What problems of physics and astrophysics are of special importance and interest at present?
Introduction 21 I. Macrophysics 22 1. Controlled thermonuclear fusion 22 2. High-temperature superconductivity 23 3. New substances (metallic hydrogen, anomalous water, etc.) 24 4. The metallic exciton (electron-hole) liquid in semiconductors 25 5. Second-order phase transitions (critical phenomena) 25 6. Superheavy (far-transuranic) elements 26 II. Microphysics 27 7. Introduction 27 8. The mass spectrum (the third spectroscopy) 28 9. The fundamental length (quantized space, etc.) 29 10. Interaction of particles at high and ultrahigh energies 29 11. Violation of CP invariance 30 12. The microphysics of yesterday, today, and tomorrow 30 III. Astrophysics 31 13. Experimental verification of general relativity theory 31 14. Gravitational waves 32 15. Cosmological problems. Singularities in the general theory of relativity and cosmology 33 16. Quasars and galactic nuclei 34 17. Neutron stars and pulsars 35 18. Origin of cosmic rays and of cosmic gamma- and x-radiation 36 19. Neutrino astronomy 36 20. A few remarks on the development of astronomy 37 IV. Conclusion 37 Cited literature 38
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