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Высокоскоростные волны ионизации при электрическом пробое

 а,  а,  а,  б
а Московский физико-технический институт (национальный исследовательский университет), Институтский пер. 9, Долгопрудный, Московская обл., 141701, Российская Федерация
б Институт математического моделирования РАН, Миусская пл. 4а, Москва, 125047, Российская Федерация

На основе анализа экспериментальных и теоретических работ даны современные представления о моделях высокоскоростных волн ионизации (ВВИ) и представлены характеристики и свойства ВВИ. Основное внимание уделено ВВИ с предельно возможными скоростями 109-2×1010 см с-1 при амплитуде импульсов напряжения 20-300 кВ. При низких и средних давлениях приведенная напряженность электрического поля во фронте ВВИ столь велика, что фронт становится движущимся источником пучка высокоэнергетичных электронов, ток которых достигает величины нескольких килоампер. Высокоэнергетичные электроны фронта при средних давлениях обгоняют фронт и производят предварительную ионизацию газа перед фронтом, а при низких давлениях они, в основном, и определяют механизм движения фронта. При высоких давлениях (более 200 торр) основным источником предионизации является излучение из фронта. Высокая скорость заполнения разрядного объема плазмой, большие напряженности электрического поля во фронте, высокая энергия электронов во фронте и незначительный нагрев газа делают ВВИ привлекательной для применений.

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English fulltext is available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1994v037n03ABEH000011
PACS: 51.50.+v, 52.25.Jm, 52.35.Kt (все)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0164.199403b.0263
URL: https://ufn.ru/ru/articles/1994/3/b/
A1994NH30100002
Цитата: Василяк Л М, Костюченко С В, Кудрявцев Н Н, Филюгин И В "Высокоскоростные волны ионизации при электрическом пробое" УФН 164 263–286 (1994)
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English citation: Vasilyak L M, Kostyuchenko S V, Kudryavtsev N N, Filyugin I V “Fast ionisation waves under electrical breakdown conditions” Phys. Usp. 37 247–268 (1994); DOI: 10.1070/PU1994v037n03ABEH000011

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