RSS-ленты
РусскийEnglish
Выпуск 9, 2024
Том год страница
Выпуски Авторы PACS Подписчикам Для авторов

Выпуски

 / 

1988

 / 

Январь

←  →

Обзоры актуальных проблем


Ускорение космических лучей ударными волнами

,
Институт космофизических исследований и аэрономии им. Ю.Г. Шафера, СО РАН, просп. Ленина 31, Якутск, 677980, Российская Федерация

Обзор результатов теоретических исследований процессов ускорения космических лучей ударными волнами. Основное внимание уделено теории наиболее эффективного из них процесса регулярного ускорения. Изложена линейная теория этого процесса и результаты нелинейных моделей регулярного ускорения, в которых учитывается модификация структуры ударной волны ускоренными частицами. Обсуждаются возможности объяснения явлений генерации высокоэнергичных частиц, наблюдаемых в межпланетном и межзвездном пространстве, на основе регулярного механизма ускорения и ускорение ударными волнами от вспышек сверхновых, как возможный источник галактических космических лучей. Отмечаются наиболее важные нерешенные вопросы, стоящие перед теорией ускорения заряженных частиц ударными волнами. Ил. 11. Библиографических ссылок 170 (176 назв.)

Текст pdf (1,2 Мб)
English fulltext is available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1988v031n01ABEH002534
PACS: 96.50.Fm, 98.70.Sa, 97.60.Bw, 52.65.Kj, 95.30.Qd (все)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0154.198801b.0049
URL: https://ufn.ru/ru/articles/1988/1/b/
Цитата: Бережко Е Г, Крымский Г Ф "Ускорение космических лучей ударными волнами" УФН 154 49–91 (1988)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

English citation: Berezhko E G, Krymskii G F “Acceleration of cosmic rays by shock waves” Sov. Phys. Usp. 31 27–51 (1988); DOI: 10.1070/PU1988v031n01ABEH002534

Список литературы (170) ↓ Статьи, ссылающиеся на эту (136) Похожие статьи (20)

  1. Toptygin I N Cosmic Rays in the Interplanetary Magnetic Fields (in Russian) (Nauka, M., 1983)
  2. Berezinskil VS, S V Bulanov, V L Ginzburg, V A Dogel, and V S Ptuskin Cosmic-Ray Astrophysics (in Russian) (Nauka, M., 1984)
  3. Blokh Ya L, L I Dorman, and N S Kaminer Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cosmic Rays, Moscow, 1959 (in Russian) Vol. Vol. 4 p. 178
  4. Ney E P, I R Winckler, and P S Freier Phys. Rev. Lett. 3 183 (1959)
  5. Charakhch'yan A N, V F Tulinov, and T H Charakhch'yan Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 38 1031 (1960); Charakhch'yan A N, V F Tulinov, and T H Charakhch'yan Sov. Phys. JETP 11 742 (1960)
  6. Charakhch'yan A N Usp. Fiz. Nauk 83 35 (1964); Charakhch'yan A N Sov. Phys. Usp. 7 358 (1964)
  7. Andersen K A and D C Enmark J. Geophys. Res. 65 1034 (1960)
  8. Axford W I and G C Reid J. Geophys. Res. 67 1692 (1962); Axford W I and G C Reid J. Geophys. Res. 68 1793 (1962)
  9. Parker E N Phys. Rev. 109 1328 (1958)
  10. Dorman L I and G I Freidman Questions of Magnetohydrodynamics and Plasma Dynamics (in Russian) (Zinatne, Riga, 1959) p. 77
  11. Hoyle F Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 120 338 (1960)
  12. Shabanski&ibreve; V P Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 41 1107 (1961); Shabanski&ibreve; V P Sov. Phys. JETP 14 791 (1962)
  13. Hudson P D Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 131 23 (1965)
  14. Tversko&ibreve; B A Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 52 483 (1967); Tversko&ibreve; B A (Sov. Phys. JETP 25 317 (1967)
  15. Tversko&ibreve; B A Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 53 1417 (1967); Tversko&ibreve; B A Sov. Phys. JETP 26 821 (1968)
  16. Alekseev I I and A P Kropotkin Geomagn. Aeron. 10 953 (1970); Alekseev I I and A P Kropotkin Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 10 755 (1970)
  17. Bryant D A, T L Cline, V D Desai, and F B McDonald J. Geophys. Res. 67 4983 (1962)
  18. Vernov S N, E V Gorchakov, and G A Timofeev Geomagn. Aeron. 9 961 (1969); Vernov S N, E V Gorchakov, and G A Timofeev Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 9 775 (1969)
  19. Landau L D and E M Lifshitz Fluid Mechanics (Addison-Wessley, Reading, Mass., 1959); Russ. original., Landau L D and E M Lifshitz Fluid Mechanics (Gostekhizdat, M., 1953)
  20. Zel'dovich Ya B and Yu P Raizer Physics of Shock Waves and High Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena (Academic Press. N.Y., 1966); Russ. original., Zel'dovich Ya B and Yu P Raizer Physics of Shock Waves and High Temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena (Nauka, M., 1957)
  21. Kadomtsev B B Collective Phenomena in Plasmas (in Russian) (Nauka, M., 1976)
  22. Sagdeev R Z Reviews of Plasma Physics Vol. Vol. 4 (Consultants Bureau, New York, 1966) p. 23; Russ. original., Sagdeev R Z Reviews of Plasma Physics (Atomizdat, M., 1964)
  23. Artsimovich L A and R Z Sagdeev Plasma Physics for Physicists (in Russian) (Atomizdat, M., 1979)
  24. McKee C F and D J Hollenbach J. Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 18 219 (1980)
  25. Pesses M E Thesis (Univ. of Maryland, College Park, 1979)
  26. Webb G M, W I Axford, and Terasawa Astrophys. J. 270 573 (1983)
  27. Sagdeev IR, R Z Sagdeev, V D Shapiro, V I Shevchenko, and K Szego Preprint KFKI-1984-75 (Central Research Institute for Physics, Budapest, 1984)
  28. Arefiev A S, M E Gedalin, V V Krasnoselskikh, and J G Lominadze Proceedings of Course and Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics, ESA SP-251 (Sukhumi, 1986) p. 243
  29. Krymski&ibreve; G F Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 234 1306 (1977); Krymski&ibreve; G F Sov. Phys. Dokl. 22 327 (1977)
  30. Axford W I, E Leer, and G Skadron Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 11 (Plovdiv, 1977) p. 132
  31. Bell A R Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 182 147 (1978)
  32. Bell A R Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 182 443 (1978)
  33. Blandford R D and J R Ostriker Astrophys. J. 221 L29 (1978)
  34. Tsytovich V N Theory of Turbulent Plasma (Plenum, N. Y., 1974); Russ. original., Tsytovich V N Theory of Turbulent Plasma (Atomizdat, M., 1971)
  35. Elshin V K, G F Krymskii, S I Petukhov, Yu A Romashchenko, and I A Transkil Geomagn. Aeron. 19 793 (1979); Elshin V K, G F Krymskii, S I Petukhov, Yu A Romashchenko, and I A Transkil Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 19 411 (1979)
  36. Michel F C Astrophys. 247 664 (1981)
  37. Peacock J A Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 196 135 (1981)
  38. Webb G M, L C O'Drury, and P Bierman Astron. Astrophys. 137 185 (1984)
  39. O'Drury L C Rep. Prog. Phys. 46 973 (1983)
  40. Shklovski&ibreve; I S Supernovae and Related Problems (in Russian) (Nauka, M., 1976)
  41. Toptygin I N Space Sci. Rev. 26 157 (1980)
  42. Axford W I Proceedings IAU/IUPAP Symp. No. 94 (D. Reidel, Dordrecht, 1980) p. 339
  43. Axford W I Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 12 (Paris, 1981) p. 155
  44. Blandford R D Proceedings of Workshop on Particle Acceleration in Astrophysics, La Jolla. AIP Conference Proceedings Vol. Vol. 56 (1979) p. 335
  45. Fermi E Phys. Rev. 75 1169 (1949); Fermi E Astrophys. J. 119 1 (1954)
  46. Berezhko E G Pis'ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 33 416 (1981); Berezhko E G JETP Lett. 33 399 (1981)
  47. Berezhko E G and G F Krymski&ibreve; Pis'ma Astron. Zh. 7 636 (1981); Berezhko E G and G F Krymski&ibreve; Sov. Astron. Lett. 7 352 (1981)
  48. Krymski&ibreve; G F Geomagn. Aeron. 4 977 (1964); Krymski&ibreve; G F Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 4 763 (1964)
  49. Parker E N Planet. Space Sci. 13 9 (1965)
  50. Dolginov A Z and I N Toptygin Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 51 1771 (1966); Dolginov A Z and I N Toptygin Sov. Phys. JETP 24 1195 (1967)
  51. Krymski&ibreve; G F Modulation of Cosmic Rays in Interplanetary Space (in Russian) (Nauka, M., 1969)
  52. Parker E N Interplanetary Dynamical Processes (Interscience, N. Y., 1963); Russ. transl., Parker E N Interplanetary Dynamical Processes (Nauka, M., 1965)
  53. Gleeson L Y and A J Webb Astrophys. Space Sci. 60 335 (1978)
  54. Berezhko E G Geomagn. Aeron. 24 714 (1984); Berezhko E G Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 24 584 (1984)
  55. Krymski&ibreve; G F, A I Kuz'min, P A Krivoshapkin, I S Samsonov, G V Skripin, I A Transkir, and N P Chirkov Cosmic Rays and the Solar Wind (in Russian) (Nauka, Novosibirsk, 1981)
  56. Vasil'ev V N, I N Toptygin, and A G Chirkov Geomagn. Aeron. 18 415 (1978); Vasil'ev V N, I N Toptygin, and A G Chirkov Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 18 279 (1978)
  57. Webb G M Astron. Astrophys. 124 163 (1983)
  58. O'Drury L C, W I Axford and D Summers Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Paris, 1981) p. 327; O'Drury L C, W I Axford Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 198 833 (1982)
  59. Krymski&ibreve; G F, V K Elshin, Yu A Romashchenko, and I P Bezrodnykh Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 42 1070 (1978); Krymski&ibreve; G F, V K Elshin, Yu A Romashchenko, and I P Bezrodnykh Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 42 ((5)) 153 (1978)
  60. Elshin V K, G F Krymski&ibreve;, S I Petukhov, A A Turpanov, and Yu A Romashchenko Geomagn. Aeron. 21 781 (1981); Elshin V K, G F Krymski&ibreve;, S I Petukhov, A A Turpanov, and Yu A Romashchenko Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 21 587 (1981)
  61. Vasil'ev V N, I N Toptygin, and A G Chirkov Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 42 984 (1978); Vasil'ev V N, I N Toptygin, and A G Chirkov Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 42 ((5)) 77 (1978)
  62. Vasil'ev V N, I N Toptygin, and A G Chirkov Kosm. Issled. 18 556 (1980); Vasil'ev V N, I N Toptygin, and A G Chirkov Cosmic Res. (USSR) 18 401 (1980)
  63. Prishchep V L and V S Ptuskin Astron. Zh. 58 779 (1981); Prishchep V L and V S Ptuskin Sov. Astron. 25 446 (1981)
  64. Forman M A and L C O'Drury Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Bangalor, 1983) p. 267
  65. Krymsky G F, A I Kuzmin, S I Petukhov, and A A Turpanov Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Kyoto, 1979) p. 38
  66. Lagage P O and C J Cesarsky Proceedings of International School and Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics (Varenna, 1981) p. 317
  67. Lagage P O and C J Cesarsky Astron. Astrophys. 118 223 (1983)
  68. Tverskol B A Proceedings of the Tenth Leningrad Seminar on Space Physics (in Russian) (Leningrad, 1978) p. 137
  69. Tversko&ibreve; B A Geomagn. Aeron. 23 353 (1983); Tversko&ibreve; B A Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 23 291 (1983)
  70. Webb G M Astrophys. J. 270 319 (1983)
  71. Bulanov S V and V A Dogel' Pis'ma Astron. Zh. 5 521 (1979); Bulanov S V and V A Dogel' Sov. Astron. Lett. 5 278 (1979)
  72. Völk H J, G E Morfill, and M A Forman Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Kyoto, 1979) p. 38
  73. Volk H J, G E Morfill, and M A Forman Astrophys. J. 249 161 (1981)
  74. Krymsky G F, A I Kuzmin, and S I Petukhov Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Kyoto, 1979) p. 44
  75. Ginzburg V L and S I Syrovatski&ibreve; Origin of the Cosmic Rays [in Russian] (Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1963)
  76. Trubnikov B A Reviews of Plasma Physics Vol. Vol. 1 (ed M A Leontovich) (Consultants Bureau, N. Y., 1965) p. 105; Russ. original., Trubnikov B A Reviews of Plasma Physics Vol. Vol. 1 (Atomizdat, Moscow, 1963) p. 98
  77. McKee C F and J P Ostriker Astrophys. J. 218 148 (1977)
  78. Baranov V B and K V Krasnobaev Hydrodynamic Theory of Space Plasmas (in Russian) (Nauka, M., 1977)
  79. Webb G M, W I Axford, and M A Forman Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Paris, 1981) p. 309; Webb G M, W I Axford, and M A Forman Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Bangalore, 1983) p. 263
  80. Forman M A, G M Webb, and W I Axford Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Paris, 1981) p. 313
  81. Dorman L I, M E Kats, S F Nosov, Yu I Fedorov, and B A Shakhov Geomagn. Aeron. 22 705 (1982); Dorman L I, M E Kats, S F Nosov, Yu I Fedorov, and B A Shakhov Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 22 585 (1982)
  82. Krymskii G F and S I Petukhov Pis'ma Astron. Zh. 6 227 (1980); Krymskii G F and S I Petukhov Sov. Astron. Lett. 6 124 (1980)
  83. Berezhko E G and G F Krymski&ibreve; Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 46 1656 (1982); Berezhko E G and G F Krymski&ibreve; Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 46 ((9)) 7 (1982)
  84. Berezhko E G Proceedings of Course and Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics, ESA SP-251 (Sukhumi, 1986) p. 271
  85. Berezhko E G, V K Elshin, G F Krymski&ibreve;, and A A Turpanov Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 51 1790 (1987); Berezhko E G, V K Elshin, G F Krymski&ibreve;, and A A Turpanov Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 51 ((10)) (1987)
  86. Tikhonov A N and A A Samarski&ibreve; Equations of Mathematical Physics (Pergamon, Oxford, 1964); Russ. original., Tikhonov A N and A A Samarski&ibreve; Equations of Mathematical Physics (Nauka, M., 1972)
  87. Berezhko E G and G F Krymsky Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Bangalore, 1983) p. 255
  88. Berezhko E G and G F Krymsky Abstracts of the Twenty-fifth Plenary Meeting of COSPAR (Graz, Austria, 1984) p. 128
  89. Bykov A M and I N Toptygin Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 43 2552 (1979); Bykov A M and I N Toptygin Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 43 ((12)) 79 (1979)
  90. Bykov A M and I N Toptygin Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 44 2574 (1980); Bykov A M and I N Toptygin Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 44 ((12)) 102 (1980)
  91. Bykov A M and I N Toptygin Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 45 474 (1981); Bykov A M and I N Toptygin Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 45 ((4)) 23 (1981)
  92. O'Drury L C and H J Völk Astrophys. J. 248 344 (1981)
  93. Axford W I, E Leer, and Y F McKenzie Astron. Astrophys. 111 317 (1982)
  94. McKenzie Y F and H J Völk Astron. Astrophys. 116 191 (1982)
  95. Völk H J, L C O'Drury, and Y F McKenzie Astron. Astrophys. 130 19 (1984)
  96. Völk H J Preprint MPI H-1984-V19 (Max-Planck-Institut fur Kernphysik, Heidelberg, 1984)
  97. Skilling J A Astrophys. 170 265 (1971)
  98. Achterberg A and C A Norman Astron. Astrophys. 89 353 (1980)
  99. Achterberg A Astron. Astrophys. 76 195 (1981)
  100. Ptuskin V S Astrophys. Space Sci. 76 265 (1981)
  101. Lee M A and H J Völk Astrophys. Space Sci. 24 31 (1973)
  102. Bulanov S V and I V Sokolov Astron. Zh. 61 882 (1984); Bulanov S V and I V Sokolov Sov. Astron. 28 515 (1984)
  103. Webb G M Astron. Astrophys. 127 94 (1983)
  104. Bulanov S V and I V Sokolov Pis'ma Astron. Zh. 10 594 (1984); Bulanov S V and I V Sokolov Sov. Astron. Lett. 10 247 (1984)
  105. Krymski&ibreve; G F Proceedings of the Seventh European Symposium on Cosmic Rays (in Russian) (Leningrad, 1980) p. 200
  106. Krymski&ibreve; GF Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 45 461 (1981); Krymski&ibreve; GF Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 45 ((4)) 11 (1981)
  107. Ellison D C Thesis (Catholic University, Washington, 1981)
  108. Ellison D C, F C Jones, and D Eichler J. Geophys. 50 110 (1981)
  109. Ellison D C J. Geophys. Res. Lett. 9 911 (1981)
  110. Eichler D Astrophys. J. 277 429 (1984)
  111. Ellison D C and D Eichler Astrophys. J. 286 691 (1984)
  112. Berezhko E G, V K Yelshin, G F Krymsky, and Yu A Romaschenko Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Bangalore, 1983) p. 259
  113. Berezhko E G, V K Elshin, G F KrymskiT, and Yu A Romaschenko Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 48 2221 (1984); Berezhko E G, V K Elshin, G F KrymskiT, and Yu A Romaschenko Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 48 ((11)) 155 (1984)
  114. Ellison D C J. Geophys. Res. 90 29 (1985)
  115. Ellison D C, F CJones, and D Eichler Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Bangalore, 1983) p. 271
  116. Berezhko E G, V K Yelshin, G F Krymsky, and A A Turpanov Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 3 (La Jolla, 1985) p. 152
  117. Eichler D and K Hainebach Phys. Rev. Lett. 47 1560 (1981)
  118. Eichler D Astrophys. 229 419 (1979)
  119. Blandford R D Astrophys. J. 238 410 (1980)
  120. Eichler D Astrophys. J. 244 711 (1981)
  121. Heavens A F Mon. Not. RAS 204 699 (1983)
  122. Achterberg A, R Blandford, and V Periwal Astron. Astrophys. 132 97 (1984)
  123. Krymsky G F Adv. Space Res. 4 175 (1984)
  124. Eichler D Astrophys. J. 294 40 (1985)
  125. Ellison D C and D Eichler J. Geophys. Res. 3 124 (1985); Ellison D C and D Eichler Phys. Rev. Lett. 51 2735 (1985)
  126. Galeev A A Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 86 1655 (1984); Galeev A A Sov. Phys. JETP 59 965 (1984)
  127. Gribov B E, R Z Sagdeev, K Sege, V D Shapiro, and V I Shevchenko Pis'ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 43 230 (1986); Gribov B E, R Z Sagdeev, K Sege, V D Shapiro, and V I Shevchenko JETP Lett. 43 291 (1986)
  128. Kruchina E N, R Z Sagdeev, and V D Shapiro Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 88 789 (1985); Kruchina E N, R Z Sagdeev, and V D Shapiro Sov. Phys. JETP 61 464 (1985)
  129. Musher S L, A M Rubenchik, and I Ya Shapiro Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 90 890 (1986); Musher S L, A M Rubenchik, and I Ya Shapiro Sov. Phys. JETP 63 519 (1986)
  130. Sarris E T and J A Van Allen J. Geophys. Res. 79 4157 (1974)
  131. Akasofu S-I and S Chapman Solar-Terrestrial Physics (Oxford Univ. Press, 1972); Russ. transl., Akasofu S-I and S Chapman Solar-Terrestrial Physics (Nauka, M., 1974)
  132. Lee M A J. Geophys. Res. 87 5063 (1982)
  133. Scholer M F, F M Ipavich, G Glochler, and D Hovestadt J. Geophys. Res. 88 1977 (1983)
  134. van Nes P, R Reinhard, T R Sanderson, and K-P Wenzel J. Geophys. Res. 89 2122 (1984)
  135. Tsurutani B T and R P Lin J. Geophys. Res. 90 1 (1985)
  136. Sunderson T R, R Reinhard, P van Nes, and K-P Wenzel J. Geophys. Res. 89 19 (1985)
  137. Lee M A J. Geophys. Res. 88 6109 (1983)
  138. Gosling Y T, J R Asbridge, S J Bame, W C Feldman, R D Zwickl, G Paschmann, N Sokopke, and P J Hunds J. Geophys. Res. 86 547 (1981)
  139. Lee M A and L A Fisk Space Sci. Rev. 32 205 (1982)
  140. Bai T, H S Hudson, R M Pelling, R P Lin, R A Schwarts, and T T Van Rosenvinge Astrophys. J. 267 433 (1983)
  141. Ellison D C and R Ramaty J. Geophys. Res. 4 6 (1985); Ellison D C and R Ramaty Astrophys. J. 298 400 (1985)
  142. Dorman I V and L I Dorman Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 31 1239 (1967); Dorman I V and L I Dorman Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 31 1266 (1967)
  143. Jokipi&ibreve; J R Astrophys. J. 152 799 (1968)
  144. Bakhareva M F Geomagn. Aeron. 15 393 (1975); Bakhareva M F Geomagn. Aeron. (USSR) 15 327 (1975)
  145. Petukhov S I, V S Nikolaev, and A A Turpanov Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 3 (Paris, 1981) p. 460
  146. Eichler D, M E Pesses, and J R Jokipii Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 3 (Paris, 1981) p. 463
  147. Petukhov S I, A A Turpanov, and V S Nikolaev Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Ser. Fiz. 48 2066 (1984); Petukhov S I, A A Turpanov, and V S Nikolaev Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 48 ((11)) 1 (1984)
  148. Petukhov S I, A A Turpanov, and V S Nikolaev J. Geophys. Res. 4 196 (1985)
  149. Hamilton D C J. Geophys. Res. 82 2157 (1977)
  150. Zwickl R D and W R Webber J. Geophys. Res. 83 1157 (1978)
  151. Zel'dovich M A and Yu I Logachev Kosm. Issled. 21 803 (1983); Not translated in, Zel'dovich M A and Yu I Logachev Cosmic Res. (USSR) 21 (1983); Zel'dovich M A and Yu I Logachev Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser Fiz 47 1785 (1983); Zel'dovich M A and Yu I Logachev Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR Phys. Ser. 47 ((9)) 109 (1983)
  152. Chevalier R A Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 15 175 (1977)
  153. Blandford R D and J P Ostriker Astrophys. J. 237 793 (1980)
  154. Bogdan T Y and H J Volk Astron, Astrophys. 112 129 (1983)
  155. Moraal H and W I Axford Astron. Astrophys. 125 204 (1983)
  156. Ginzburg V L, Ya M Khazan, and V S Ptuskin Astrophys. Space Sci. 68 295 (1980)
  157. Ginzburg V L and V S Ptuskin Proceedings, of the Seventeenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Paris, 1981) p. 336
  158. Fedorenko V N Astrophys. Space Sci. 96 25 (1983)
  159. Ginzburg V L and V S Ptuskin Scientific and Technological Progress. Astronomy Series (in Russian) Vol. Vol. 24 (VINITI Akad. Nauk SSSR, M., 1983) p. 94
  160. Garcia-Munoz M, G M Mazon, and J A Simpson Astrophys. J. 217 859 (1977)
  161. Hayakawa S Cosmic Ray Physics (J. Wiley, New York, 1969)
  162. Cowsik R Astrophys. J. 241 1195 (1980)
  163. Eichler D Astrophys. J. 237 809 (1980)
  164. Lerche I and R Schlickeiser J. Geophys. Res. 3 226 (1985)
  165. Cowsik R and M A Lee Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Cosmic Ray Conference Vol. Vol. 2 (Paris, 1981) p. 318
  166. Jokipii J R and G E Morfill J. Geophys. Res. 90 29 (1985)
  167. Kazanas D D and C Ellison J. Geophys. Res. 90 128 (1985)
  168. McKenzie J F and G M Webb J. Plasma Phys. 31 275 (1984)
  169. Zank A P and J F McKenzie J. Geophys. Res. 3 111 (1985)
  170. Dorfi E A and L C O'Drury J. Geophys. Res. 3 121 (1985)
© Успехи физических наук, 1918–2024
Электронная почта: ufn@ufn.ru Телефоны и адреса редакции О журнале Пользовательское соглашение