RSS feeds
РусскийEnglish
Issue 4, 2024
Volume year page
Issues Authors PACS Subscription For authors

Issues

 / 

2008

 / 

April

←  →

Reviews of topical problems


Cluster temperature. Methods for its measurement and stabilization


Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Fizicheskaya 5, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840, Russian Federation

Cluster temperature is an important material parameter essential to many physical and chemical processes involving clusters and cluster beams. Because of the diverse methods by which clusters can be produced, excited, and stabilized, and also because of the widely ranging values of atomic and molecular binding energies (approximately from 10-5 to 10 eV) and numerous energy relaxation channels in clusters, cluster temperature (internal energy) ranges from 10-3 to about 108 K. This paper reviews research on cluster temperature and describes methods for its measurement and stabilization. The role of cluster temperature in and its influence on physical and chemical processes is discussed. Results on the temperature dependence of cluster properties are presented. The way in which cluster temperature relates to cluster structure and to atomic and molecular interaction potentials in clusters is addressed. Methods for strong excitation of clusters and channels for their energy relaxation are discussed. Some applications of clusters and cluster beams are considered.

Fulltext pdf (1.8 MB)
Fulltext is also available at DOI: 10.1070/PU2008v051n04ABEH006421
PACS: 32.80.−t, 34.50.−s, 36.40.−c, 43.25.Cb, 79.20.Rf, 81.07.−b (all)
DOI: 10.1070/PU2008v051n04ABEH006421
URL: https://ufn.ru/en/articles/2008/4/a/
000258187900001
2-s2.0-49249138501
2008PhyU...51..319M
Citation: Makarov G N "Cluster temperature. Methods for its measurement and stabilization" Phys. Usp. 51 319–353 (2008)
BibTexBibNote ® (generic)BibNote ® (RIS)MedlineRefWorks

Оригинал: Макаров Г Н «Кластерная температура. Методы ее измерения и стабилизации» УФН 178 337–376 (2008); DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.0178.200804a.0337

References (517) Cited by (57) Similar articles (20) ↓

  1. G.N. Makarov “Experimental methods for determining the melting temperature and the heat of melting of clusters and nanoparticles” 53 179–198 (2010)
  2. G.N. Makarov “Kinetic methods for measuring the temperature of clusters and nanoparticles in molecular beams” 54 351–370 (2011)
  3. G.N. Makarov “Laser IR fragmentation of molecular clusters: the role of channels for energy input and relaxation, influence of surroundings, dynamics of fragmentation” 60 227–258 (2017)
  4. G.N. Makarov “Control of the parameters and composition of molecular and cluster beams by means of IR lasers” 61 617–644 (2018)
  5. G.N. Makarov “The spectroscopy of clusters by intense pulses of VUV radiation from free electron lasers” 52 461–486 (2009)
  6. G.N. Makarov “Spectroscopy of single molecules and clusters inside helium nanodroplets. Microscopic manifestation of 4He superfluidity” 47 217–247 (2004)
  7. R.S. Berry, B.M. Smirnov “Phase transitions and adjacent phenomena in simple atomic systems” 48 345–388 (2005)
  8. G.N. Makarov “Low energy methods of molecular laser isotope separation” 58 670–700 (2015)
  9. V.P. Krainov, B.M. Smirnov, M.B. Smirnov “Femtosecond excitation of cluster beams” 50 907–931 (2007)
  10. R.S. Berry, B.M. Smirnov “Phase transitions in various kinds of clusters” 52 137–164 (2009)
  11. P.V. Kashtanov, B.M. Smirnov, R. Hippler “Magnetron plasma and nanotechnology” 50 455–488 (2007)
  12. G.N. Makarov “Selective processes of IR excitation and dissociation of molecules in gasdynamically cooled jets and flows” 48 37–76 (2005)
  13. B.M. Smirnov “Processes in expanding and condensing gases” 37 621–657 (1994)
  14. B.M. Smirnov “Generation of cluster beams” 46 589–628 (2003)
  15. B.M. Smirnov “Scaling method in atomic and molecular physics” 44 1229–1253 (2001)
  16. G.N. Makarov “Studies on high-intensity pulsed molecular beams and flows interacting with a solid surface” 46 889–914 (2003)
  17. B.M. Smirnov “Melting of clusters with pair interaction of atoms” 37 1079–1096 (1994)
  18. V.Z. Kresin, Yu.N. Ovchinnikov “‘Giant’ strengthening of superconducting pairing in metallic nanoclusters: large enhancement of Tc and potential for room-temperature superconductivity” 51 427–435 (2008)
  19. B.M. Smirnov “Clusters with close packing and filled shells” 36 (10) 933–955 (1993)
  20. R.S. Berry, B.M. Smirnov “Modeling of configurational transitions in atomic systems” 56 973–998 (2013)

The list is formed automatically.
© 1918–2024 Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk
Email: ufn@ufn.ru Editorial office contacts About the journal Terms and conditions