RSS feeds
ÐóññêèéEnglish
Issue 12, 2024
Volume year page
Issues Authors PACS Subscription For authors

Issues

 / 

2000

 / 

October

←  →

Reviews of topical problems


Spatio-temporal problems of locomotion control


A.A. Blagonravov Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Bardina 4, Moscow, 117334, Russian Federation

The problem of the spatio-temporal construction of legged movements involves structural freedoms due to the multi-link structure of the extremities, kinematic freedoms of the stepping cycle, and interextremity coordination freedoms, whose purposive organization is established by means of appropriate synergies, i.e. additional functional links the brain’s control system forms. The main focus of attention in this work is on the kinematic and coordination synergies of the legged movements of humans and animals. The comparative historical analysis of experimental data and modelling metaphors concentrates on obtaining a unified description, whereas the ultimate mathematical metaphor reduces to space-time geometry, with base step synergies as its invariants. Thus, the concept of a synergetic organization for biomechanical movement freedoms is transformed to the geochronometry concept, actually a modification of Minkowskian geometry. To determine the spectrum of possible geochronometries, the consequences of a generalized ’postulate of a constant speed of light’ are studied and different models of wave chronometers compared.

Fulltext pdf (1.1 MB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU2000v043n10ABEH000796
PACS: 01.70.+w, 02.40.Dr, 03.30.+p, 87.19.St (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU2000v043n10ABEH000796
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2000/10/b/
000166243000002
Citation: Smolyaninov V V "Spatio-temporal problems of locomotion control" Phys. Usp. 43 991–1053 (2000)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks
References (92) ↓ Cited by (4) Similar articles (20)

  1. Aristotle De Animalibus Historia (Lipsiae: B.G. Teubneri, 1907) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: ITs RGGU, 1996)]
  2. Aristotle Opera 3 (Berolini: G. Reimerum, 1831) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mysl’, 1981)]
  3. Artem’eva E N, Smolyaninov V V Biomekhanika 24 70 (1992)
  4. Artem’eva E N, Smolyaninov V V Biofizika 38 (4) 714 (1993)
  5. Artem’eva E N et al., in Mozzhechok i Struktury Stvola Mozga (Cerebellum and Cerebral Trunk Structures, Erevan: Gitugyun, NAN RA, 1995) p. 14
  6. Artem’eva E N et al. Med. Biomekhanika 3 26 (1986)
  7. Arshavskiî Yu I et al. Biofizika 10 (3) 665 (1965)
  8. Beletskiî V V Dvunogaya Khod’ba (Bipedal Walk, Moscow: Nauka, 1984)
  9. Bellman R Introduction to Matrix Analysis (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1960) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Nauka, 1969)]
  10. Bernshteîn N A Ocherki po Fiziologii Dvizheniî i Fiziologii Aktivnosti (Essays on Physiology of Motion and Physiology of Activity, Moscow: Medgiz, 1966)
  11. Burke W Spacetime, Geometry, Cosmology (Mill Valley, Calif.: University Science Books, 1980) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1985)]
  12. Bondi H Assumption and Myth in Physical Theory (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1972)]
  13. Weyl H The Classical Groups. Their Invariants and Representations (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1939) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: IL, 1947)]
  14. Wiener N Cybernetics (New York: J. Wiley, 1948) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Sov. radio, 1968)]
  15. Gambaryan P P Beg Mlekopitayushchikh (Running in Mammals, Leningrad: Nauka, 1972)
  16. Gel’fand I M, Tsetlin M L Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 131 (6) 1242 (1960)
  17. Gel’fand I M et al., in Modeli Strukturno-Funktsional’noî Organizatsii Nekotorykh Biologicheskikh Sistem (Models of Structural and Functional Organization of Certain Biological Systems, Moscow: Nauka, 1966) p. 264
  18. Ginzburg V L O Teorii Otnositel’nosti (On the Theory of Relativity, Moscow: Nauka, 1979)
  19. Goubaux A, Barrier G The Exterior of the Horse (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co., 1892) [Translated into Russian (Orel, 1901)]
  20. Gurfinkel’ V S et al., in Issledovaniya Robototekhnicheskikh Sistem (Studies on Robototechnical Systems, Moscow: Nauka, 1980) p. 15
  21. Gurfinkel’ V S, Fomin S V, Shtil’kind T K Biofizika 15 380 (1970)
  22. Descartes R Discours de la Methode Pour bien Conduire sa Raison et Chercher la Verite Dans les Sciences. Plus le Dioptrique, les Meteores et la Geometrie (Paris: J. Vrin, 1930) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: AN SSSR, 1953)]
  23. Dubrovin B A, Novikov S P, Fomenko A T Sovremennaya Geometriya (Modern Geometry, Moscow: Nauka, 1986) [Translated into English (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1992)]
  24. Dieudonne J Algebra Lineaire et Geometrie Elementaire (Paris: Hermann, 1968) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Nauka, 1972)]
  25. Zatsiorskiî V M, Aruin A S, Seluyanov V N Biomekhanika Dvigatel’nogo Apparata Cheloveka (Biomechanics of Human Locomotor System, Moscow: Fizkul’tura i sport, 1981)
  26. Karpovich A L, Smolyaninov V V Zh. Evolutsion. Biokhim. Fiziol. 10 (5) 480 (1974)
  27. Karpovich A L, Smolyaninov V V Fiziol. Cheloveka 1 (1) 167 (1975)
  28. Karpovich A L, Smolyaninov V V, in Biomekhanika (Trudy Rizhskogo NII Travmatologii i Ortopedii) Vol. 13 (Riga, 1975) p. 672
  29. Karpovich A L, Smolyaninov V V Zh. Evolutsion. Biokhim. Fiziol. 13 (1) 31 (1977)
  30. Karpovich A L, Smolyaninov V V, in Lokomotsiya Zhivotnykh i Biomekhanika Oporno-Dvigatel’nogo Apparata (Animal Locomotion and Biomechanics of the Locomotor System, Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1979) p. 182
  31. Klein F Elementarmathematik vom höheren Standpunkte aus Bd. 1 Arithmetik, Algebra, Analyse; Bd. 2 Geometrie (Berlin: Springer, 1968) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Nauka, 1987)]
  32. Clifford W C Common Sense of the Exact Sciences (New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1888) [Translated into Russian (Petrograd, 1922)]
  33. Crick F, in The Brain (New York: Scientific American, 1979) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1982) p. 256]
  34. Kublanov M G, Smolyaninov V V, in Intellektual’nye Protsessy i Ikh Modelirovanie (Intellectual Processes and Their Modelling, Moscow: Nauka, 1992) p. 117
  35. Kuhn T S The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1970) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Progress, 1975)]
  36. Lanczos C The Variational Principles of Mechanics (Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1949) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1965)]
  37. Marey E Mechanics of Animal Organism (New York, 1874) [Translated into Russian (St.-Petersburg: Znanie, 1875)]
  38. Marder L Time and the Space Traveller (London: Butterworths, 1971) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1974)]
  39. Nekotorye Voprosy Mekhaniki Robotov i Biomekhaniki (Current Problems of Robotomechanics and Biomechanics, Moscow: MGU, 1978)
  40. Norden A P (Ed.) Ob Osnovaniyakh Geometrii (Fundamentals of Geometry, Moscow: Gostekhizdat, 1956)]
  41. Pauli W The Theory of Relativity (New York: Dover Publ., 1981) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Nauka, 1983)]
  42. Tyapkin A A (Compil.) Printsip Otnositel’nosti (Principle of Relativity, Moscow: Atomizdat, 1973)
  43. Poincaré H O Nauke (About Science, Ed. L S Pontryagin, Moscow: Nauka, 1983)
  44. Rozenfel’d B A Neevklidovy Geometrii (Non-Euclidean Geometries, Moscow: GITTL, 1955)
  45. Szentagothai J, Arbib M Conceptual Models of Neural Organization (Boston: The MIT Press, 1974) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1976)]
  46. Skornyakov L A Elementy Algebry (Elements of Algebra, Moscow: Nauka, 1980)
  47. Skvortsov D V Klinicheskiî Analiz Dvizheniî. Analiz Pokhodki (Clinical Analysis of Movements. Analysis of Gaits, Moscow: MBN, 1996)
  48. Smolyaninov V V, in Matematicheskaya Teoriya Biologicheskikh Protsessov. Tezisy Dokladov 1-î Konf., Kaliningrad, 1976 (Mathematical Theory of Biological Processes. Proc. 1st Conf. held in Kaliningrad, 1976, Exec. Ed. A K Prits, Kaliningrad, 1976) p. 276
  49. Smolyaninov V V "Lokomotornaya teoriya otnositel’nosti" (Locomotor theory of relativity) Preprint IPPI AN SSSR (Moscow: IPPI AN SSSR, 1984)
  50. Smolyaninov V V "Strukturnye i funktsional’nye invarianty raspredelennykh biologicheskikh sistem" (Structural and functional invariants of distributed biological systems) Preprint NTsBI AN SSSR (Pushchino: NTsBI AN SSSR, 1985)
  51. Smolyaninov V V, in Intellektual’nye Protsessy i Ikh Modelirovanie (Intellectual Processes and Their Modelling, Moscow: Nauka, 1992) p. 66
  52. Smolyaninov V V Biol. Zh. Armenii 8 712 (1990)
  53. Smolyaninov V V, in Mozzhechok i Struktury Stvola Mozga (Cerebellum and Cerebral Trunk Structures, Erevan: Gitugyun, NAN RA, 1995) p. 378
  54. Smolyaninov V V Dokl. Ross. Akad. Nauk 341 (4) 478 (1995)
  55. Smolyaninov V V Biol. Membrany 14 (6) 574 (1997)
  56. Smolyaninov V V, Karpovich A L Zh. Evoluts. Biokhim. Fiziol. 8 (5) 523 (1972)
  57. Smolyaninov V V, Karpovich A L Biofizika 20 (3) 527 (1975)
  58. Smolyaninov V V, Karpovich A L Biofizika 20 (4) 709 (1975)
  59. Smolyaninov V V, Karpovich A L Biofizika 20 (5) 925 (1975)
  60. Smolyaninov V V, Karpovich A L, in Lokomotsiya Zhivotnykh i Biomekhanika Oporno-Dvigatel’nogo Apparata (Animal Locomotion and Biomechanics of the Locomotor System, Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1979) p. 176
  61. Sukhanov V B Obshchaya Sistema Simmetrichnoî Lokomotsii Nazemnykh Pozvonochnykh (General System of Symmetric Locomotion in Terrestrial Vertebrates, Leningrad: Nauka, 1968)
  62. Taylor E, Wheeler J Spacetime Physics (San Francisco: Freeman, 1966) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1969, 1971)]
  63. Fedoseev P N et al. (Eds) Filosofskie Problemy Sovremennogo Estestvoznaniya. Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Soveshchaniya po Filosofskim Voprosam Estestvoznaniya (Current Philosophical Problems of Natural Sciences. Proc. All-Union Workshop on Philosophical Problems in Natural Sciences, Moscow: Izd. AN SSSR, 1959)
  64. Hinde R Animal Behaviour. A Synthesis of Ethology and Comparative Psychology 2nd ed. (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1975)]
  65. Chetverukhin N F Proektivnaya Geometriya 8th ed. (Projective Geometry, Moscow: Prosveshchenie, 1969)
  66. Schmidt-Nielsen K Scaling: Why Is Animal Size So Important? (Cambridge: University Press, 1984) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1987)]
  67. Schrödinger E What Is Life. The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell (Cambridge: Univ. Press, 1967) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Atomizdat, 1972)]
  68. Euler L Osnovy Dinamiki Tochki (Principles of Point Dynamics, Moscow-Leningrad: GRTTL, 1938)
  69. Einstein A Fizika i Real’nost’ (Physics and Reality, Moscow: Nauka, 1965)
  70. Yaglom I M Printsip Otnositel’nosti Galileya i Neevklidova Geometriya (Galilean Principle of Relativity and Non-Euclidean Geometry, Series in Mathematical Circle Library, Vol. 11, Moscow: Nauka, 1969)
  71. Braitenberg V Prog. Brain Res. 25 334 (1967)
  72. Borelli J A De Motu Animalum (Lugduni Batavorum, 1680)
  73. Braune W, Fischer O Sachsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften 26 561 (1889)
  74. Das P, McCollum G Neuroscience 25 1023 (1988)
  75. Delcomyn F J. Exp. Biol. 54 443 (1971)
  76. Gray J Animal Locomotion (New York: W W Norton and Co., 1968)
  77. Grillner S, in Handbook of Physiology (1982) p. 1179
  78. Grillner S et al. Brain Res. 165 177 (1979)
  79. Halbertsma J Acta Physiol. Scand., Suppl. 521 75 (1983)
  80. Hughes G M J. Exp. Biol. 34 306 (1957)
  81. Kuznetsov A N J. Theor. Biol. 172 95 (1995)
  82. Lewandowski A A Acta Ornithol. 16 365 (1978)
  83. Mena D, Mansour J M, Simon S R J. Biomechanics 14 823 (1981)
  84. Mochon S, McMahon T A J. Biomechanics 13 49 (1980)
  85. Muybridge E Animal Locomotion 2nd ed. (Philadelphia, 1887; New York: Animal in motion, 1957).
  86. Neural Control of Locomotion (Advances in Behavioral Biology, Vol. 18, New York: Plenum Press, 1976)
  87. Neurobiological Basis of Human Locomotion (Tokyo: Japan Scientific Societies Press, 1991)
  88. Pellionisz A, Llinas R Neuroscience 16 (2) 245 (1985)
  89. Rohrle H et al. J. Biomechanics 17 409 (1984)
  90. Weber W, Weber E Mechanik der Menschlichen Gewerkzeuge (Göttingen, 1836)
  91. Wilson D M Ann. Rev. Entomol. 11 103 (1966)
  92. Winter D A Biomechanics of Human Movement (New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1979)
© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions