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1977

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August

  

Reviews of topical problems


From the origin of quantum concepts to the establishment of quantum mechanics


Heat and Mass Transfer Institute, Belarus Academy of Sciences, ul. P Brovka 15, Minsk, 220072, Belarus

The article deals with the origins and development, in the first quarter of the 20th century, of the fundamental ideas advanced by Planck and Einstein and by Bohr and de Broglie concerning the quantum of action, the quanta of energy and the quanta of light, the stationary states of atomic systems and jumplike transitions between them, the correspondence principle, and the particle-wave dualism. It is shown how the development of the quantum concepts have led to two approaches to the creation of quantum mechanics by Heisenberg, Born, and Dirac in algebraic form and by Schrodinger in analytic form. The main stages in the evolution of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics are described, namely the development of wave mechanics and matrix mechanics, the proofs of their equivalence, the physical interpretation of the wave function, the generalized formulation of quantum mechanics as a unified theory, and the discovery of the uncertainty relations. The most important trends in the development of quantum mechanics in the course of its evolution are considered. A complete bibliography of the main period of evolution of quantum mechanics (July 1925--March 1928), classified by topics and by time of publication, is included.

Fulltext pdf (3.3 MB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1977v020n08ABEH005456
PACS: 03.65.Bz, 01.65.+g
DOI: 10.1070/PU1977v020n08ABEH005456
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1977/8/b/
Citation: El’yashevich M A "From the origin of quantum concepts to the establishment of quantum mechanics" Sov. Phys. Usp. 20 656–682 (1977)
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Оригинал: Ельяшевич М А «От возникновения квантовых представлений до становления квантовой механики» УФН 122 673–717 (1977); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0122.197708i.0673

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