Issues

 / 

2018

 / 

January

  

Reviews of topical problems


Quasi-two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides: structure, synthesis, properties and applications

,
Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st. 4, Moscow, 119334, Russian Federation

Electronic states in quasi-two-dimensional (2D) metal and semiconductor crystals can have unusual characteristics and thus can exhibit unusual electronic and optical phenomena. In this paper, the results recently obtained for a new class of 2D compounds, transition metal dichalcogenides, are presented, including those on structure, preparation methods, electronic, mechanical and optical properties, defects and their influence on material properties, and conditions facilitating the formation of defects. The paper considers the unique properties of mono- and multilayer materials, examines their dependence on external factors, and discusses their further application prospects. Various applications of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides are described, ranging from nanolubricants, nanocomposites and biosensors to memory cells and supercapacitors to optoelectronic, spin and photovoltaic devices.

Fulltext pdf (1.6 MB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2017.02.038065
Keywords: two-dimensional structures, transition metal dichalcogenides, electronic and optical properties, spin polarization, valeytronics, heterostructures, defects
PACS: 73.22.−f
DOI: 10.3367/UFNe.2017.02.038065
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2018/1/b/
000429883000001
2-s2.0-85045727322
2018PhyU...61....2C
Citation: Chernozatonskii L A, Artyukh A A "Quasi-two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides: structure, synthesis, properties and applications" Phys. Usp. 61 2–28 (2018)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Received: 19th, December 2016, revised: 5th, February 2017, 7th, February 2017

Оригинал: Чернозатонский Л А, Артюх А А «Квазидвумерные дихалькогениды переходных металлов: структура, синтез, свойства и применение» УФН 188 3–30 (2018); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2017.02.038065

References (266) ↓ Cited by (52) Similar articles (20)

  1. Tenne R et al. Nature 360 444 (1992)
  2. Ebbesen T W, Ajayan P M Nature 358 220 (1992)
  3. Kosakovskaya Z Ya, Chernozatonskii L A, Fedorov E A Pis’ma ZhETF 56 26 (1992); Kosakovskaya Z Ya, Chernozatonskii L A, Fedorov E A JETP Lett. 56 26 (1992)
  4. Dresselhaus M S, Dresselhaus G, Avouris P (Eds) Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, And Applications (Berlin: Springer, 2001)
  5. Margulis L et al. Nature 365 113 (1993)
  6. Rosentsveig R et al. J. Mater. Chem. 19 4368 (2009)
  7. Novoselov K S et al. Science 306 666 (2004)
  8. Duan X et al. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44 8859 (2015)
  9. Chhowalla M et al. Nature Chem. 5 263 (2013)
  10. Novoselov K S et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102 10451 (2005)
  11. Jaszczak J A et al. Minerals 6 (4) 115 (2016)
  12. Wilson J A, Yoffe A D Adv. Phys. 18 193 (1969)
  13. Kalikhman V L, Umanskii Ya S Usp. Fiz. Nauk 108 503 (1972); Kalikhman V L, Umanskii Ya S Sov. Phys. Usp. 15 728 (1973)
  14. Antonova I V Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 50 67 (2016); Antonova I V Semiconductors 50 66 (2016)
  15. Zhang G et al. Energy Environ. Sci. 9 1190 (2016)
  16. Reale F, Shardan K, Mattevi C Appl. Mater. Today 3 11 (2016)
  17. Xia F et al. Nature Photon. 8 899 (2014)
  18. Zhang J et al. Energy Environ. Sci. 9 2789 (2016)
  19. Schaibley J R et al. Nature Rev. Mater. 1 16055 (2016)
  20. Mak K F, Shan J Nature Photon. 10 216 (2016)
  21. Li M-Y et al. Mater. Today 19 322 (2016)
  22. Guo Y et al. Adv. Mater. 29 1700715 (2017)
  23. Li X, Zhu H J. Materiomics 1 33 (2015)
  24. Mukherjee B et al. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 5 9594 (2013)
  25. Li C et al. ACS Nano 6 8868 (2012)
  26. Brent J R et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137 12689 (2015)
  27. Li X et al. Sci. Rep. 4 5497 (2014)
  28. Bulaevskii L N Usp. Fiz. Nauk 116 449 (1975); Bulaevskii L N Sov. Phys. Usp. 18 514 (1975)
  29. Kvashnin D G, Chernozatonskii L A Pis’ma ZhETF 105 230 (2017); Kvashnin D G, Chernozatonskii L A JETP Lett. 105 250 (2017)
  30. Mattheiss L F Phys. Rev. B 8 3719 (1973)
  31. Alexiev V, Prins R, Weber T Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2 1815 (2000)
  32. Lin Y-C et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 9 391 (2014)
  33. Eda G et al. ACS Nano 6 7311 (2012)
  34. Radisavljevic B et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 6 147 (2011)
  35. Benavente E et al. Coord. Chem. Rev. 224 87 (2002)
  36. Eda G et al. Nano Lett. 11 5111 (2011)
  37. Kan M et al. J. Phys. Chem. C 118 1515 (2014)
  38. Kadantsev E S, Hawrylak P Solid State Commun. 152 909 (2012)
  39. Gordon R A et al. Phys. Rev. B 65 125407 (2002)
  40. Frindt R F, Yoffe A D Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 273 69 (1963)
  41. Bissessur R et al. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. (20) 1582 (1993)
  42. Bertoni R et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 277201 (2016)
  43. Lin Y-C et al. ACS Nano 9 11249 (2015)
  44. Yu Z G, Cai Y, Zhang Y-W Sci. Rep. 5 13783 (2015)
  45. Liu H et al. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44 2732 (2015)
  46. Tongay S et al. Nature Commun. 5 3252 (2014)
  47. Zhuang H L, Hennig R G J. Phys. Chem. C 117 20440 (2013)
  48. Ataca C, Sahin H, Ciraci S J. Phys. Chem. C 116 8983 (2012)
  49. Smirnov I A, Oskotskii V S Usp. Fiz. Nauk 124 241 (1978); Smirnov I A, Oskotskii V S Sov. Phys. Usp. 21 117 (1978)
