An extraterrestrial life presumably may be discovered not in the worlds separated from Earth by tens of parsecs but on the surface of Earth's nearest planet neighbor in the Solar system, Venus. This conclusion follows from the newly processed archive data of the TV experiment that was performed in 1975 and 1982 on Venus surface by VENERA, Soviet spacecraft missions. One of the main experiments, pioneering in-situ TV scanning of the planet surface, has never been repeated by any other space mission. The unique archive data have been reprocessed using state-of-the-art technologies that enabled image details to be substantially improved. The new analysis of the VENERA television images has identified up to 18 hypothetical living objects that feature a complex regular structure and presumably are capable of a very slow motion. The objects whose dimensions are significant may be indicative of the existence of life on the planet whose physical environment is crucially different from Earth's. Water, which is terrestrial life's basis, cannot exist in liquid phase at temperatures about $460^\circ$C characteristic of the spacecraft landing sites. The water content in the gaseous state is also negligible (about of $2\times 10^{-5}$). Both water and oxygen are virtually absent in Venus's atmosphere. Therefore, the question is: what matter may the life on the planet be built on? We consider chemical compounds stable at high temperatures that may be a base for the hypothetical Venusian life. We conclude that to explore Venus's hypothetical life, a new dedicated mission, much more advanced than the VENERA missions, should be sent to the planet.

Keywords: Venera missions, TV-experiments, astrobiology, amisadas PACS: 96.12.Kz, 96.30.Ea, 96.90.+c (all) DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2018.12.038507 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2019/4/e/ 000472874200005 2-s2.0-85072528909 2019PhyU...62..378K Citation: Ksanfomality L V, Zelenyi L M, Parmon V N, Snytnikov V N "Hypothetical signs of life on Venus: revising results of 1975—1982 TV experiments" Phys. Usp. 62 378–404 (2019) BibTex BibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks %0 Journal Article %T Hypothetical signs of life on Venus: revising results of 1975—1982 TV experiments %A L. V. Ksanfomality %A L. M. Zelenyi %A V. N. Parmon %A V. N. Snytnikov %I Physics-Uspekhi %D 2019 %J Phys. Usp. %V 62 %N 4 %P 378-404 %U https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2019/4/e/ %U https://doi.org/10.3367/UFNe.2018.12.038507 Received: 31st, August 2018, revised: 26th, December 2018, accepted: 26th, December 2018 Оригинал: Ксанфомалити Л В, Зелёный Л М, Пармон В Н, Снытников В Н «Гипотетические признаки жизни на планете Венера: ревизия результатов телевизионных экспериментов 1975—1982 гг.» УФН 189 403–432 (2019); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2018.12.038507