Methods are discussed for obtaining and accelerating polarized ions of hydrogen, deuterium, helium-3, and lithium. A review is given of the physical and technological solutions of the problem of ionization of polarized atoms, of the production of polarized ions by the method of charge exchange through a metastable state, and also of the means of avoiding depolarization of particles in acceleration to high energies. The possibility is analyzed of accelerating polarized ions of deuterium in a synchrotron. The possibility of storing polarized ions in electron beams is set forth in detail. Data on working installations are presented. The review includes articles published up to March, 1971.