G M, Guzdar P N, Sharma A S J. Geophys. Res. 110 (A2) (2005)
  311. Dwyer J R, Rassoul H K et al Geophysical Research Letters 32 (1) (2005)
  312. Karashtin A N, Shlyugaev Yu V, Gurevich A V Radiophys Quantum Electron 48 711 (2005)
  313. Inan U S, Lehtinen N G Geophysical Research Letters 32 (19) (2005)
  314. AMURINA I V, ANTONOVA V P et al Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 20 6778 (2005)
  315. Tarasenko V F, Kostyrya I D Russ Phys J 48 1257 (2005)
  316. Dwyer J R Geophysical Research Letters 32 (20) (2005)
  317. Trakhtengerts V Yu, Iudin D I Radiophys Quantum Electron 48 720 (2005)
  318. Kuznetsov Yu K, Galvão R M O et al 12 (7) (2005)
  319. Ojha D K, Ghosh S K et al A&A 429 961 (2005)
  320. Babich L P Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk 175 1069 (2005)
  321. Gurevich A V, Zybin K P 58 37 (2005)
  322. Mukhamedshin R A J. High Energy Phys. 2005 049 (2005)
  323. Garipov G K, Panasyuk M I et al Jetp Lett. 82 185 (2005)
  324. Dwyer J R, Rassoul H K et al Geophysical Research Letters 32 (20) (2005)
  325. Babich L P, Donskoy E N et al Dokl. Phys. 49 35 (2004)
  326. Silva J M, Fleischmann H H, Shih C H IEEE Trans. Power Delivery 19 1472 (2004)
  327. Kuznetsov Yu K, Galvão R M O et al Nucl. Fusion 44 631 (2004)
  328. Dwyer J R, Rassoul H K et al Geophysical Research Letters 31 (5) (2004)
  329. Dorman L I Astrophysics And Space Science Library Vol. Cosmic Rays in the Earth’s Atmosphere and UndergroundCosmic Ray Influence on Atmospheric Electric Field and Thunderstorms, Earth’s Global Charge and Global Electric Current303 Chapter 11 (2004) p. 521
  330. Gurevich A V, Zybin K P Physics Letters A 329 341 (2004)
  331. Dwyer J R, Rassoul H K et al Geophysical Research Letters 31 (5) (2004)
  332. Dwyer J R Geophysical Research Letters 31 (12) (2004)
  333. Lowke J J IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 32 4 (2004)
  334. Kusenko A, Semikoz D Phys. Rev. D 70 (12) (2004)
  335. Gurevich A V, Karashtin A N et al Physics Letters A 325 389 (2004)
  336. Gurevich A V, Medvedev Yu V, Zybin K P Physics Letters A 321 179 (2004)
  337. Gurevich A V, Medvedev Yu V, Zybin K P Physics Letters A 329 348 (2004)
  338. Lidvansky A S J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 29 925 (2003)
  339. Gurevich A V, Duncan L M et al Physics Letters A 312 228 (2003)
  340. Dwyer J R Geophysical Research Letters 30 (20) (2003)
  341. Dorman L I, Dorman I V et al J. Geophys. Res. 108 (A5) (2003)
  342. Chubenko A P, Amurina I V et al Physics Letters A 309 90 (2003)
  343. Moldavanov A V J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 36 L1 (2003)
  344. Alexeenko V V, Khaerdinov N S et al Physics Letters A 301 299 (2002)
  345. Pasko V P, George Je J J. Geophys. Res. 107 (A12) (2002)
  346. Helander P, Eriksson L-G, Andersson F Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 44 B247 (2002)
  347. Gurevich A V, Duncan L M et al Physics Letters A 301 320 (2002)

© 1918–2025 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions