Introduction 21
I. Macrophysics 22
1. Controlled thermonuclear fusion 22
2. High-temperature superconductivity 23
3. New substances (metallic hydrogen, anomalous water, etc.) 24
4. The metallic exciton (electron-hole) liquid in semiconductors 25
5. Second-order phase transitions (critical phenomena) 25
6. Superheavy (far-transuranic) elements 26
II. Microphysics 27
7. Introduction 27
8. The mass spectrum (the third spectroscopy) 28
9. The fundamental length (quantized space, etc.) 29
10. Interaction of particles at high and ultrahigh energies 29
11. Violation of CP invariance 30
12. The microphysics of yesterday, today, and tomorrow 30
III. Astrophysics 31
13. Experimental verification of general relativity theory 31
14. Gravitational waves 32
15. Cosmological problems. Singularities in the general theory of relativity and cosmology 33
16. Quasars and galactic nuclei 34
17. Neutron stars and pulsars 35
18. Origin of cosmic rays and of cosmic gamma- and x-radiation 36
19. Neutrino astronomy 36
20. A few remarks on the development of astronomy 37
IV. Conclusion 37
Cited literature 38