I. Introduction 401 II. Energy Levels of Paramagnetic Ions in Crystals 401 III. Relaxation Effects in Paramagnetic Crystals 408 IV. Quantum-Mechanical (Paramagnetic) Microwave Amplifiers (Masers) 415 V. Quantum -Mechanical Optical Oscillators and Amplifiers (Optical Masers) 420 VI. Conclusion 426 Literature References 426
PACS:76.30.Fc, 84.40.Ik, 42.50.Pq, 71.70.Jp (all) DOI:10.1070/PU1962v005n03ABEH003424 URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1962/3/b/ Citation: Karlov N V, Prokhorov A M, Kornienko L S, Manenkov A A, Zverev G M "Application of paramagnetic crystals in quantum electronics" Sov. Phys. Usp.5 401–429 (1962)
PT Journal Article
TI Application of paramagnetic crystals in quantum electronics
AU Karlov N V
FAU Karlov NV
AU Prokhorov A M
FAU Prokhorov AM
AU Kornienko L S
FAU Kornienko LS
AU Manenkov A A
FAU Manenkov AA
AU Zverev G M
FAU Zverev GM
DP 10 Mar, 1962
TA Phys. Usp.
VI 5
IP 3
PG 401-429
RX 10.1070/PU1962v005n03ABEH003424
URL https://ufn.ru/en/articles/1962/3/b/
SO Phys. Usp. 1962 Mar 10;5(3):401-429