Issues

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1978

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February

  

Reviews of topical problems


Shift of K x-ray lines associated with valency change and with isomorphous phase transitions in rare earths

Studies are reviewed that employ the effect of an anomalously strong shift of the fundamental $K$-series x-ray lines associated with a change in the number of 4$f$ electrons in a given atom for investigating the phenomenon of variable valency in compounds of the rare-earth elements in general, and the so-called isomorphous phase transitions in these compounds in particular. The mechanism of the shift effect and its theory are described. The available data on the shifts of the $K$-lines of the different compounds of all the rare-earth elements (except promethium) are discussed. A summary table gives the valencies (including the anomalous ones), the occurrence of which has been proved by this method. Application of the $K$-shift method for studying isomorphous (or isostructural) transitions allows one to establish unambiguously that the mechanism of these transitions involves a change in the number of 4$f$ electrons, and to measure the magnitude of these changes. The review concludes with a brief description of the principles and design of the required experimental apparatus-crystal diffraction spectrometers.

PACS: 64.70.Kb, 32.30.Rj, 61.60.+m (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU1978v021n02ABEH005519
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1978/2/c/
Citation: Sumbaev O I "Shift of K x-ray lines associated with valency change and with isomorphous phase transitions in rare earths" Sov. Phys. Usp. 21 141–154 (1978)
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Оригинал: Сумбаев О И «Смещение рентгеновских K-линий при изменениях валентности и изоморфных фазовых переходах в редких землях» УФН 124 281–306 (1978); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0124.197802c.0281

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