  50. Grachev A I Pis’ma ZhTF 2 628 (1976)
  51. Kaminskii V V i dr. Fiz. Tverd. Tela 17 1546 (1975); Kaminskii V V et al. Sov. Phys. Solid State 17 1015 (1975)
  52. Gomes L C, Carvalho A, Castro Neto A H Phys. Rev. B 94 054103 (2016); Gomes L C, Carvalho A, Castro Neto A H arXiv:1604.04092
  53. Zhang L-C et al. Sci. Rep. 6 19830 (2016)
  54. Boiko V S, Garber R I, Kosevich A M Obratimaya Plastichnost’ Kristallov (M.: Nauka, 1991); Per. na angl. yaz., Boyko V S, Garber R I, Kossevich A M Reversible Crystal Plasticity (New York: American Institute of Physics, 1994)
  55. Lines M E, Glass A M Principles And Applications Of Ferroelectrics And Related Materials (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1977); Per. na russk. yaz., Lains M, Glass A Segnetoelektriki i Rodstvennye Im Materialy (M.: Mir, 1981)
  56. Wu M, Zeng X C Nano Lett. 16 3236 (2016)
  57. Yu H, Dai S, Chen Y Sci. Rep. 6 26193 (2016)
  58. Skelton J M et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 075502 (2016)
  59. Fei R, Kang W, Yang L Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 097601 (2016)
  60. Sist M, Zhang J, Brummerstedt Iversen B Acta Cryst. B 72 310 (2016)
  61. Tian H et al. Nano Today 11 763 (2016)
  62. Hanakata P Z et al. Phys. Rev. B 94 035304 (2016)
  63. Fedorov V E, Mishchenko A V, Fedin V P Uspekhi Khimii 54 694 (1985); Fedorov V E, Mishchenko A V, Fedin V P Russ. Chem. Rev. 54 408 (1985)
  64. Elías A L et al. ACS Nano 7 5235 (2013)
  65. Gutiérrez H R et al. Nano Lett. 13 3447 (2013)
  66. Chang Y-H et al. ACS Nano 8 8582 (2014)
  67. Li H et al. Small 9 1974 (2013)
  68. Huang J-K et al. ACS Nano 8 923 (2014)
  69. Jeong S et al. Nature Commun. 6 5763 (2015)
  70. Fathipour S et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 105 192101 (2014)
  71. Li J-M Appl. Phys. A 99 229 (2010)
  72. Koski K J, Cui Y ACS Nano 7 3739 (2013)
  73. Geim A K, Grigorieva I V Nature 499 419 (2013)
  74. Novoselov K S et al. Nature 438 197 (2005)
  75. Magda G Z et al. Sci. Rep. 5 14714 (2015)
  76. Heising J, Kanatzidis M G J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121 638 (1999)
  77. Huang Y et al. Nano Res. 6 200 (2013)
  78. Zhan Y et al. Small 8 966 (2012)
  79. Wang X et al. J. Mater. Chem. C 4 3143 (2016)
  80. Najmaei S et al. Nature Mater. 12 754 (2013)
  81. Ferrari A C et al. Nanoscale 7 4598 (2015)
  82. Huang C et al. Nature Mater. 13 1096 (2014)
  83. Wang X et al. ACS Nano 8 5125 (2014)
  84. Bai H et al. Mater. Lett. 204 35 (2017)
  85. Helveg S et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 951 (2000)
  86. Zhou L et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137 11892 (2015)
  87. Liu K-K et al. Nano Lett. 12 1538 (2012)
  88. Boscher N D et al. Chem. Vapor. Deposit. 12 692 (2006)
  89. Carmalt C J, Parkin I P, Peters E S Polyhedron 22 1499 (2003)
  90. Boscher N D, Carmalt C J, Parkin I P J. Mater. Chem. 16 122 (2006)
  91. Boscher N D et al. Appl. Surf. Sci. 253 6041 (2007)
  92. Peters E S, Carmalt C J, Parkin I P J. Mater. Chem. 14 3474 (2004)
  93. Late D J et al. Adv. Funct. Mater. 22 1894 (2012)
  94. Gao J et al. ACS Nano 10 2628 (2016)
  95. Enyashin A N et al. J. Phys. Chem. C 115 24586 (2011)
  96. Cui X et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 10 534 (2015)
  97. Lee Y et al. Nanoscale 7 11909 (2015)
  98. Li Y et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 16739 (2008)
  99. Wang Z et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 13840 (2010)
  100. Wang Z et al. J. Mater. Chem. 21 171 (2011)
  101. Tapasztó L et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 3 397 (2008)
  102. Nethravathi C et al. ACS Nano 7 7311 (2013)
  103. Kvashnin A G, Sorokin P B, Tománek D J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 5 4014 (2014)
  104. Kvashnin D G et al. Nanoscale 6 8400 (2014)
  105. Megiatto J D (Jr.) et al. Nature Chem. 6 423 (2014)
  106. Hung Y-H et al. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfac. 8 20993 (2016)
  107. Wu J-B et al. Adv. Opt. Mater. 4 756 (2016)
  108. Alferov Zh I Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 767 (2001)
  109. Kroemer H Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 783 (2001)
  110. Li Q et al. Small 12 32 (2016)
  111. Wang Q et al. J. Phys. D 46 505308 (2013)
  112. Gong Y et al. Nature Mater. 13 1135 (2014)
  113. Li M-Y et al. Science 349 524 (2015)
  114. Zhou Y, Dong J, Li H RSC Adv. 5 66852 (2015)
  115. Zhang Z et al. Sci. Rep. 6 21639 (2016)
  116. Antipina L Yu et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18 26956 (2016)
  117. Zhou L et al. Nano Res. 9 857 (2016)
  118. Fominskii V Yu i dr. Pis’ma ZhTF 42 (11) 1 (2016); Fominski V Yu et al. Tech. Phys. Lett. 42 555 (2016)
  119. Lin Y-C et al. Nature Commun. 6 7311 (2015)
  120. Hu W, Yang J Comput. Mater. Sci. 112 518 (2016)
  121. Wang Z et al. Nature Commun. 6 8339 (2015)
  122. Kim K et al. ACS Nano 9 4527 (2015)
  123. Lv Y et al. Surf. Sci. 651 10 (2016)
  124. Hu W et al. J. Mater. Chem. C 4 1776 (2016)
  125. Georgiou T et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 8 100 (2013)
  126. Tang H et al. J. Mater. Chem A 2 360 (2014)
  127. Lin Y-C et al. Adv. Mater. 26 2857 (2014)
  128. Sachs B et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 251607 (2013)
  129. Chernozatonskii L, Demin V J. Chem. Phys. Lett. (2017), in press
  130. Demin V A, Chernozatonskii L A Pis’ma ZhETF 101 107 (2015); Demin V A, Chernozatonskii L A JETP Lett. 101 103 (2015)
  131. Kvashnin D G et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17 28770 (2015)
  132. Zeng M et al. Adv. Electron. Mater. 2 1500456 (2016)
  133. Smith B W, Monthioux M, Luzzi D E Chem. Phys. Lett. 315 31 (1999)
  134. Hashimoto A et al. Diamond Relat. Mater. 18 388 (2009)
  135. Chen R et al. Chem. Mater. 28 4300 (2016)
  136. Choi M S et al. Nature Commun. 4 1624 (2013)
  137. Chernozatonskii L A, Kvashnin A G, Sorokin P B Nanotechnology 27 365201 (2016)
  138. Freeman C L et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 066102 (2006)
  139. Sorokin P B et al. Nano Lett. 14 7126 (2014)
  140. Claeyssens F et al. J. Mater. Chem. 15 139 (2005)
  141. Kvashnin A, Sorokin P, Chernozatonskii L Comput. Mater. Sci. (2017), in press
  142. Robinson J A ACS Nano 10 42 (2016)
  143. Lin Z et al. 2D Mater. 3 022002 (2016)
  144. Luo S et al. Nanotechnology 26 105705 (2015)
  145. Komsa H-P, Krasheninnikov A V Phys. Rev. B 91 125304 (2015)
  146. Ma Q et al. ACS Nano 8 4672 (2014)
  147. Wei J et al. AIP Adv. 2 042141 (2012)
  148. Noh J-Y, Kim H, Kim Y-S Phys. Rev. B 89 205417 (2014)
  149. Komsa H-P et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 035503 (2012)
  150. Komsa H-P et al. Phys. Rev. B 88 035301 (2013)
  151. Lin Y-C et al. Nature Commun. 6 6736 (2015)
  152. Stone A J, Wales D J Chem. Phys. Lett. 128 501 (1986)
  153. Lehtinen O et al. ACS Nano 9 3274 (2015)
  154. Ghorbani-Asl M et al. Phys. Rev. B 88 245440 (2013)
  155. Chow P K et al. ACS Nano 9 1520 (2015)
  156. Park H J, Ryu G H, Lee Z Appl. Microsc. 45 107 (2015)
  157. Komsa H-P et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 035503 (2012)
  158. Smith B W, Luzzi D E J. Appl. Phys. 90 3509 (2001)
  159. Kotakoski J et al. Phys. Rev. B 82 113404 (2010)
  160. Wang Y et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17 2678 (2015)
  161. Sun L, Banhart F, Warner J MRS Bull. 40 29 (2015)
  162. Titov A N i dr. Fiz. Tverd. Tela 49 1460 (2007); Titov A N et al. Phys. Solid State 49 1532 (2007)
  163. Sun X et al. Sci. Rep. 6 26666 (2016)
  164. Singh H et al. Tribol. Trans. 58 767 (2015)
  165. Ding X et al. Surf. Coat. Technol. 205 224 (2010)
  166. Tedstone A A, Lewis D J, O’Brien P Chem. Mater. 28 1965 (2016)
  167. Mirabelli G et al. AIP Adv. 6 025323 (2016)
  168. Lewis D J et al. Chem. Mater. 27 1367 (2015)
  169. Wang Q et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18 8158 (2016)
  170. Chou S S et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 4584 (2013)
  171. Chen X et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 55 5803 (2016)
  172. Lebègue S, Eriksson O Phys. Rev. 79 115409 (2009)
  173. Zhao Q et al. J. Phys. Chem. C 121 23744 (2017)
  174. Ding Y et al. Physica B 406 2254 (2011)
  175. Kobayashi K, Yamauchi J Phys. Rev. B 51 17085 (1995)
  176. Kuc A, Zibouche N, Heine T Phys. Rev. B 83 245213 (2011)
  177. Kumar A, Ahluwalia P K Eur. Phys. J. B 85 186 (2012)
  178. Yun W S et al. Phys. Rev. B 85 033305 (2012)
  179. Bollinger M V et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 196803 (2001)
  180. Zhang Y et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 9 111 (2014)
  181. Kam K K, Parkinson B A J. Phys. Chem. 86 463 (1982)
  182. Frindt R F J. Phys. Chem. Solids 24 1107 (1963)
  183. Dubrovskii G B Fiz. Tverd. Tela 40 1712 (1998); Dubrovskii G B Phys. Solid State 40 1557 (1998)
  184. Mak K F et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 136805 (2010)
  185. Conley H J et al. Nano Lett. 13 3626 (2013)
  186. Sundaram R S et al. Nano Lett. 13 1416 (2013)
  187. Ross J S et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 9 268 (2014)
  188. Lopes-Sanchez O et al. ACS Nano 8 3042 (2014)
  189. He J et al. Nature Commun. 5 5622 (2014)
  190. Jin W et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 106801 (2013)
  191. Joshi R K et al. AIP Adv. 6 015315 (2016)
  192. Shi H et al. Phys. Rev. B 87 155304 (2013)
  193. Scalise E et al. Nano Res. 5 43 (2012)
  194. Conley H J et al. Nano Lett. 13 3626 (2013)
  195. Hui Y Y et al. ACS Nano 7 7126 (2013)
  196. Kaasbjerg K, Thygesen K S, Jacobsen K W Phys. Rev. B 85 115317 (2012)
  197. Tian H et al. Nano Res. 9 1543 (2016)
  198. Splendiani A et al. Nano Lett. 10 1271 (2010)
  199. Zhou W et al. Nano Lett. 13 2615 (2013)
  200. McDonnell S et al. ACS Nano 8 2880 (2014)
  201. Islam M R et al. Nanoscale 6 10033 (2014)
  202. Allain A, Kis A ACS Nano 8 7180 (2014)
  203. He K et al. Nano Lett. 13 2931 (2013)
  204. Liu Z et al. Nature Commun. 5 5246 (2014)
  205. Hui Y Y et al. ACS Nano 7 7126 (2013)
  206. Yu L, Ruzsinszky A, Perdew J P Nano Lett. 16 2444 (2016)
  207. Zhang Z et al. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 16 8090 (2016)
  208. Sharma M et al. J. Appl. Phys. 116 063711 (2014)
  209. Guo H et al. J. Phys. Chem. C 118 7242 (2014)
  210. Pearce A J, Mariani E, Burkard G Phys. Rev. B 94 155416 (2016)
  211. Ao L et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 18 7163 (2016)
  212. Duerloo K-A N, Ong M T, Reed E J J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 3 2871 (2012)
  213. Wu W et al. Nature 514 470 (2014)
  214. Molina-Sánchez A et al. Nano Lett. 17 4549 (2017)
  215. Xiao D et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 196802 (2012)
  216. Ye Y et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 11 598 (2016)
  217. Mak K F et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 7 494 (2012)
  218. Zeng H et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 7 490 (2012)
  219. Cao T et al. Nature Commun. 3 887 (2012)
  220. Zhu C R et al. Phys. Rev. B 88 121301(R) (2013)
  221. Torres-Torres C et al. 2D Mater. 3 021005 (2016)
  222. Chaves A et al. Phys. Rev. B 91 155311 (2015)
  223. Echeverry J P et al. Phys. Rev. B 93 121107(R) (2016)
  224. Wang G et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 097403 (2015)
  225. Zhu C R et al. Phys. Rev. B 90 161302(R) (2014)
  226. Glazov M M et al. Phys. Status Solidi B 252 2349 (2015)
  227. Wang G et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 187401 (2016)
  228. Sie E J et al. Nano Lett. 16 7421 (2016)
  229. Yu Y et al. Nano Lett. 15 486 (2015)
  230. Hong X et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 9 682 (2014)
  231. Fang H et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111 6198 (2014)
  232. Kumar N A et al. Mater. Today 18 286 (2015)
  233. Roy T et al. ACS Nano 8 6259 (2014)
  234. Yin Z et al. ACS Nano 6 74 (2012)
  235. Xia F et al. Nature Nanotechnol. 4 839 (2009)
  236. Churikov A V Elektrokhimicheskaya Energetika 3 51 (2003)
  237. Sun W et al. ACS Nano 9 11371 (2015)
  238. Liu P et al. Nanotechnology 27 225403 (2016)
  239. Whittingham M S Prog. Solid State Chem. 12 41 (1978)
  240. Brezhestovskii M S i dr. Fiz. Tverd. Tela 57 2023 (2015); Brezhestovskii M S et al. Phys. Solid State 57 2078 (2015)
  241. Chen D et al. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53 17901 (2014)
  242. Huang G et al. Small 9 3693 (2013)
  243. Bernardi M, Palummo M, Grossman J C Nano Lett. 13 3664 (2013)
  244. Wang W et al. Nano Lett. 15 7440 (2015)
  245. Jaramillo T F et al. Science 317 100 (2007)
  246. Hinnemann B et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 5308 (2005)
  247. Liang Y et al. Nature Mater. 10 780 (2011)
  248. Yan Y et al. Chem. Commun. 49 4884 (2013)
  249. Zhuang H L, Hennig R G Phys. Rev. B 88 115314 (2013)
  250. Farimani A B, Min K, Aluru N R ACS Nano 8 7914 (2014)
  251. Liu K et al. ACS Nano 8 2504 (2014)
  252. Zhang Z et al. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 16 8090 (2016)
  253. Naylor C H et al. ACS Nano 10 6173 (2016)
  254. Goodfellow M et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 108 021101 (2016)
  255. Prasai D et al. Nano Lett. 15 4374 (2015)
  256. Feng J et al. Nature 536 197 (2016)
  257. Choi W et al. Mater. Today 20 116 (2017)
  258. Desai S B et al. Science 354 99 (2016)
  259. Choudhary N et al. ACS Nano 10 10726 (2016)
  260. Lim Y R et al. Adv. Mater. 28 5025 (2016)
  261. Yu X, Sivula K ACS Energy Lett. 1 315 (2016)
  262. Chowdhury R K et al. Nanoscale 8 13429 (2016)
  263. Wang S et al. Nano Lett. 16 4368 (2016)
  264. An Y et al. J. Phys. D 49 245304 (2016)
  265. An X-T et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 096602 (2017); An X-T et al. arXiv:1602.06633
  266. Wang Z et al. Phys. Rev. X 6 041020 (2016)

© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions