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Лиотропные нематики


Рассмотрено современное состояние и перспективы быстро развивающейся области, изучающей строение и свойства лиотропных нематических жидких кристаллов. Приведены типичные амфифилы, системы на их основе. Обсуждаются структуры и классификация на их основе. Рассмотрены типичные текстуры и их оптические свойства. Подробно описываются физические свойства нематиков: диамагнитные, диэлектрические и вязкоупругие. Специальный раздел посвящен двуосным нематикам, не имеющим аналогов среди термотропных нематических жидких кристаллов. Рассмотрены особенности их параметра порядка и упругих свойств. Описаны текстуры и оптические свойства. Далее обсуждается молекулярное упорядочение (по данным ЯМР) и особенности фазовых переходов. В заключении рассмотрены лиотропные холестерики как на основе индивидуальных химических соединений, так и индуцированных хиральными добавками. Табл. 7. Ил. 23. Библиогр. ссылок 143.

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English fulltext is available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1987v030n10ABEH002967
PACS: 61.30.St, 61.30.Gd, 64.70.Md, 78.20.Ci, 62.40.+i, 77.22.−d (все)
DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0153.198710c.0273
URL: https://ufn.ru/ru/articles/1987/10/c/
Цитата: Сонин А С "Лиотропные нематики" УФН 153 273–310 (1987)
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English citation: Sonin A S “Lyotropic nematics” Sov. Phys. Usp. 30 875–896 (1987); DOI: 10.1070/PU1987v030n10ABEH002967

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