RSS feeds
РусскийEnglish
Issue 11, 2024
Volume year page
Issues Authors PACS Subscription For authors

Issues

 / 

1999

 / 

November

←  →

Reviews of topical problems


Radio pulsars


Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prosp. 53, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation

Recent theoretical work concerning the magnetosphere of and radio emission from pulsars is reviewed in detail. Taking into account years of little or no cooperation between theory and observation and noting, in particular, that no systematic observations are in fact being made to check theoretical predictions, the key ideas underlying the theory of the pulsar magnetosphere are formulated and new observations aimed at verifying current models are discussed.

Fulltext pdf (560 KB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/pu1999v042n11ABEH000665
PACS: 04.40.Dg, 95.30.−k, 97.60.Gb, 98.70.Dk (all)
DOI: 10.1070/pu1999v042n11ABEH000665
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1999/11/a/
000084282400001
Citation: Beskin V S "Radio pulsars" Phys. Usp. 42 1071 (1999)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Оригинал: Бескин В С «Радиопульсары» УФН 169 1169–1198 (1999); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0169.199911a.1169

References (241) ↓ Cited by (25) Similar articles (20)

  1. Hewish A et al. Nature (London) 217 708 (1968)
  2. Baade W, Zwicky F Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 20 254 (1934)
  3. Giacconi R et al. Astrophys. J. Lett. 167 L67 (1971)
  4. Lipunov V M Astrofizika Neîtronnykh Zvezd (Astrophysics of Neutron Stars, Moscow: Nauka, 1987) [Translated into English (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1992)]
  5. Gold T Nature (London) 218 731 (1968)
  6. Il’yasov Yu P, Kopeîkin S M, Rodin A E Pis’ma Astron. Zh. 24 275 (1998) [Astron. Lett. 24 228 (1998)]
  7. Pacini F Nature (London) 221 567 (1967)
  8. Ginzburg V L, Zheleznyakov V V, Zaîtsev V V Usp. Fiz. Nauk 98 201 (1969) [Sov. Phys. Usp. 12 378 (1969)]
  9. Ginzburg V L, Zheleznyakov V V Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 13 511 (1975)
  10. Landau L D, Lifshitz E M Teoriya Polya (The Classical Theory of Fields, Moscow: Nauka, 1973) [Translated into English (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1975)]
  11. Sturrock P A Astrophys. J. 164 529 (1971)
  12. Ruderman M A, Sutherland P G Astrophys. J. 196 51 (1975)
  13. Berestetskiî V B, Lifshitz E M, Pitaevskiî L P Kvantovaya Elektrodinamika (Relativistic Quantum Theory, Moscow: Nauka, 1989) [Translated into English (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1992)]
  14. Goldreich P, Julian W H Astrophys. J. 157 869 (1969)
  15. Michel F C Theory of Neutron Star Magnetosphere (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991)
  16. Beskin V S, Gurevich A V, Istomin Ya N Physics of the Pulsar Magnetosphere (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993)
  17. Radhakrishnan V, Cocke D J Astrophys. Lett. 3 225 (1969)
  18. Lyne A G, Graham-Smith F Pulsar Astronomy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998)
  19. Rankin J Astrophys. J. 274 333 (1983)
  20. Rankin J Astrophys. J. 352 247 (1990)
  21. Mestel L Stellar Magnetism (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1999)
  22. Sieber W, Wielebinski R (Eds) Pulsars (Dordrecht: D Riedel, 1981)
  23. Johnston S, Walker M, Bailes M (Eds) Pulsars: Problems and Progress (IAU Colloquium No. 160, Singapore: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1996)
  24. Shibazaki N et al. (Eds) Neutron Stars and Pulsars (IAU Symposium No. 95, Tokyo: Universal Academy Press, Inc., 1998)
