RSS feeds
РусскийEnglish
Issue 9, 2026
Volume year page
Issues Authors PACS Subscription For authors

Issues

 / 

1988

 / 

March

←  →

Reviews of topical problems


Defects in liquid crystals: homotopy theory and experimental studies

,

The fundamental concepts of the homotopy theory of defects in liquid crystals and the results of experimental studies in this field are presented. The concepts of degeneracy space, homotopy groups, and topological charge, which are used for classifying the topologically stable inhomogeneous distributions in different liquid-crystalline phases are examined (uni and biaxial nematics, cholesterics, smectics, and columnar phases). Experimental data are given for the different mesophases on the structure and properties of dislocations, disclinations, point defects in the volume (hedgehogs) and on the surface of the medium (boojums), monopoles, domain formations, and solitons. Special attention is paid to the results of studies of defects in closed volumes (spherical drops, cylindrical capillaries), and to the connection between the topological charges of these defects and the character of the orientation of the molecules of the liquid crystal at the surface. A set of fundamentally new effects that can occur in studying the topological properties of defects in liquid crystals is discussed.

Fulltext pdf (1.2 MB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU1988v031n03ABEH005710
PACS: 61.30.Jf, 61.30.Eb, 61.30.Gd, 64.70.Md (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU1988v031n03ABEH005710
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1988/3/b/
Citation: Kurik M V, Lavrentovich O D "Defects in liquid crystals: homotopy theory and experimental studies" Sov. Phys. Usp. 31 196–224 (1988)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Оригинал: Курик М В, Лаврентович О Д «Дефекты в жидких кристаллах: гомотопическая теория и экспериментальные исследования» УФН 154 381–431 (1988); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0154.198803b.0381

References (249) Cited by (220) ↓ Similar articles (20)

  1. Sahoo R, Nagaraj M et al Advanced Optical Materials 14 (12) (2026)
  2. Telo d G M M, Coelho R C V Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 17 (1) 115 (2026)
  3. Klemencic E, Hoelbl A et al Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects 46 101624 (2026)
  4. Penič Samo, Mesarec L et al Crystals 16 (5) 331 (2026)
  5. Krupych O, Adamenko D et al Ukr. J. Phys. Opt. 27 (2) 02070 (2026)
  6. Plée Vincent, Mbadinga Ch K et al Liquid Crystals 53 (2-3) 435 (2026)
  7. Magermans L, Kim Je et al Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 123 (27) (2026)
  8. Sokolov A, Emersic T et al Phys. Rev. Research 8 (2) (2026)
  9. Borisov A B, Dolgikh D V ’n’?’?р’?т’?ch’?с’?’?ya ’?’?т’?’?’?т’?ch’?с’?’?ya ф’?’?’?’?’? 227 (1) 117 (2026) [Borisov A B, Dolgikh D V Theor Math Phys 227 (1) 658 (2026)]
  10. Zamora C D U, Harrington M J et al Symmetry 18 (6) 1022 (2026)
  11. Vega J, Velasco E, Mart?enez-Ratón Yuri Phys. Rev. Research 7 (4) (2025)
  12. Kralj S, Kralj-Iglič Veronika, Iglič Ale?l Crystals 15 (8) 737 (2025)
  13. Garbovskiy Yu Liquid Crystals Reviews 13 (1) 1 (2025)
  14. Borisov A  B, Dolgikh D  V Advanced Mathematical Models and Integration Methods (2025) p. 1
  15. Wu J-Sh, Torres L?lzaro Marina et al Phys. Rev. E 111 (4) (2025)
  16. Israeli B Y, Smiet C B New J. Phys. 27 (11) 115002 (2025)
  17. Prishchepa O O, Krakhalev M N, Gardymova A P Molecules 30 (22) 4482 (2025)
  18. Borisov A B Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena 482 134886 (2025)
  19. Johnson N, Head L  C et al Phys. Rev. X 15 (4) (2025)
  20. Borisov A B, Dolgikh D V Dokl. Phys. 69 (10-12) 88 (2024)
  21. Wittmann René Liquid Crystals 51 (13-14) 2182 (2024)
  22. Qing A, Zhao Y, Zhang Zh Microwaves, Millimeter Wave and Terahertz Liquid Crystals Modern Antenna Chapter 2 (2024) p. 59
  23. Borisov A B Phys. Metals Metallogr. 125 (12) 1373 (2024)
  24. Zid M, Cordoyiannis G et al Nanomaterials 14 (3) 320 (2024)
  25. Advances In Biomembranes And Lipid Self-Assembly Vol. 39 (2024) p. 1
  26. Advances In Biomembranes And Lipid Self-Assembly Vol. 39 (2024) p. 41
  27. Ma Zh, Jiang M et al PNAS Nexus 3 (12) (2024)
  28. Zid M, Pal K et al Nanomaterials 14 (5) 436 (2024)
  29. Pieranski P, Godinho M H Liquid Crystals 51 (13-14) 2144 (2024)
  30. Pieranski P, Godinho M H Comptes Rendus. Physique 25 (G1) 367 (2024)
  31. Pollard J, Alexander G P Phys. Rev. Lett. 130 (22) (2023)
  32. Fumeron Sébastien, Berche B Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 232 (11) 1813 (2023)
  33. Borisov A B, Dolgikh D V Phys. Metals Metallogr. 124 (4) 355 (2023) [Borisov A B, Dolgikh D V Fizika Metallov I Metallovedenie 124 (4) 375 (2023)]
  34. Shalev A N, Lobanov I S, Bogdanov A A 2023 Days on Diffraction (DD), (2023) p. 1
  35. Mesarec L, Góźdź Wojciech ’? ’?р Sci Rep 13 (1) (2023)
  36. Borisov A B, Dolgikh D V Dokl. Phys. 68 (11) 355 (2023)
  37. Hölbl Arbresha, Mesarec L et al ACS Omega 8 (1) 169 (2023)
  38. J?lkli Antal, Nastishin Yu, Lavrentovich O D Liquid Crystals Reviews 11 (1-2) 48 (2023)
  39. Harkai Sa?la, Rosenblatt Ch, Kralj S Crystals 13 (6) 904 (2023)
  40. Monderkamp P A, Windisch R S et al The Journal of Chemical Physics 158 (16) (2023)
  41. Borisov A B Theor Math Phys 216 (2) 1168 (2023)
  42. Hölbl Arbresha, Ranjkesh A et al Front. Soft. Matter 3 (2023)
  43. Borisov A B, Dolgikh D V Doklady Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk. Fizika, Tehničeskie Nauki 513 (1) 5 (2023)
  44. Harkai Sa?la, Kralj S Eur. Phys. J. E 45 (9) (2022)
  45. Lee Y Philosophical Magazine 102 (1) 26 (2022)
  46. Borisov A B Theor Math Phys 210 (1) 99 (2022)
  47. Wei W-Sh, Jeong J et al Soft Matter 18 (23) 4360 (2022)
  48. Gudimalla A, Thomas S, Zidan?lek Aleksander Journal Of Molecular Structure 1235 130217 (2021)
  49. Fumeron Sébastien, Berche B, Moraes F Liquid Crystals Reviews 9 (2) 85 (2021)
  50. Delev V A Jetp Lett. 113 (1) 23 (2021)
  51. Krakhalev M N Sci Rep 11 (1) (2021)
  52. Sakamoto M, Hanasaki I Phys. Rev. E 104 (2) (2021)
  53. Matharu K K, Khosla S et al Liquid Crystals 48 (4) 475 (2021)
  54. Pieranski P, Godinho M H Liquid Crystals 1 (2021) p. 193
  55. Borisov A B Ufimsk. Mat. Zh. 13 (2) 3 (2021)
  56. Monderkamp P A, Wittmann René et al Phys. Rev. Lett. 127 (19) (2021)
  57. Čopar Simon, Ravnik M, Žumer Slobodan Crystals 11 (8) 956 (2021)
  58. Borisov A B ’n’?’?р’?т’?ch’?с’?’?ya ’?’?т’?’?’?т’?ch’?с’?’?ya ф’?’?’?’?’? 208 (3) 471 (2021) [Borisov A B Theor Math Phys 208 (3) 1256 (2021)]
  59. Kralj M, Kralj M, Kralj S Physica Status Solidi (a) 218 (17) (2021)
  60. Lavrentovich O D Liquid Crystals Reviews 8 (2) 59 (2020)
  61. Schütz Christina, Bruckner J R et al Crystals 10 (3) 199 (2020)
  62. Klemenčič Eva, Kurioz P et al Crystals 10 (8) 673 (2020)
  63. Harkai Sa?la, Murray B S et al Phys. Rev. Research 2 (1) (2020)
  64. Gudimalla A, Lavrič Marta et al Int J Thermophys 41 (4) (2020)
  65. Altınay Yasemin, Nesrullajev A Tenside Surfactants Detergents 57 (1) 22 (2020)
  66. Penič Samo, Mesarec L et al Front. Phys. 8 (2020)
  67. Zhang Y-H, Deserno M, Tu Zh-Ch Phys. Rev. E 102 (1) (2020)
  68. Nesrullajev A Journal Of Molecular Liquids 304 112770 (2020)
  69. Ambrožič Milan, Gudimalla A ’? ’?р Crystals 10 (7) 576 (2020)
  70. Chiccoli C, Evangelista L R et al Phys. Rev. E 100 (3) (2019)
  71. Advances In Biomembranes And Lipid Self-Assembly Vol. 29 (2019) p. 159
  72. Shvetsov S, Orlova T et al Crystals 9 (11) 574 (2019)
  73. Kurioz P, Mesarec L et al Physica Status Solidi (a) 216 (13) (2019)
  74. Čre?lnar Dejvid, Kyrou Ch ’? ’?р Crystals 9 (3) 171 (2019)
  75. Delev V A, Scaldin O A et al Jetp Lett. 109 (2) 87 (2019)
  76. Shinde A, Huang D et al ACS Nano 13 (11) 12461 (2019)
  77. Delev V A, Nazarov V N et al Jetp Lett. 110 (9) 607 (2019)
  78. Chen S, Zhou X et al Liquid Crystals 46 (1) 67 (2019)
  79. Suh A, Gim M-Ju et al Soft Matter (2019)
  80. Nesrullajev A Crystal Research And Technology 54 (4) (2019)
  81. Alexander G P Springer Series In Solid-State Sciences Vol. The Role of Topology in MaterialsTopology in Liquid Crystal Phases189 Chapter 9 (2018) p. 229
  82. Skaldin O A, Klebanov I I et al Jetp Lett. 107 (11) 695 (2018)
  83. Skaldin O A, Tarasov O S et al J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 126 (2) 255 (2018)
  84. Kurioz P, Kralj M et al Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 9 109 (2018)
  85. Nisoli C Springer Series In Solid-State Sciences Vol. The Role of Topology in MaterialsTopology by Design in Magnetic Nano-materials: Artificial Spin Ice189 Chapter 4 (2018) p. 85
  86. Zhou X, Chen S-B, Zhang Zh-D Chinese Phys. B 27 (5) 056103 (2018)
  87. Nikkhou M, Mu?levič Igor Soft Matter 14 (48) 9819 (2018)
  88. Shvetsov S A, Emelyanenko A V et al Polym. Sci. Ser. C 60 (1) 72 (2018)
  89. Chiccoli C, Evangelista L R et al Sci Rep 8 (1) (2018)
  90. Nikkhou M, Gleeson H F, Mu?levič I Liquid Crystals 45 (13-15) 2294 (2018)
  91. Rahimi M, Ramezani-Dakhel H et al Nat Commun 8 (1) (2017)
  92. Nesrullajev A Colloid Polym Sci 295 (5) 837 (2017)
  93. Krakhalev M N, Gardymova A P et al Jetp Lett. 105 (1) 51 (2017)
  94. Gim M-Ju, Beller D A, Yoon D K Nat Commun 8 (1) (2017)
  95. Mesarec L, Góźdź W ’? ’?р J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 780 012015 (2017)
  96. Riahi O, Trabelsi F et al Phase Transitions 90 (3) 299 (2017)
  97. Vasylkiv Yu, Kryvyy T et al Appl. Opt. 56 (35) 9613 (2017)
  98. Chen R, Bao W, Zhang H Commun. Comput. Phys. 20 (1) 234 (2016)
  99. Wang Y, Zhang Zh, Zhou X J. Display Technol. 12 (4) 402 (2016)
  100. Kim Y-K, Cukrov G et al Phys. Rev. E 93 (6) (2016)
  101. Pieranski P, Čopar Simon et al Eur. Phys. J. E 39 (12) (2016)
  102. Guo J-K, Song Ja-K Opt. Express 24 (7) 7381 (2016)
  103. Mettout B, Logbo H P et al Phys. Rev. E 93 (4) (2016)
  104. Mettout B, Logbo H P et al Liquid Crystals 43 (8) 1047 (2016)
  105. Kamien R D, Mosna R A New J. Phys. 18 (5) 053012 (2016)
  106. Alama S, Bronsard L, Lamy X Phys. Rev. E 93 (1) (2016)
  107. Chuvyrov A N, Krekhov A P et al J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 123 (5) 899 (2016)
  108. Nesrullajev A Journal Of Molecular Liquids 218 531 (2016)
  109. Nikkhou M, ?ikarabot M, Mu?levič I Phys. Rev. E 93 (6) (2016)
  110. Nikkhou M, ?ikarabot M et al Eur. Phys. J. E 39 (10) (2016)
  111. Timirov Yu I, Skaldin O A et al Phys. Solid State 57 (9) 1912 (2015)
  112. Skaldin O A, Delev V A et al J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 121 (6) 1082 (2015)
  113. Lu L-X, Zhang Zh-D Chinese Phys. B 24 (2) 026102 (2015)
  114. Parshin A M, Zyryanov V Y, Shabanov V F Liquid Crystals 42 (1) 57 (2015)
  115. Li X-J, Zhang Zh-D Soft Materials 13 (1) 39 (2015)
  116. Čopar Simon, Tkalec Uro?l ’? ’?р Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 112 (6) 1675 (2015)
  117. Cvetko M, Lahajnar G et al Liquid Crystals 42 (12) 1674 (2015)
  118. Buček Slavko, Kralj S, Sluckin T J Advances In Condensed Matter Physics 2015 1 (2015)
  119. Nikkhou M, ?ikarabot Miha et al Nature Phys 11 (2) 183 (2015)
  120. Lu L, Zhang Zh JMP 05 (18) 2080 (2014)
  121. Zhou X, Zhang Zh Liquid Crystals 41 (9) 1219 (2014)
  122. Zverev V V, Filippov B N, Dubovik M N Phys. Solid State 56 (9) 1785 (2014)
  123. Mu?levič Igor Handbook of Liquid Crystals 1 (2014) p. 1
  124. Porenta T, Čopar S et al Sci Rep 4 (1) (2014)
  125. Čopar Simon Physics Reports 538 (1) 1 (2014)
  126. Foffano G, Lintuvuori J S et al Liquid Crystals Reviews 2 (1) 1 (2014)
  127. Skaldin O A, Delev V A, Shikhovtseva E S Jetp Lett. 97 (2) 92 (2013)
  128. Golo V L, Kats E I et al Phys. Rev. E 88 (4) (2013)
  129. Zhou X, Zheng G, Zhang Zh JMP 04 (02) 272 (2013)
  130. Zhou X, Zhang Zh IJMS 14 (12) 24135 (2013)
  131. Lu L-X, Zhang Zh-D, Zhou X Acta Phys. Sin. 62 (22) 226101 (2013)
  132. Mu?levič I Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A. 371 (1988) 20120266 (2013)
  133. Repnik R, Ranjkesh A et al J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 25 (40) 404201 (2013)
  134. Kralj S, Jesenek D et al Fluid Phase Equilibria 351 87 (2013)
  135. Avci N, Borshch V et al Soft Matter 9 (4) 1066 (2013)
  136. Čopar Simon, Dennis M R et al Phys. Rev. E 87 (5) (2013)
  137. Alexander G P, Chen B G-g et al Rev. Mod. Phys. 84 (2) 497 (2012)
  138. Seč David, Porenta T et al Soft Matter 8 (48) 11982 (2012)
  139. Bagayev S N, Klementyev V M et al J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 345 012018 (2012)
  140. Čopar Simon, Žumer Slobodan Phys. Rev. E 85 (3) (2012)
  141. Tasinkevych M, Silvestre N M, Telo d G M M New J. Phys. 14 (7) 073030 (2012)
  142. Mart?enez Casado F J, Ramos R M et al J Therm Anal Calorim 108 (2) 399 (2012)
  143. Prathap Ch S, Mondiot F et al Langmuir 27 (24) 15185 (2011)
  144. Skaldin O A, Delev V A et al Jetp Lett. 93 (7) 388 (2011)
  145. Blinov L M Structure and Properties of Liquid Crystals Chapter 8 (2011) p. 189
  146. Cvetko M, Ambrožič Milan, Kralj S Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 6 (2010)
  147. Skaldin O A, Timirov Yu I Jetp Lett. 90 (9) 633 (2010)
  148. Chen B G-g, Alexander G P, Kamien R D Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (37) 15577 (2009)
  149. Popa-Nita V, Gerlič Ivan, Kralj S IJMS 10 (9) 3971 (2009)
  150. Cvetko M, Ambrožič M, Kralj S Liquid Crystals 36 (1) 33 (2009)
  151. Hinov H P Cryst. Res. Technol. 44 (3) 327 (2009)
  152. Yu-Sheng W, Bao-He Yu, Guo-Hong Ya Commun. Theor. Phys. 50 (4) 847 (2008)
  153. Mart?enez Casado F J, Ramos R M et al J. Phys. Chem. B 112 (51) 16601 (2008)
  154. El’nikova L V J Supercond Nov Magn 21 (8) 473 (2008)
  155. Ambrožič Milan, Kralj S, Virga E G Phys. Rev. E 75 (3) (2007)
  156. Mart?enez Casado F J, Garc?ea Pérez M V ’? ’?р J. Phys. Chem. C 111 (18) 6826 (2007)
  157. Yu-Sheng W, Guo-Hong Ya et al Commun. Theor. Phys. 45 (6) 993 (2006)
  158. Popa-Nita V, Kralj S Phys. Rev. E 73 (4) (2006)
  159. Svetec M, Kralj S et al Eur. Phys. J. E 20 (1) 71 (2006)
  160. Das S K, Rey A D Molecular Simulation 31 (2-3) 201 (2005)
  161. Chiccoli C, Pasini P et al Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals 441 (1) 319 (2005)
  162. Yang G-H, Zhang H et al Commun. Theor. Phys. 44 (2) 213 (2005)
  163. Kleman M, Lavrentovich O D, Nastishin Yu A Dislocations In Solids Vol. 12 (2004) p. 147
  164. Li L, Zhang Sh, Li Z Polymer 45 (7) 2309 (2004)
  165. Das S K, Rey A D The Journal of Chemical Physics 121 (19) 9733 (2004)
  166. Fukuda Ju-i, Stark H, Yokoyama H Phys. Rev. E 69 (2) (2004)
  167. Svetec M, Brada[cbreve] Z et al Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals 413 (1) 43 (2004)
  168. Ambrožič M, Kralj S ’? ’?р Phys. Rev. E 70 (5) (2004)
  169. Repnik R, Mathelitsch L et al Eur. J. Phys. 24 (4) 481 (2003)
  170. Li L, Liu R et al Liquid Crystals 30 (2) 259 (2003)
  171. Bradač Zlatko, Kralj S et al Phys. Rev. E 67 (5) (2003)
  172. Sokolovska T G, Cates M E, Sokolovskii R O Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (23) (2003)
  173. Soft Matter Physics: An Introduction Chapter 12 (2003) p. 434
  174. Kaznacheev A V, Bogdanov M M, Sonin A S J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 97 (6) 1159 (2003)
  175. Lavrentovich O D Patterns of Symmetry Breaking Chapter 6 (2003) p. 161
  176. Loudet Je-Ch, Poulin P Journal Of Dispersion Science And Technology 23 (1-3) 143 (2002)
  177. Yang G-H, Zhang H, Duan Y-Sh International Journal Of Theoretical Physics 41 (6) 991 (2002)
  178. Kralj S, Virga E G Phys. Rev. E 66 (2) (2002)
  179. Bradač Z, Kralj S, Žumer S Phys. Rev. E 65 (2) (2002)
  180. Lev B, Nych A et al Jetp Lett. 75 (7) 322 (2002)
  181. Borisov A B Jetp Lett. 76 (2) 84 (2002)
  182. Kaznacheev A V, Bogdanov M M, Taraskin S A J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 95 (1) 57 (2002)
  183. Panasyuk G, Allender D W, Kelly J Journal of Applied Physics 89 (9) 4777 (2001)
  184. Stark H Physics Reports 351 (6) 387 (2001)
  185. Crawford G P, Sven?lek Daniel, Žumer Slobodan Chirality in Liquid Crystals Partially Ordered Systems Chapter 12 (2001) p. 375
  186. Lavrentovich O D Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology (2001) p. 6071
  187. Todorova L, Hinov H P Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals Science And Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals 350 (1) 237 (2000)
  188. Panasyuk G, Allender D W Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2) 649 (2000)
  189. Kralj S, Virga E G, Žumer S Phys. Rev. E 60 (2) 1858 (1999)
  190. Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals 1 (1999) p. 87
  191. Poulin P Current Opinion In Colloid & Interface Science 4 (1) 66 (1999)
  192. Thouless D J Les Houches - Ecole D??TEte De Physique Theorique Vol. Aspects topologiques de la physique en basse dimension. Topological aspects of low dimensional systemsIntroduction to Topological Quantum Numbers69 Chapter 11 (1999) p. 767
  193. LAVRENTOVICH O D Liquid Crystals 24 (1) 117 (1998)
  194. Poulin P, Weitz D A Phys. Rev. E 57 (1) 626 (1998)
  195. Bouligand Y Handbook of Liquid Crystals Set 1 (1998) p. 406
  196. Lubensky T C, Pettey D et al Phys. Rev. E 57 (1) 610 (1998)
  197. Bouligand Y Handbook of Liquid Crystals 1 (1998) p. 406
  198. Lubensky T C Solid State Communications 102 (2-3) 187 (1997)
  199. Poulin P, Stark H et al Science 275 (5307) 1770 (1997)
  200. Pramod P A, Hatwalne Ya, Madhusudana N V Phys. Rev. E 56 (5) R4935 (1997)
  201. Pershin V, Kushnareva T Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals Science And Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals 302 (1) 415 (1997)
  202. Burylov S V J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 85 (5) 873 (1997)
  203. Kushnareva T, Kushnarew S, Pershin V Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals Science And Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals 302 (1) 409 (1997)
  204. Terentjev E M Phys. Rev. E 51 (2) 1330 (1995)
  205. Hobdell J, Windle A Liquid Crystals 19 (4) 401 (1995)
  206. Trebin H -R, Kutka R J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 28 (7) 2005 (1995)
  207. Pargellis A N, Green S, Yurke B Phys. Rev. E 49 (5) 4250 (1994)
  208. Sparavigna A, Lavrentovich O D, Strigazzi A Phys. Rev. E 49 (2) 1344 (1994)
  209. Li J-F, Percec V et al Europhys. Lett. 25 (3) 199 (1994)
  210. Braun E, Faucheux L P, Libchaber A Phys. Rev. A 48 (1) 611 (1993)
  211. Chiccoli C, Pasini P et al Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals Science And Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals 212 (1) 197 (1992)
  212. Srivastava A M Phys. Rev. D 46 (4) 1353 (1992)
  213. Žumer S, Kralj S, Bezič J Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals Science And Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals 212 (1) 163 (1992)
  214. Chuang I, Durrer R et al Science 251 (4999) 1336 (1991)
  215. Kralj S, Žumer S, Allender D W Phys. Rev. A 43 (6) 2943 (1991)
  216. Lavrentovich O D Phys. Scr. T39 394 (1991)
  217. Vilfan I, Vilfan M, Žumer S Phys. Rev. A 43 (12) 6875 (1991)
  218. Golovataya N M, Kurik M V, Lavrentovich O D Liquid Crystals 7 (2) 287 (1990)
  219. Lavrentovich O D Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 191 (1) 77 (1990)
  220. Ovid’ko I A J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 23 (1) 31 (1990)
© 1918–2026 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions