The idea that for extended study of nuclear reactions natural fast particles should be replaced by artificially accelerated particles was first expressed by L. V. Mysovskiĭ in 1922. At that time under his guidance the first attempt was made to construct a high-voltage accelerator utilizing a potential difference of ≈ 1 MV. In this review we describe all proposals and experimental developments of accelerators known from the literature and belonging to the first decade of these studies. This period has great significance in the history of the development of accelerators, since it was in this period that the basic principles of almost all presently operating accelerators were proposed and verified.