  25. Hankins T H, Rankin J M, Gil J A (Eds) The Magnetospheric Structure and Emission Mechanisms of Radio Pulsars (IAU Colloquium No. 128, Zielona Góra: Pedagogical University Press, 1992)
  26. Mészáros P High-Energy Radiation from Magnetized Neutron Stars (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992)
  27. Usov V V, Melrose D B Astrophys. J. 464 306 (1996)
  28. Baring M G, Harding A K Astrophys. J. 482 372 (1997)
  29. Muslimov A G, Tsygan A I Astron. Zh. 67 263 (1990) [Sov. Astron. 34 133 (1990)]
  30. Beskin V S Pis’ma Astron. Zh. 16 665 (1990) [Sov. Astron. Lett. 16 286 (1990)]
  31. Muslimov A G, Tsygan A I Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 255 61 (1992)
  32. Muslimov A G, Harding A K Astrophys. J. 485 735 (1997)
  33. Muslimov A G, Harding A K Astrophys. J. 508 328 (1998)
  34. Bogovalov S V Pis’ma Astron. Zh. 18 832 (1992)
  35. Okamoto I Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 185 69 (1978)
  36. Li Zh-Yu, Chiueh T, Begelman M C Astrophys. J. 394 459 (1992)
  37. Begelman M C, Li Zh-Yu Astrophys. J. 426 269 (1994)
  38. Gallant Y A, Arons J Astrophys. J. 201 719 (1994)
  39. Bogovalov S V Astron. Astrophys. 327 662 (1997)
  40. Chieng J, Romani R Astrophys. J. 436 754 (1994)
  41. Sturner S J, Dermer C D, Michel F C Astrophys. J. 445 736 (1995)
  42. Asséo E Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 264 940 (1993)
  43. Luo Q, Melrose D B, Machabeli G Z Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 268 159 (1994)
  44. Asséo E Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 276 74 (1995)
  45. Lyubarskii Yu E Astron. Astrophys. 261 544 (1992)
  46. Lyubarskiî Yu É Pis’ma Astron. Zh. 16 34 (1990) [Sov. Astron. Lett. 16 16 (1990)]
  47. Mestel L, Shibata S Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 271 621 (1994)
  48. Beskin V S, Gurevich A V, Istomin Ya N Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 85 401 (1983) [Sov. Phys. JETP 58 235 (1983)]
  49. Beskin V S, Gurevich A V, Istomin Ya N Astrophys. Space Sci. 102 301 (1984)
  50. Beskin V S, Gurevich A V, Istomin Ya N Astrophys. Space Sci. 146 205 (1988)
  51. Lyubarskii Yu E Physics of Pulsars (Singapore: Harwood Acad. Publ., 1995)
  52. Lyutikov M, Blandford R, Machabeli G Z Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 305 338 (1999)
  53. Shapiro S L, Teukolsky S A Black Holes, White Dwarfs and Neutron Stars (New York: Wiley, 1983) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1985)]
  54. Sedrakyan D M, Shakhabasyan K M Usp. Fiz. Nauk 161 (7) 3 (1991) [Sov. Phys. Usp. 34 555 (1991)]
  55. Liberman M A, Johansson B Usp. Fiz. Nauk 165 121 (1995) [Phys. Usp. 38 117 (1995)]
  56. Kirzhnits D A, Yudin S N Usp Fiz. Nauk 165 1335 (1995) [Phys. Usp. 38 1283 (1995)]
  57. Yakovlev D G, Levenfish K P, Shibanov Yu A Usp Fiz. Nauk 169 825 (1999) [Phys. Usp. 42 737 (1999)]
  58. Kadomtsev B B, Kudryavtsev V S Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 13 15 (1971) [JETP Lett. 13 9 (1971)]
  59. Ginzburg V L, Usov V V Pis’ma Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 15 280 (1972) [JETP Lett. 15 196 (1972)]
  60. Chen H H, Ruderman M A, Sutherland P G Astrophys. J. 191 473 (1974)
  61. Flowers E et al. Astrophys. J. 215 291 (1977)
  62. Müller E Astron. Astrophys. 130 145 (1984)
  63. Jones P B Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 196 503 (1985)
  64. Jones P B Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 218 477 (1986)
  65. Neuhauser D, Langanke K, Koonin S E Phys. Rev. A 33 2084 (1986)
  66. Neuhauser D, Koonin S E, Langanke K Phys. Rev. A 36 4163 (1987)
  67. Fawley W M, Arons J, Scharlemann E T Astrophys. J. 217 227 (1977)
  68. Scharlemann E T, Fawley W M, Arons J Astrophys. J. 222 297 (1978)
