Some of the features of the ``Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism'' (on which Maxwell continued to work until the end of his life after the first editon of 1873) are discussed. They relate to the language, style, construction, and mode of reasoning. The text of the ``Treatise'' provides an indication of the arguments that led Maxwell to his equations of electrodynamics, and his subsequent editing throws light on his further intentions. Close examination of the ``Treatise'' reveals that some deeply rooted existing views on the original content and form of Maxwell's equations, and also their history, are in fact fallacious.