# Accepted articles

Reviews of topical problems

# Anomalous Josephson effect

a, b
a Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
b University "Dubna", Universitetskaya str. 19, Dubna, Moscow Region, 141982, Russian Federation

This review is devoted to one of the most relevant areas of modern condensed matter physics - the anomalous Josephson effect (AED), which consists in the appearance of a phase shift in a hybrid structure, leading to a finite superconducting current at zero phase difference. AED reflects the joint manifestation of superconductivity, spin-orbit interaction, and magnetism, and the study of such structures allows progress in understanding their mutual influence, and also opens up promising applications in superconducting spintronics. This review describes the physics of the $\varphi_ {0}$ - junction, the control of the magnetic properties of the barrier by means of a superconducting current, and, in turn, the effect of the magnetic moment of the barrier on the Josephson current. Discussion of new effective methods of magnetic moment flip in $\varphi_ {0}$ - junction, in particular, by a superconducting current pulse, as well as studies of quantum properties of Josephson nanostructures with magnetic and topologically nontrivial barriers for the creation of new superconducting spintronic devices is presented. The experimental realization of the $\varphi_ {0}$ - junction, which was recently demonstrated in a number of works by direct measurement of the current-phase relationship, allows one to measure the magnitude of the spin-orbit coupling and opens up new possibilities for phase control of Josephson devices. This research helps to understand fundamental spin-dependent phenomena as well as develop applications for computer technology. In particular, the control of the magnetic state by superconductivity opens up new possibilities for the development of ultrafast cryogenic memory. This review presents the results of studying the magnetic dynamics along the current-voltage characteristic of the $\varphi_ {0}$ - junction and analysis of the spin dynamics in such transitions. The question of the possibility of controlling the magnetic precession by the appearance of higher harmonics in the current-phase ratio, as well as the dc components of the current, which significantly increase near ferromagnetic resonance, is considered. Interesting phenomena in the $\varphi_ {0}$ - junction occur when exposed to external electromagnetic radiation. Thus, the review presents an analysis of the main theoretical and experimental works devoted to AED, gives examples of the manifestation of AED in various systems, indicates the prospects for research in this direction, and discusses unsolved problems.

 Keywords: Superconducting spintronics, Josephson junction, anomalous Josephson effect, Phi-0 junction DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2020.11.038894 Citation: Shukrinov Yu M "Anomalous Josephson effect" Phys. Usp., accepted Received: 26th, August 2020, revised: 30th, November 2020, accepted: 30th, November 2020 Îðèãèíàë: Øóêðèíîâ Þ Ì «Àíîìàëüíûé ýôôåêò Äæîçåôñîíà» ÓÔÍ, ïðèíÿòà ê ïóáëèêàöèè; DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2020.11.038894
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