  69. Arons J, Scharlemann E T Astrophys. J. 231 854 (1979)
  70. Salpeter E E, Lai D Astrophys. J. 491 270 (1997)
  71. Thorolfsson A et al. Astrophys. J. 502 847 (1998)
  72. Zavlin V E, Pavlov G G, Shibanov Yu A Astron. Astrophys. 315 141 (1996)
  73. Bialynicka-Birula Z, Bialynicka-Birula I Phys. Rev. D 2 2341 (1970)
  74. Adler S L Ann. Phys. 67 599 (1971)
  75. Kozlenkov A A, Mitrofanov I G Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 91 1978 (1986) [Sov. Phys. JETP 64 1173 (1986)]
  76. Mitrofanov I G, Pozanenko A S Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 93 1951 (1987) [Sov. Phys. JETP 66 1112 (1987)]
  77. Bezchastnov V G, Pavlov G G Astrophys. Space Sci. 178 1 (1991)
  78. Pavlov G G, Gnedin Yu N Astrophys. Space Sci. Rev. 3 197 (1984)
  79. Shabad A E, Usov V V Astrophys. Space Sci. 102 327 (1984)
  80. Shabad A E, Usov V V Astrophys. Space Sci. 117 309 (1985)
  81. Shabad A E, Usov V V Astrophys. Space Sci. 128 377 (1986)
  82. Thompson C, Duncan R C Astrophys. J. 408 194 (1993)
  83. Kouveliotou C et al. Nature (London) 393 235 (1998)
  84. Baring M G, Harding A K Astrophys. J. 482 372 (1997)
  85. Derishev E V, Kocharovskiî V V, Kocharovskiî Vl V Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Radiofiz. 40 146 (1997)
  86. Chistyakov M V, Kuznetsov A V, Mikheev N V Phys. Lett. B 434 67 (1998)
  87. Weise J I, Baring M G, Melrose D B Phys. Rev. D 57 5526 (1998)
  88. Shaviv N J, Heyl J S, Lithwick Y Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 306 333 (1999)
  89. Baring M G, Harding A K Astrophys. J. Lett. 507 L55 (1998)
  90. Thorne K S, Price R H, Macdonald D A (Eds) Black Holes: The Membrane Paradigm (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1986) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1988)]
  91. Beskin V S Astrophysics 18 266 (1982)
  92. Daugherty J K, Harding A K Astrophys. J. 273 761 (1983)
  93. Kardashev N S, Mitrofanov I G, Novikov I D Astron. Zh. 61 1113 (1984) [Sov. Astron. 28 651 (1984)]
  94. Cheng K S, Ho C, Ruderman M A Astrophys. J. 300 500 (1986)
  95. Hirotani K, Shibata S Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 308 54 (1999)
  96. Gurevich A V, Istomin Ya N Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 89 3 (1985) [Sov. Phys. JETP 62 1 (1985)]
  97. Hirotani K, Shibata S Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 308 67 (1999)
  98. Mestel L, Wang Y-M Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 188 799 (1979)
  99. Fitzpatrick R, Mestel L Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 232 277 (1988)
  100. Shibata S Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 287 262 (1997)
  101. Shibata S, Miyazaki J, Takahara F Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 295 53 (1998)
  102. Arons J, in Neutron Stars and Pulsars (IAU Symposium No. 95, Eds N Shibazaki et al., Tokyo: Universal Academy Press, Inc., 1998) p. 339
  103. Pal’shin V D, Tsygan A I, Preprint No. 1718 (St.-Petersburg: A F Ioffe Fiz.-Tekh. Inst., 1998)
  104. Deshpande A A, Rankin J M Astrophys. J. 524 1008 (1999)
  105. Daugherty J K, Harding A K Astrophys. J. 252 337 (1982)
  106. Mestel L Astrophys. Space Sci. 24 289 (1973)
  107. Beskin V S Contemporary Physics 34 131 (1993)
  108. Arnett W D, Bowers R D Astrophys. J. Suppl. 33 415 (1977)
  109. Baym G, Pethick C Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 17 415 (1979)
  110. Harding A, Ozernoy L M, Usov V V Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 265 921 (1993)
  111. Holloway N J Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 181 9 (1977)
  112. Shibata S Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 269 191 (1994)
  113. Michel F C Astrophys. J. 180 207 (1973)
  114. Michel F C Astrophys. J. Lett. 180 L133 (1973)
  115. Scharlemann E T, Wagoner R V Astrophys. J. 182 951 (1973)
  116. Okamoto I Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 167 457 (1974)
  117. Henriksen R N, Norton J A Astrophys. J. 201 719 (1975)
  118. Sulkanen M E, Lovelace R V E Astrophys. J. 350 732 (1990)
  119. Markwardt C B, Ögelman H Nature (London) 375 40 (1995)
  120. Hester J J et al. Astrophys. J. 448 240 (1995)
  121. Fendt C, Camenzind M, Appl S Astron. Astrophys. 300 791 (1995)
  122. Beskin V S, Malyshkin L M Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 298 847 (1998)
  123. Contopoulos I, Kazanas D, Fendt C Astrophys. J. 511 351 (1999)
  124. Max C, Perkins F Phys. Rev. Lett. 27 1342 (1971)
  125. Asséo E, Kennel F C, Pellat R Astron. Astrophys. 65 401 (1978)
  126. Michel F C Astrophys. J. 158 727 (1969)
  127. Ardavan H Astrophys. J. 204 889 (1976)
  128. Ardavan H Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 189 397 (1979)
  129. Phinney E S, in Astrophysical Jets (Eds A Ferrari, A G Pacholczyk, Dordrecht: D Reidel, 1983) p. 201
  130. Blandford R, Znajek R L Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 179 433 (1977)
  131. Macdonald D A, Thorne K S Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 198 345 (1982)
  132. Begelman M C, Blandford R D, Rees M J Rev. Mod. Phys. 56 255 (1984) [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Mir, 1987) p. 9]
  133. Camenzind M Astron. Astrophys. 162 32 (1986)
  134. Mestel L Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 138 359 (1968)
  135. Blandford R D, Payne D G Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 199 883 (1982)
  136. Heyvaerts J, Norman J Astrophys. J. 347 1055 (1989)
  137. Sakurai T Computer Phys. Rep. 12 247 (1990)
  138. Pelletier G, Pudritz R E Astrophys. J. 394 117 (1992)
  139. Shu F N, Najita J, Ruden S P, Lizano S Astrophys. J. 429 797 (1994)
  140. Beskin V S, Par’ev V I Usp. Fiz. Nauk 163 (6) 95 (1993) [Phys. Usp. 36 529 (1993)]
  141. Heyvaerts J, in Plasma Astrophysics (Eds C Chiuderi, G Einaudi, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1996) p. 31
  142. Beskin V S Usp. Fiz. Nauk 167 689 (1997) [Phys. Usp. 40 659 (1997)]
  143. Landau L D, Lifshitz E M Elektrodinamika Sploshnykh Sred (Electrodynamics of Continuous Media, Moscow: Nauka, 1982) [Translated into English (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1985)]
  144. Kennel C F, Fujimura F S, Okamoto I Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dynamics 26 147 (1983)
  145. Li Zh-Yu, Chiueh T, Begelman M C Astrophys. J. 384 567 (1992)
  146. Lery T, Heyvaerts J, Appl S, Norman C A Astron. Astrophys. 337 603 (1998), astro-ph/9902364
  147. Beskin V S, Kuznetsova I V, Rafikov R R Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 299 341 (1998)
  148. Tomimatsu A Proc. Astron. Soc. Jpn. 46 123 (1994)
  149. Chiueh T, Li Z-Y, Begelman M C Astrophys. J. 505 835 (1998)
  150. Beskin V S, Rafikov R R Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. (2000, in press)
  151. Johnston S, Galloway D Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 298 625 (1998)
  152. Lyne A G, Pritchard R S, Smith F G Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 265 1003 (1993)
  153. Boyd P T et al. Astrophys. J. 448 365 (1995)
  154. Lyne A G et al. Nature (London) 381 497 (1996)
  155. Kaspi V M et al. Astrophys. J. Lett. 422 L83 (1994)
  156. Blandford R D, Romani R W Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 234 57P (1988)
  157. Chen K, Ruderman M, Zhu T Astrophys. J. 493 397 (1998)
  158. Allen M P, Horvath J E Astrophys. J. 488 409 (1997)
