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Reviews of topical problems


Fractional charge in quantum field theory and solid-state physics

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Topological solitons that polarize the Dirac vacuum can assume fractional fermion (and electric) charge. The effect is investigated in detail in low-dimensional [(1+1)- and (2+1)-dimensional space-time] quantum field theory models. A review is given of phenomena associated with fractional charges found experimentally in quasi-one-dimensional (spin-charge anomaly in lightly doped polyacetylene) and two-dimensional systems (quantum Hall effect). Topics covered include: (1) fractional charge in one-dimensional quantum field theory models, (2) anomalous quantum numbers in the Peierls--Fr\"ohlich system, and (3) twodimensional models of quantum field theory and the quantum Hall effect.

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Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1987v030n05ABEH002884
PACS: 11.10.Lm, 11.30.Pb, 11.30.Rd, 12.20.−m, 73.43.Jn (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU1987v030n05ABEH002884
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1987/5/b/
Citation: Krive I V, Rozhavskii A S "Fractional charge in quantum field theory and solid-state physics" Sov. Phys. Usp. 30 370–392 (1987)
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Îðèãèíàë: Êðèâå È Â, Ðîæàâñêèé À Ñ «Äðîáíûé çàðÿä â êâàíòîâîé òåîðèè ïîëÿ è ôèçèêå òâåðäîãî òåëà» ÓÔÍ 152 33–74 (1987); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0152.198705b.0033

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