At present, ptychography seems to be the most natural and efficient method for approaching the diffraction-limited optical resolution. The general setup of a ptychoscope does not contain refracting or focusing elements and includes a coherent illumination source, a translation stage for displacement of a macroscopic object, and a detector for recording transmitted or reflected radiation from the object, which is connected to a computer for processing diffractograms. In classical optics, the main problem with achieving high spectral resolution is the correction and elimination of aberrations in optical systems, whereas the spatial resolution in ptychography mainly depends on the reliability of recording and computer processing of diffractograms with large numerical apertures. After a brief introduction to the history and state-of-the-art of ptychography, the wave-packet method is considered in detail for calculating the wave field on a detector in the far field and for a large numerical aperture. This gives the relation between fields on the object and detector lying in the base of ePIE (extended Ptychography Iterative Engine) algorithms for recovering images used in practice. The realization of algorithms assumes operations with functions specified in certain domains (coordinate networks) of the direct space and Fourier space related to the object and detector. The size of and steps involved in such networks are rigidly coupled to the object size, its distance to the detector, and the numerical aperture. Programs developed in this paper are used to refine the limits of applicability of the paraxial approximation (Fresnel integrals) in calculations of the field on the detector. Simulations of images obtained by the ptychography method are presented.

Keywords: ptychography, phase recovery PACS: 42.25.−p, 42.30.−d (all) DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2020.05.038775 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2020/8/c/ 000583209000003 2-s2.0-85096318990 2020PhyU...63..766P Citation: Popov N L, Artyukov I A, Vinogradov A V, Protopopov V V "Wave packet in the phase problem in optics and ptychography" Phys. Usp. 63 766–774 (2020) BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks Received: 19th, January 2020, revised: 12th, May 2020, accepted: 22nd, May 2020 Оригинал: Попов Н Л, Артюков И А, Виноградов А В, Протопопов В В «Волновой пакет в фазовой проблеме оптики и птихографии» УФН 190 820–828 (2020); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2020.05.038775