  159. Baykal A, Alpar A M, Boynton P E, Deeter J E Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 306 207 (1999)
  160. Taylor J H, Stinebring D R Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 24 285 (1986)
  161. Lyne A G, Manchester R N, Taylor J H Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 213 613 (1985)
  162. Tauris T M, Manchester R N Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 306 50 (1999)
  163. Djorgovsky S, Evans C R Astrophys. J. Lett. 335 L61 (1988)
  164. Ginzburg V L Usp. Fiz. Nauk 103 393 (1971) [Sov. Phys. Usp. 14 83 (1971)]
  165. Melrose D B, in The Magnetospheric Structure and Emission Mechanisms of Radio Pulsars (IAU Colloquium No. 128, Eds T H Hankins, J M Rankin, J A Gil, Zielona Góra: Pedagogical University Press, 1992) p. 306
  166. Lesch H, Jessner A, Kramer M, Kunzl T Astron. Astrophys. 322 L21 (1998)
  167. Hinata S Astrophys. J. 206 282 (1976)
  168. Hardee P E, Morrison P Astrophys. J. 227 252 (1979)
  169. Lominadze D G, Mikhaîlovskiî A B, Sagdeev R Z Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 77 1951 (1979) [Sov. Phys. JETP 50 927 (1979)]
  170. Asséo E, Pellat R, Rosado M Astrophys. J. 239 661 (1980)
  171. Tsytovich V N, Kaplan S A Nature Phys. Sci. 241 122 (1972)
  172. Suvorov E V, Chugunov Yu V Astrophysics 11 203 (1975)
  173. Kawamura K, Suzuki I Astrophys. J. 217 832 (1977)
  174. Goldreich P, Keeley D A Astrophys. J. 170 463 (1971)
  175. Blandford R D Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 170 551 (1975)
  176. Beskin V S, Gurevich A V, Istomin Ya N Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 92 1277 (1987) [Sov. Phys. JETP 65 715 (1987)]
  177. Kazbegi A Z, Machabeli G Z, Melikidze G I Aust. J. Phys. 40 755 (1987)
  178. Kazbegi A Z, Machabeli G Z, Melikidze G I Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 253 377 (1991)
  179. Melrose D B, Gedalin M E Astrophys. J. 521 351 (1999)
  180. Gurevich A V, Istomin Ya N, in The Magnetospheric Structure and Emission Mechanisms of Radio Pulsars (IAU Colloquium No. 128, Eds T H Hankins, J M Rankin, J A Gil, Zielona Góra: Pedagogical University Press, 1992) p. 229
  181. Usov V V Astrophys. J. 320 333 (1987)
  182. Ursov V N, Usov V V Astrophys. Space Sci. 140 325 (1988)
  183. Larroch O, Pellat R Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 1104 (1987)
  184. Nambu M Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion 31 143 (1989)
  185. Machabeli G Z Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion 33 1227 (1991)
  186. Luo Q, Melrose D B Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 276 372 (1995)
  187. Beskin V S, Gurevich A V, Istomin Ya N Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 649 (1988)
  188. Istomin Ya N Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion 36 1081 (1994)
  189. Kadomtsev B B, in Voprosy Teorii Plazmy (Reviews of Plasma Physics, Ed. M A Leontovich, Moscow: Atomizdat, 1964) p. 188
  190. Bernstein I B, Friedland L, in Basic Plasma Physics (Eds A A Galeev, R N Sudan, Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1983) p. 367 [Translated into Russian (Moscow: Energoatomizdat, 1987) p. 393]
  191. Asséo E, Pellat R, Sol H Astrophys. J. 266 201 (1983)
  192. Lyutikov M, Machabeli G Z, Blandford R Astrophys. J. 512 804 (1999)
  193. Melrose D Plasma Astrophysics Vol. 2 (New York: Gordon and Breach, 1980) p. 340
  194. Chugunov Yu V, Shaposhnikov V E Astrophysics 28 98 (1988)
  195. Istomin Ya N Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 94 148 (1988) [Sov. Phys. JETP 67 1380 (1988)]
  196. Lyubarskii Yu E Astron. Astrophys. 308 809 (1996)
  197. Melrose D Astrophys. J. 225 557 (1978)
  198. Rowe E T Astron. Astrophys. 269 275 (1992)
  199. Lominadze D G, Machabeli G Z, Mikhaîlovskiî A B Fiz. Plazmy 5 748 (1979)
  200. Lominadze D G, Machabeli G Z, Usov V V Astrophys. Space Sci. 90 19 (1983)
  201. Mamradze P G, Machabeli G Z, Melikidze G I Fiz. Plazmy 6 1293 (1980) [Sov. J. Plasma Phys. 6 707 (1980)]
  202. ter Haar D, Tsytovich V N Phys. Rep. 73 177 (1981)
  203. Mikhaîlovskiî A B, Onishchenko O G, Smolyakov A I Fiz. Plazmy 11 215 (1985) [Sov. J. Plasma Phys. 11 215 (1985)]
  204. Mikhailovskii A B, Onishchenko O G, Tatarinov E G Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion 27 527 (1985)
  205. Pelletier G, Sol H, Asséo E Phys. Rev. A 38 2552 (1988)
  206. von Hoensbroech A, Lesch H, Kunzl T Astron. Astrophys. 336 209 (1998)
  207. Barnard J J, Arons J Astrophys. J. 302 138 (1986)
  208. Blaskiewicz M, Cordes J M, Wasserman I Astrophys. J. 370 643 (1991)
  209. Phillips J Astrophys. J. 385 282 (1992)
  210. Lyubarskii Yu E, Petrova S A Astron. Astrophys. 333 181 (1998)
  211. Gallant Y A, in Neutron Stars and Pulsars (IAU Symposium No. 95, Eds N Shibazaki et al., Tokyo: Universal Academy Press, Inc., 1998) p. 359
  212. Lyutikov M Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 293 447 (1998)
  213. Zheleznyakov V V Elektromagnitnye Volny v Kosmicheskoî Plazme (Radiation in Astrophysical Plasmas, Moscow: Nauka, 1977) [Translated into English (Dordrecht: Kluwer Acad. Publ., 1996)]
  214. Johnston S Current Science 69 521 (1995)
  215. Luchkov B I, Mitrofanov I G, Rozental’ I L Usp. Fiz. Nauk 166 743 (1996) [Phys. Usp. 39 695 (1996)]
  216. Postnov K A Usp. Fiz. Nauk 169 545 (1999) [Phys. Usp. 42 469 (1999)]
  217. Thorne K S, in Relativistic Astrophysics (Eds B J T Jones, D Markovic, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997) p. 259
  218. Stairs I H et al. Astrophys. J. 505 352 (1998)
  219. Taylor J H, Weisberg J M Astrophys. J. 345 434 (1989)
  220. Taylor J Rev. Mod. Phys. 66 711 (1994) [Usp. Fiz. Nauk 164 757 (1994)]
  221. Kirzhnits D A, Nepomnyashchiî Yu A Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 59 2203 (1970) [Sov. Phys. JETP 32 1191 (1971)]
  222. Migdal A B Fermiony i Bozony v Sil’nykh Polyakh (Fermions and Bosons in Strong Fields, Moscow: Nauka, 1978)
  223. Alcock R et al. Astrophys. J. 310 261 (1986)
  224. Arnett W D, Bowers R L Astrophys. J. Suppl. 33 415 (1977)
  225. Lipunov V M, Postnov K A Astrophys. Space Sci. 106 103 (1984)
  226. Sztaino M et al. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 226 39 (1986)
  227. Beskin V S Usp. Fiz. Nauk 152 683 (1987) [Sov. Phys. Usp. 30 733 (1987)]
  228. Fujimoto M Y et al. Astrophys. J. 319 902 (1987)
  229. Zavlin V, Shibanov Yu A, Pavlov G G Astron. Lett. 21 149 (1995)
  230. Pavlov G G, Zavlin V E Astrophys. J. Lett. 490 L91 (1997)
  231. Wang J C L et al. Astrophys. J. 345 869 (1999)
  232. Link B, Epstein R I, Lattimer J M (1999) astro-ph/9909146
  233. Kaminker A D et al. Astron. Astrophys. 220 117 (1989)
  234. Pavlov G G, Shibanov Yu A, Zavlin V E Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 253 193 (1991)
  235. Haberl F, Titarchuk L Astron. Astrophys. 299 414 (1995)
  236. Kluzniak W Astrophys. J. Lett. 509 L39 (1998)
  237. Psaltis D et al. Astrophys. J. 520 763 (1999)
  238. Friedman J L, Ipser J R, Parker L Astrophys. J. 304 115 (1986)
  239. Haensel P, Lasota J-P, Zdunik J L Astron. Astrophys. 344 151 (1999)
  240. Pines D, in Compact Galactic X-Ray Sources. Proc. of the Workshop (Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois, 1979) p. 126 [Usp. Fiz. Nauk 131 479 (1980)]
  241. Beskin V S, Gurevich A V, Istomin Ya N Pis’ma Astron. Zh. 14 224 (1988) [Sov. Astron. Lett. 14 93 (1988)
© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions