Walter Ritz as a theoretical physicist and his research on the theory of atomic spectra

M.A. El’yashevich^a, N.G. Kembrovskaya^b, L.M. Tomil’chik^c
^aHeat and Mass Transfer Institute, Belarus Academy of Sciences, ul. P Brovka 15, Minsk, 220072, Belarus
^bBelarussian State University, prosp. Nezavisimosti 4, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
^cB.I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, prosp. F. Skoriny 70, Minsk, 220602, Belarus

An historical and methodological analysis is given of the scientific heritage of the remarkable Swiss theoretical physicist Walter Ritz (1878-1909) on the basis of a study of his complete works edited in 1911. The general characteristics of Ritz’s works — including the papers on spectroscopy, the variational method, and electrodynamics — are discussed, and his fundamental research in the theory of atomic spectra is considered in detail. The elastic and the magnetic atomic models, proposed by Ritz to explain the spectral laws and based on a classical approach, are discussed. It is shown that the generalised Balmer and Rydberg formulas and the combination principle, which later became a basis for the formulation of Bohr’s frequency condition, were obtained by Ritz as a result of mathematical deductions from his models and were not of semi-empirical character as is usually believed.

PACS: 01.65.+g, 32.30.−r (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU1995v038n04ABEH000083
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1995/4/d/
Web of Science

A1995RH54700004
Citation: El’yashevich M A, Kembrovskaya N G, Tomil’chik L M "Walter Ritz as a theoretical physicist and his research on the theory of atomic spectra" Phys. Usp. 38 435–455 (1995)

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Оригинал: Ельяшевич М А, Кембровская Н Г, Томильчик Л М «Вальтер Ритц как физик-теоретик и его исследования по теории атомных спектров» УФН 165 457–480 (1995); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0165.199504d.0457

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